CRUSOE PROCESSOR

Contents

Introduction Crusoe processor VLIW hardware Code morphing software Long run power management Crusoe processor architecture Conclusion

Features

Mobile computing devices like laptops , webslates &notebook PCs are becoming common

Heart of every PC is MICROPROCESSOR.

The mobile computing market has never had a microprocessor specially designed for it

Drawbacks

Consumes lots of power They get very hot Needs a cooling fan When you are on go, a power hungry processor -- run out of power before youve finished --run more slowly and lose application performance

This makes the resultant mobile computer:

Bigger Clunker Noisier

Crusoe processor

Designed specially for the mobile computing market. Developed by small silicon valley startup company called Transmeta Corp Easily understood from simple sketch of the processor architecture called AMOEBA

Crusoe processor

Hybrid processor It has a software part and a hardware part with the software part layer surrounding the hardware unit 128 bit microprocessor Fabricated on CMOS process Based on technique called VLIW

Crusoe processor It uses Transmetas two patent technologies Code morphing software Long run power management

CRUSOE - AMOEBA

Crusoe processor VLIW hardware

Very Long Instruction Word Combines multiple standard instructions into one long instruction word Explicit parallelism Trace scheduling Dynamic scheduling

128 bit Molecule

X86 INSTRUCTIONS

Code morphing software

Dynamic translation system Program that compiles instruction set architecture( X86 target ISA) into instructions for another ISA (the VLIW host ISA) Resides in ROM First program to start executing when the processor boots

Decoding and Scheduling

Code morphing can translate an entire group of x86 instructions at once Transmetas software translates instructions once, saving the resulting translation in a translation cache The next time the x86 code is executed the system skips the translation step and directly executes the existing optimized translation

Decoding and Scheduling

The code morphing approach can amortize the cost of translation over many executions, allowing it to use much more sophisticated translation and scheduling algorithms Speeds up execution while at the same time reducing power

Caching

Resides in a separate memory space that is inaccessible to x86 code Size of memory space can be set at boot time The crusoe processors approach of caching translations delivers excellent performance in real life situations

Filtering

The code morphing software includes in its arsenal a wide choice of execution modes A sophisticated set of heuristics helps choose among these execution modes based on dynamic feedback information gathered during actual execution of the code.

Prediction and Path Selection

The micro-op translation adds at least one pipeline stage and requires the decoder to call a microcode routine to translate some of the most complex x86 instructions Implementing the equivalent of that fronted translation in software saves Transmeta a great deal of control logic and simplifies the design of chips It also allows to patch some bugs in software

LONG RUN POWER MANAGEMENT

The TM5600 can adjust its power consumption without turning itself off It can adjust its clock frequency on the fly It does so quick and without requiring an operating system reboot or having to go through a slow sequence of suspending to and restarting from RAM

CRUSOE PROCESSOR ARCHITECHTURE

PROCESSOR CORE INTEGRATED DDR SDRAM MEMORY CONTROLLER INTEGRATED SDR SDRAM MEMORY CONTROLLER INTEGRATED PCI CONTROLLER SERIAL ROM INTERFACE

CRUSOE PROCESSOR ARCHITECHTURE

CONCLUSION

Highly integrated
Ultra-low power High performance platform solution for the x86 mobile market

REFERENCE
JOURNALS

IEEE SPECTRUM, MAY 2000, Transmetas Magic Show CHIP, JUNE 2000 Pc Magazine , November 2000, The Mobile Edge

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