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WHAT IS AN ACTUATOR
One who actuates, or puts into action. A mechanism that puts something into automatic action
Actuators are special gears driven by electric motor. Actuators are used for remote operation for Shut Off / Regulating valves or Dampers.
Can be equipped with switching / signaling devices, for protection, interlocking and indication purposes.
WHY AN ACTUATOR ?
Operation is frequent.
Process linked.
FUNCTIONS OF AN ACTUATOR
Actuators play an important role in automation of process controls in industries. Actuators are required to regulate flow, velocity,draft or pressure of the process fluids.
The type of actuators depends on the power to vary the orifice area in the valve body.
CLASSIFICATION
Rotary / Linear actuator.
Part turn / Multi turn Regulating / Non-regulating
SELECTION OF ACTUATOR
TORQUE REQUIRED TO OPERATE THE VALVE REGULATING / ON OFF DUTY OPERATING TIME STROKE LENGTH PITCH DIAMETER TYPE OF COUPLING TYPE OF MEDIUM TO BE CONTROLLED
ACTUATORS
ELECTRIC
1) Economic 2) Simple Control 3) Reliable for Short period Operation 4) Easy to install 5) Easy to maintain 6) Tight shutoff
A COMPARISON
PNEUMATIC HYDRAULIC
1) Stiff 2) Slow in response 3) Complex 4) Require additional system 5) Difficult to maintain 6) Linear characteristic
1) Precise Positioning Fast Control 2) Easily integrated to control system 3) Basically Linear 4) Lack in Stiffness 5) Lack in reliability
MOTOR
Electric Actuators are equipped with surface cooled, squirrel cage induction motors. 1 Phase or 3 phase motors or DC Motors Class F insulated S2 15 min - ON/OFF duty S4 / S5 25% -1200 cycles / hour rated, Modulating duty. Actuator motors are short time rated; as the high inertia of continuously rated motors will inevitably damage the valves.
MOTORS
Motor Protection
A thermistor embedded in the windings shall directly sense motor temperature and protect against overheating. BMR BiMetal Relays In Motor Control Centre
Limit Switches
Position Limit switches ensure valve
operation within allowable ranges Position Limits should be set every time, any work carried out in actuator, coupling block or valve which results in disturbance in position setting.
Limit Assembly
Torque Switches
Torque switches protect the valve against over torque. Torque setting is done when the actuator is commissioned first and it should not be disturbed . Once the torque switch has tripped in either direction, it can only be reset by operation of the actuator electrically or manually in the opposite direction.
Torque Switches
Internal wiring is tropical grade insulated, standard cable and each wire is number identified in accordance with terminal numbering.
TERMINAL PLAN
M 3~
OT
CT
OL-1
B
CL-1
1 2
3 4
9 10 11 CL-2
12 13 14 15 16
17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
OL-2
POT
WINDING THERMOSWITCH
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
46 47 48
The switch position corresponds to valve in mid position OT- Open torque CT-Close torque OL- Open limit CL- Close limit POT-Potentiometer OL2- Auxiliary Open L/S CL2- Auxiliary Close L/S
ELEC/O&A/AUTOMATICS / TS-II
MECHANICAL PARTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
CENTRE COLUMN WORM SHAFT WORM WHEEL LIMIT DRIVE SHAFT TORQUE SENSING MECHANISM CLUTCH MECHANISM BASE ASSEMBLY DRIVE SLEEVE
1.CENTRE COLUMN
1. CENTRE COLUMN
2 . WORM SHAFT
WORM SHAFT
3 . WORM WHEEL
WORM WHEEL
5 . CLUTCH MECHANISM
CLUTCH
MECHANISM
6 . BASE ASSEMBLY
OR COUPLING BLOCK
TYPE A
TYPE B,C,D,E
DRIVE NUTS
OR STEM NUT
DRIVE SLEEVE
DRIVE SLEEVE
CUT VIEW
CONTROL SCHEME
CONTROL SCHEME
POWER CIRCUIT
CONTROL CIRCUIT
CONTROL CIRCUIT
SWITCH GEAR TROUBLE INDICATION TO UCB
415 V, 3 ,4W, 50 Hz BUS N R 415 V TEST SUPPLY BUS Y B Q F1-F3 14 E20 E60 16 15 F57 E25 F10 v1 2A V1 2A F58 V2 X5 v2 2A E61 E65 90 415/110V E21 T1 01 02
TO CVA PANEL
OPEN COMMAND (FROM UCB) CLOSE COMMAND (FROM UCB)
01
B
24
D
27
F (N) 13 47
30
19
20
21 03 04 05 06
OPEN TEST
07
08
26
29
51
42 39
45
2P3 2P4
46
48
17
98 95
03
96
CLOSE
1S14 1S13
O/L 01
S37
51
K2
54 54 K5
57
56
2P3
58 55
2P4
60
K5 59
37 02
01
K1
39
2P1
K2
2P2
17
37 07 15
1P1 2P1 1P1
K1
K2 31
K1
2P2
K2
1P2
K1
1P2
09
A1 A
19
A
35 23 R H10
02
VALVE IN OPERATION
O/L
K5
A2
K1
B 02
K2
B 02
G H11
02
SWITCHGEAR HEALTHY
R Y B M
02
POWER CIRCUIT
CONTROL TRANSFORMER
STAGE-2 DAMPERS
OLR
SUPERVISION CONTACTOR
TS II / ELEC/ O&A/AUTOMATICS
PAGE : 1/1
LOGIC DIAGRAMS
COMMISSIONING
1 . KEEP THE VALVE IN THE MIDDLE 2 . CHECK THE DOR RECEIVE COMMAND
FROM SWITCHGEAR 3 . CLOSE THE VALVE MANUALLY AND SET THE CLOSE LIMIT. 4 . OPEN THE VALVE MANUALLY AND SET THE OPEN LIMIT 5 . OPERATE THE VALVE FROM UCB. 6 . CHECK FOR LIMIT AND TORQUE SWITCH ACTIONS IN BOTH THE DIRECTIONS, BY ACTUATING THEM.
SELECTION OF AN ACTUATOR
CRITERIA :
OUTPUT TORQUE : KG-M (or) NM OUTPUT SPEED : RPM NORMAL OR REGULATING DUTY OUTPUT TYPE : A,B,C,D,E TORQUE : K. F F- THRUST, K-Depends On Stem Dia,Stem Pitch THRUST F : A.delta P.C+ E Kg
Medium is liquid or Gas Medium Temperature Type of Valve (Parallel Side/Wedge Gate/Globe) E.Gland Friction Allowance Depends on Stem Diameter
25 mm 400 Kg To 51 mm 1100 Kg