BAB 2

SEL SEBAGAI UNIT ASAS KEHIDUPAN

Intro

Cell is the basic unit of all living things.

Microscope

Historians credit the invention of the compound microscope to the Dutch spectacle maker, Zacharias Janssen, around the year 1590. Eyepiece Lens: the lens at the top that you look through. They are usually 10X or 15X power. Arm: Supports the tube and connects it to the base Base: The bottom of the microscope, used for support Stage: The flat platform where you place your slides. Objective Lenses: Usually you will find 3 or 4 objective lenses on a microscope. They almost always consist of 4X, 10X, 40X and 100X powers. How to Focus Your Microscope?

Gambar sel di bawah mikroskop

Sel bawang Sel pipi

Sel haiwan
Struktur sel Membran sel Sitoplasma Nukleus Fungsi Mengawal pergerakan bahan ke dalam dan ke luar sel. Tempat tindak balas kimia berlaku. Mengawal semua aktiviti sel dan membawa maklumat perwarisan. Nukleus

Membran sel
Sitoplasma

Dinding sel

Sel tumbuhan

Membran sel
Vakuol Kloroplas Nukleus

Struktur Sel Membran sel

Fungsi Mengawal pergerakan bahan ke dalam dan ke luar sel.

Sitoplasma Nukleus
Dinding sel Vakuol

Tempat tindak balas kimia berlaku. Mengawal semua aktiviti sel dan membawa maklumat perwarisan.
Memberi sokongan, perlindungan dan bentuk tetap kepada sel. Berisi sap sel yang mengandungi gula dan garam, serta memberi sokongan kepada sel apa bila di penuhi air. Mengandung klorofil yang menyerap cahaya matahari semasa proses fotosintesis

Kloroplas

Persamaan & Perbezaan

Sel tumbuhan Persamaan Kedua-dua sel : Membran sel Sitoplasma Nukleus Sel tumbuhan Ada dinding sel Tetap Biasanya mempunyai vakuol yang besar Ada kloroplas Perbezaan Dinding sel Bentuk Vakuol Kloroplas Sel haiwan Tiada Tidak tetap Biasanya tidak mempunyai vakuol Tiada Sel Haiwan

Exercise 2.1
Science Text Book (English) Pg 43 & 44 Question 1-3(answer all) Draw the pictures (Cell X and Y) Draw the word maze

Specialised Cells

Different types of cells look different because they are adapted to their function. They are said to be specialised. Similar cells that carry out the same function are grouped together in tissues. Different tissues work together in organs. Different organs are combined together to form organ systems. For example, muscle cells form muscle tissue. The heart contains muscle tissue, nervous tissue and connective tissue. The heart is part of the circulatory system.

The Levels of Cell Organization

Cell

Single Cell- smallest structural unit of an organism that is capable of independent function.
Example - White Blood Cell

Tissue

A group of cells that all do the same work Example Muscle

Organ

A group of tissue that works together for perform a function

Examples - Heart, Kidney, Lung

System

A group of organs that do a certian job. Examples - Circulatory System, Digestion System, Lymphatic System (immune System)

Microorganisms

Structural Diagram of the Influenza Virus

Human body