Overview

What is ERP?
Enterprise Resource Planning

Definition
Software solution that addresses the enterprise needs taking the process view of an organisation to meet the organisational goals tightly integrating all functions of an enterprise.

Major ERP products in the market

SAP JD Edwards MFG Pro (QAD) Peoplesoft Oracle APPs BAAN

Overview
Why should enterprises go in for ERP?
Real-time information at fingertips Exposure to industry best practices No redundancy/duplication of effort, data Reduced overheads & inventory Speedier response to external entities

Upto-date technology
Integration of business systems across locations Absolute transparency Market image enhancement

Overview
Indicative Market share of leading vendors:

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Types of ERP projects
Implementation Maintenance or Support Development Migration Rollout

Entities in an ERP implementation Client - Core team, Business process owners, helpdesk

Software vendor - SAP

Hardware vendor - IBM Implementation partner - Caritor

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What is SAP?
Systeme, Anwendungen, Produkte in der Datenverarbeitung Systems, Applications & Products in Data Processing (in English)

Snapshot
Largest ERP vendor Founded in 1972 Headquartered at Walldorf, Germany More than 21,600 customers

Presence in more than 120 countries

approx 69,700 installations worldwide around 30,000 employees

Overview
SAP Organization
Entwicklung weltweit Global Research Network SAP Labs centers Service & Support centers
Palo Alto Cambridge Moscow Tokyo Bangalore

Mannheim Walldorf Karlsruhe Sophia Antipolis

http://www.sap.com

SAP AG1999

Overview

Overview
Why SAP?
Solutions tried and tested over 3 decades Maximum investment in R&D among ERP vendors Easily Scalable Compatible with multiple & popular OSs, databases Worldwide 24x7 customer support

Biggest network of hardware, technical & implementation partners

Solutions for all industry sizes User-centric application development

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Offerings
Products of SAP
SAP R/2 SAP R/3

mySAP
Popular Versions

3.1H, 4.0B, 4.6C, 4.7

Overview
Major core modules in SAP
Sales & Distribution Materials Management

Production Planning
Financial Accounting Controlling & Profitability Analysis Human resources Plant Maintenance Quality Management

New Dimension products of SAP

BIW CRM Business One APO Industry Specific Solutions

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Overview
Presentation layer
Transaction by user Presentation of result OS dependent

Application layer
SQL query on database Transfer and formatting of result SAP - ABAP

Database layer
Data store
Oracle, SQL server etc

Overview
Application Link Enabling (ALE)

Headquarters Area

Shipping

IDOCs

Plant

Warehouse

SAP AG 1999

SAP service & support

SAP Service & Support Infrastructure
Customer

SAP
Local

Regional Centers (7x24)

Service Center

Headquarters
Software Factory

Local Support
Training Consulting Regional Support Developmen t Support

Partners
Local Consulting Technology
SAP AG 1999

Regional System Houses Hardware

Central
...

Implementation

SAP service & support

SAP service & support

Online Service through SAPNet

Functions
Customer

SAP

Problem Messages Notes Hot News Online Corrections Service Requests SAP Software Change Registration Training Details Customer Master Data Maintenance
Partner

SAPNet

SAP AG 1999

System-wide concepts

System-wide concepts
Enterprise Structure Terminology
SAP
Enterprise Enterprise

Client
Subsidiary Subsidiary

Company Company

Company Code Plant

Factory Factory Sales Sales Organization Organization Department Department Warehouses Warehouses Division Division Business Business Area Area

Sales Organization Division Storage Locations

SAP AG

System-wide concepts

System-wide concepts
Organizational Structures - Business Functions
Business
Enterprise

Organizational Units
Client

Financial Accounting/ Sales

Company Code 1000

Sales Organization 1000

Cost Accounting

Controlling Area 1000

Production/ Distribution

Plant 1000

Plant 1100

Distribution Channel 10

...
Inventory Management
SAP AG

Storage Location 0001

Storage Location 0002

Storage Location 0003

System-wide concepts

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SAP R/3 system is a client system
The client concept enables the joint operation, in one system, of several enterprises that are independent of each other in business terms. During each user session you can only access the data of the client selected during the logon. A client is, in organizational terms, an independent unit in the R/3 System. Each client has its own data environment and therefore its own master data and transaction data, assigned user master records and charts of accounts, and specific customizing parameters. A user master record linked to the relevant client must be created for users to be able to log on to the system.

