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Other Factors
Flow rate Viscosity higher viscosity = harder to separate Temperature higher temperature reduces viscosity Outlet Specification
Otros Factores
Rata de Flujo Viscosidad Viscosidad mas Alta = Mas dificil de separar Temperatura Temperature mas alta reduce viscosidad Especificacion de Salida (producto)
INLET
GAS OUTLET
GAS PHASE
INLET
GAS PHASE
LIQUID PHASE
LIQUID PHASE
LIQUID OUTLET
LIQUID OUTLET
Entrada
Fase Liquida
Salida de Liquido
Vessel Internals
Vane profile from above Vane profile from above
GAS OUTLET
Foam Inhibiting Pack Perforated Baffle Plate 'Interceptor' Plate Pack Perforated Baffle Plate Vane Demisters (in 'V' shaped housing)
Inlet Devices
No Inlet Device!
Requires large nozzle/very low velocities Creates spray, turbulence etc
Dispositivos de Entrada
No Dispositivos de Entrada!
Requiere boquilla grande/muy bajas velocidades Crea pulverizacion, turbulencia etc
Cyclonic inlets
Entrada Ciclonicas
Coalescing Media
Used to enhance separation in high outlet spec. applications Plate Packs
Available in 45 or 60 versions (60 for high solid apps.) Robust construction
Clean-Knit Coalescers
Mesh type coalescer
Structured Packing
Excellent coalescing effect due to large surface area Prone to blockage with solids Use with low fluid velocities only
Coalescencia
Utilizados para mejorar la separacion en aplicaciones de altas especificaciones de entrada. Empaques de platos
Disponible en versiones de 45 o 60 (60 para aplicaciones de alto contenido de solidos.) Construcion fuerte
Coalescedores Clean-Knit
Coalescedor tipo malla
Empaquetado Estructurado
Excellente efecto de coalescencia debido a su gran superficie de area Propenso a bloquearse con solidos Utilizado con bajas velocidades de fluido solamente
Empaques Coalescedores
Empaques de Platos
Platos Interceptores
Clean-Knit
Coalescing Packs
Plate Packs
Interceptor Plates
Clean-Knit
Demisters
Outlet shroud
very simple deflector, low level demisting, no guarantee!
Mesh Pads
reliable, simple design, droplet removal down to 10 micron, good turndown (0%) large area required, can be prone to blockage
Vane demisters
more compact than mesh, droplet removal down to 10 micron, reasonable turndown (~20%), low pressure drop fall off in performance at high pressures
Cyclonic demisters
most compact design, droplet removal to 8-10 micron high pressure drop, poor turndown (~40%)
Extractor de Neblina
Anillo de Salida
Deflector muy simple,extractor de bajo nivel, no garantia!
Malla
Confiable, diseno simple, removedor de gotas hasta 10 micrones, capacidad minima excelente (0%) Requiere gran area, puede ser propenso a bloquearse
Extractores de Veleta
Mas compacto que la malla, removedor de gotas hasta 10 micrones,capacidad minima razonable (~20%), baja caida de presion Disminuye su desempeno a altas presiones at high pressures
Extractores Ciclonicos
Diseno mas compacto, remocion de gotas hasta 8-10 micrones Alta caida de presion, capacidad minima pobre (~40%)
Calculation Methods
Calculate minimum droplet sizes (water in oil, oil in water and gas in oil) which will be 100% separated, using Stokes law
H oil H water
Metodos de calculos
Calcular el tamano minimo de las gotas (agua en petroleo, petroleo en agua y gas en petroleo) el cual sera 100% separado, usando la Ley de Stokes
H oil H water
Stokes Law
d (w o) V F
2
V = settling velocity
F = force of gravity
V is calculated by knowing the height of each phase (Hoil & Hwater) and the horizontal velocity (and hence time in the separation zone). d is then calculated using the equation
Leyes de Stokes
d (w o) V F
2
V = velocidad fija
V es calculata conociendo la altura de cada fase (Hoil & Hwater) y la velocidad horizontal (y el tiempo en la zona de separation). d es entonces usando la ecuacion
F = fuerza de gravedad
Typical performance
<0.1 US gal / MMSCF (13 litres / MMSCM) Gas Carry-under < 1%
Gas
Raw Gas
H2O
Separator
Export Oil
Wet Oil
Additional Heating ?
Treater/ Dehydrator
Solids
Dry Oil
Electrostatic Desalter
Dirty H2O
Water Treating
Gas
Petroleo crudo
Calentador
H2O
Separador
Petroleo
Crudo con agua
Calentamiento Adicional ?
Deshidratador
Crudo Deshid.
Desalter Eelectrostatico
Solidos
H2O
H2O
H2O Sucia
Tratamiento de Agua