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Play Therapy
PION
Play Therapy General
Definition
A form of action therapy that
uses sand play, fairy tales, art,
and puppetry to encourage
communication in children who
have inadequate or immature
verbalization skills or who
verbalize excessively due to
defensiveness.
The Purpose of Play
Therapy
to enable children to indirectly express inner
thoughts, fears, anxieties, and feelings of rage
and guilt
to help children accomplish developmental tasks
through a protected modality in which they can
learn to deal with difficulties in the here and now
(playroom as sanctuary)
to help children reduce anxiety and resolve
conflict
The Process of Play Therapy
Metaphorical expression of
distressing events allows
children to externalize and
fantasize their pain so that
they can more effectively
control it and learn adaptive
ways to cope with it.
Play Therapy
Play is a primary method for working
with children ages 2 -12 because of
limited cognitive development and
limited ability to verbalize thoughts
and feelings, and because it is an
integral part of children’s lives as well
as a natural mode of learning and
relating.
Adlerian Play
Uses techniques to provide
Encouragement
Spontaneous
Voluntary
The Role of Play
Play has no goal, purpose, or task
orientation
Play is a natural way for children to:
Communicate
Actout sensitive material
Gain security (imaginary friend)
Develop self-confidence (mastery)
Dramatic/Reproductive (Realistic)
[4-7]
Themes
are direct
expression
able to express
negative feelings,
but also positive
feelings about same
person
Stages of the Therapeutic
Process
Open and permissive atmosphere for
relationship building, focusing on the feelings
that play behavior evokes, open-ended
questions, developing hypotheses
More directive play, testing hypotheses,
exploration of feelings and behavior - active
probing
Engagement of the child in more systematically
structured play sequences related to the conflict;
use of systematic desensitization
Play Techniques
Play Interview
Counselor interviews child during play
Balloon Bursting in Structured Play
helpsinhibited children become more
assertive
Playhouses
shows home relationships
gives insight into child’s view of ideal home
Play Techniques
Puppets
may be used to talk about difficult issues
a variety of 15-20 puppets recommended