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Screen Elements
Command field
Menu Edit Favorites Extras System

Menu bar
Help

Standard toolbar Options Title bar Application toolbar

Overview

System System function function name name : : Activity Activity

Input field

Input field

1s t s elec tion 2nd s elec tion 3rd s elec tion 4th s elec tion 5th s elec tion Dis play Change

Tab
Green light ; pos it iv e Yellow l ight; neutral

Radio button

1s t s elec tion

2nd s elec tion

3rd s elec tion

Checkboxes

This screen is made up of various screen elements. It does not exist in the system.

Execute

Pushbutton
I42 (1) (400) iwdf4042 INS

Message

Status bar

SAP AG1999

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Command field: You can use the command field to go to applications directly by entering the transaction code. Menu bar: The menus shown here depend on which application you are working in. These menus contain cascading menu options. Standard toolbar: The icons in the system function bar are available on all R/3 screens. Any icons that you cannot use on a particular screen are dimmed. If you leave the cursor on an icon for a moment, a small flag will appear with the name (or function) of that icon. You will also see the corresponding function key. The application toolbar shows you which functions are available in the current application. Title bar: The title bar displays your current position and activity in the system. Check boxes: Checkboxes allow you to select several options simultaneously within a group. Radio buttons: Radio buttons allow you to select one option only.

Status bar: The status bar displays information on the current system status, for example, warning and error messages.
A tab provides a clearer overview of several information screens. Options: You can set your font size, list colors, and so on here.

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SAP Easy Access
Standard entry screen displayed after logon. Using the menu path Extras - Set start transaction you can select a transaction of your choice to be the default entry screen after logon. You navigate through the system using a compact tree structure that you can adapt to your own specific requirements. Use the menu path Extras - Settings to change your view of the tree structure. You can use this to display technical names (transaction codes). You can also create a Favorites list of the transactions, reports, files and Web sites you use most. You can add items to your favorites list using the Favorites menu option or by simply dragging & dropping them with the mouse. You can select system functions in the following ways:
Use the mouse to choose Menu options Favorites Other options in the tree structure (tree control)

Use the keyboard (ALT + the underlined letter of the relevant menu option) Enter a transaction code in the command field

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Transaction code
A transaction code (T-Code) is assigned to each function in R/3 You can access the assigned transaction code from any screen in the R/3 System. You can find the transaction code for the function you are working in under the Status option of the System menu. For example, to display Accounts receivable master data, enter /n and the appropriate transaction code (in this case /nfd03). Other possible entries: /n ends the current transaction. /i ends the current session. /osm04 creates a new session and goes to the transaction specified (SM04). You can also use the keyboard to get to the command field. Use the CTRL + TAB key combination to make the cursor move from one (input) field group to the next. Use TAB to move between fields within a group.

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Help
Use F1 for help on fields, menus, functions and messages. F1 help also provides technical information on the relevant field.

Use F4 for information on what values you can enter. You can also access F4 help for a selected field using the button immediately to the right of that field.

The R/3 online Help menu contains the following options:

Application help: Displays comprehensive help on the current application. Selecting this menu option in the initial screen displays help on getting started with R/3. SAP Library: This is where all online documentation can be found. Glossary: Enables you to search for definitions of terms. Release notes: Displays notes which describe functional changes that occur between R/3 releases. SAPNet: Enables you to log on to SAPNet. Feedback: Enables you to send a message to the SAPNet R/3 Frontend, SAPs service system. Settings: Enables you to select settings for help.

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The System menu contains, among others, the following options:
Create/end session: Enables you to create & end sessions. You can work with up to 6 sessions at a time.

User profile: This is where you can enter user-specific settings.

Services: Takes you to important service functions List: Contains important list functions, such as searching for character strings, saving in PC files, printing, etc. Status: Enables you to display important user and system data. Log off: Ends the SAP R/3 session with a confirmation prompt.
Reporting: Starts reports (ABAP programs). Output controller: This is where you manage user-specific print requests. Table maintenance: This is where you process tables and views. Batch input: Administers batch input sessions and data transfer. Jobs: This is where you can administer jobs that are processed in the background. SAP Service: Enables you to log on to SAPs SAPNet R/3 Frontend.

The System Services menu contains, the following options:

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Use the menu option System User profile Own data to set your own personal profile.
Address: You can create and maintain personal data here, Defaults: Defaults include the date display format, the decimal notation format etc. Parameters: Use this to assign entries to commonly-used fields. This is only available for input fields that have been allocated a parameter ID. The User profile menu also contains, among others, the following options:
Use Hold data to keep data values that you have entered in fields in an application for the duration of a user session. When you call up the application again, you can overwrite these values. Once you have Set data, you can no longer overwrite these values and have to use Delete data if you want to enter different values.

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Exercises