Terms and People to know

By: Cameron Wheeler & Amber Long

Slavery
noun the state of being a slave : thousands had
been sold into slavery.
the

practice or system of owning slaves. a condition compared to that of a slave in respect of exhausting labor or restricted freedom excessive dependence on or devotion to something : slavery to tradition.

Slavery in the 1800s

Slavery in the 1800s is the first thing people think of, because before the 1800s slaves were a common thing, ignored and unimportant. But the 1800s was when people really started to protest for slaves. These people were called abolitionist.

Abolition
Abolition

is the action or act of abolishing a system, practice, or institution. In this case it is slavery. People who supported abolition of slavery were called Abolitionist. Most of the people in the north were either abolitionist or they didn't really have an opinion on the matter.

Cotton Gin
The

cotton gin was a major invention of the time. It allowed people to produce cotton products fifty time faster than before. With the cotton boom, people who owned cotton farms couldnt keep up with demands and came up with a brilliant plan. Slaves, cheap labor.

Day to Day Life as a Slave

Slaves

had terrible lives. They were forced to work from sun up to sun down almost every day. Every morning before the sun rose slaves would begin to make their way out to the fields to begin work. There they were forced to do back braking work. And then final at sunset they were allowed to return to pathetic cabins to wait until the next day.

Living Conditions
The

living conditions of slaves were pitiful. A group of however many slaves slept in a single cabin on pallets on the floor. The slaves were given food but it was a meager amount, enough to keep them alive, and some what healthy.

Major Figures
There

a lot of figures in the abolition of slavery. Harriet Tubman Fredrick Douglas William Lloyd Garrison Harriet Beecher Stowe And many more

Harriet Tubman

Harriet Tubman or Araminta Ross was born supposed to be born between 1820-1825. Physical abuse was daily for Harriet. However the incident that stood out from the rest was one day while on an errand at a drygoods store Harriet encountered a runaway slave and his overseer. The overseer commanded that Harriet grab the slave, but when she refused the overseer through a two pound weight at her head. Harriet from then suffered from seizures, severe headaches, and narcoleptic episodes.

Harriet Tubman Continued

Harriet married a free slave by the name of John Tubman. Little is known about them, it is unsure if they had children or not. She escaped from slavery in 1849 with her brothers Ben and Henry, who later returned. Harriet followed the Underground Railroad for 90 miles to Philadelphia. She soon returned to aid her family and other slaves to escape from slavery. She also became a spy for the Union Army Harriet died in 1913, she was 93 years old.

Fredrick Douglas

Fredrick Douglas was born into slavery in Maryland around 1818. Defying a law, his masters wife taught young Fredrick the alphabet. His master found out and banned Fredrick from learning to read & write. However Fredrick continued to read anything with words on it. Douglas tried to escape from slavery two times. On his final attempt he had the assistance of a free black woman by the name of Anna Murray.

Fredrick Douglas Continued

When he reached New York he sent for Anna and they were soon married and took the last name Johnson. Anna and Fredrick moved to New Bedford, Massachusetts. Douglass wrote and published his first autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, in 1845 Soon after he published his book, his name was recognized and he fled to Ireland to escape recapture.

More about Fredrick Douglas

In

1847 Fredrick returned to America a free man. After the Civil war Fredrick became president of the Freedman's Savings Bank and as charg d'affaires for the Dominican Republic. He was also nominated without his knowledge for the position of Vice President of America.

William Lloyd Garrison

William

Lloyd Garrison was born December 10, 1805 in Newburyport, Massachusetts. In 1830 he started an abolitionist paper, The Liberator. In 1832 he helped form the New England Antislavery Society. Even during the Civil War he continued to publish anti-slavery articles.

Harriet Beecher Stowe

Harriet

Beecher Stowe was born on June 14, 1811, in Litchfield, Connecticut. In 1851, Harriet wrote and published the first installment of her book, Uncle Toms Cabin, appeared in the National Era. Uncle Tom's Cabin was published as a book the following year. Stowe died on July 1, 1896, in Hartford, Connecticut. She was 85

Gender and slavery

For black men and women, slavery was an similarly devastating experience. Both were torn from homeland and family. Both were forced to perform exhausting labor, subjected to mental and physical degradation, and denied their most basic rights. Enslaved men and women were beaten mercilessly, separated from loved and regardless of sex, treated as property in the eyes of the law.

The nullification crisis

The

Nullification Crisis was a sectional crisis during the presidency of Andrew Jackson created by South Carolinas 1832 Ordinance of Nullification. This ordinance declared by the power of the State that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of South Carolina.

A diagram of the nullification crisis

 http://www.pbs.org/wnet/slavery/experie

nce/gender/history.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nullification_ Crisis