Intro1 M13 Postprocessing

Chapter 13
Postprocessing
Chapter 13 - Postprocessing
Overview
There are many ways to review results in the general postprocessor (POST1), some of which have already been covered.
Training Manual
INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1
In this chapter, we will explore two additional methods query picking and path operations and also introduce you to the concepts of results transformation, error estimation, and load case combination.
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A. Query Picking

Training Manual
Query picking allows you to probe the model for stresses, displacements, or other results quantities at any picked location. You can also quickly locate the maximum and minimum values of the item being queried. Available only through the GUI (no commands):
General Postproc > Query Results > Nodal or Element or Subgrid Solu Choose a results quantity and press OK PowerGraphics ON PowerGraphics OFF
Query Picking
Training Manual
Then pick any point in the model to see the results value at that point. Min and Max will show the value at the minimum and maximum points.
Use Reset to clear all values and start over.

Notice that the entity number, its location, and the results value are also shown in the Picker.
Automatically generate text annotation
Query Picking
Demo:

Training Manual
Continue from the last multi-load-step solution of rib.db Plot SEQV for load step 1 Query Nodal Solu SEQV at several locations, including MIN & MAX. (Switch to full graphics if needed.) Switch to PowerGraphics and query Subgrid Solu.
B. Results Coordinate System
Training Manual
All direction-dependent quantities that you view in POST1, such as component stresses, displacements, and reaction forces, are reported in the results coordinate system (RSYS).
RSYS defaults to 0 (global Cartesian). That is, POST1 transforms all results to global Cartesian by default, including results at rotated nodes.
But there are many situations such as pressure vessels and spherical structures where you need to check the results in a cylindrical, spherical, or other local coordinate system.
Results Coordinate System

To change the results CS to a different system, use:
General Postproc > Options for Outp or the RSYS command
Training Manual
All subsequent contour plots, listings, query picks, etc. will report the values in that system.
Default orientation RSYS,0
Local cylindrical system RSYS,11
Global cylindrical system RSYS,1
Results Coordinate System

RSYS,SOLU
Sets the results CS to As calculated.
Training Manual
All subsequent contour plots, listings, query picks, etc. will report the values in the nodal and element coordinate systems. DOF results and reaction forces will be in the nodal CS. Stresses, strains, etc. will be in the element CS. (The orientation of the element CS depends on the element type and the ESYS attribute of the element. Most solid elements, for example, default to global Cartesian.) Not supported by PowerGraphics.
C. Path Operations
Training Manual
Another way to review results is via path operations, which allow you to:
map results data onto an arbitrary path through the model perform mathematical operations along the path, including integration and differentiation display a path plot see how a result item varies along the path
Available only for models containing 2-D or 3-D solid elements or shell elements.
Path Operations
Three steps to produce a path plot:
Define a path Map data onto the path Plot the data 1. Define a Path Requires the following information:
Training Manual
Points defining the path (2 to 1000). You can use existing nodes or locations on the working plane. Path curvature, determined by the active coordinate system (CSYS). A name for the path.
Path Operations
1. Define a Path (contd) First activate the desired coordinate system (CSYS). General Postproc > Path Operations > Define Path > By Nodes or On Working Plane
Training Manual
Pick the nodes or WP locations that form the desired path, and press OK Choose a path name. The nSets and nDiv fields are best left to default in most cases.
From
To
Path Operations
2. Map Data onto Path General Postproc > Path Operations > Map onto Path (or PDEF command)
Training Manual
Choose desired quantity, such as SEQV.

Enter a label for the quantity, to be used on plots and listings. You can now display the path if needed. General Postproc > Path Operations > Plot Paths (or issue /PBC,PATH,1 followed by NPLOT or EPLOT)
Path Operations
3. Plot the Data You can plot path items either on a graph:
Training Manual
PLPATH or General Postproc > Path Operations > Plot Path Item > On Graph or along path geometry: PLPAGM or General Postproc > Path Operations > Plot Path Item > On Geometry
Path Operations
ANSYS allows you to define multiple paths, each with a unique name that you assign. Only one path can be active at a time.
Training Manual
Besides plots and listings, there are many other path capabilities, including:
Stress linearization used in the pressure vessel industry to decompose stress along a path into its membrane and bending components. Calculus functions used in fracture mechanics to calculate J-integrals and stress concentration factors. Also useful in thermal analyses to calculate the heat lost or gained across a path. Dot products and cross products used widely in electromagnetics analyses to operate on vector quantities.
Path Operations
Demo:

Training Manual
Continue with rib postprocessing Plot nodes, then switch to CSYS,1 if desired Define a path using nodes Map SX or SEQV or other data onto path Plot the path itself Plot the path item on graph and on geometry Define a second path elsewhere in the model and show how to toggle between the two.
Chapter 13 Postprocessing
D. Error Estimation

Training Manual
The finite element solution calculates stresses on a per-element basis, i.e, stresses are individually calculated in each element. When you plot nodal stress contours in POST1, however, you will see smooth contours because the stresses are averaged at the nodes. If you plot the element solution, you will see unaveraged data, which shows the discontinuity between elements.
The difference between averaged and unaveraged stresses gives an indication of how good or how bad the mesh is. This is the basis for error estimation.
savg = 1100 s = 1000 Elem 1 s = 1100 s = 1200 Elem 2 s = 1300
savg = 1200
Error Estimation
linear static structural and linear steady-state thermal analyses solid elements (2-D and 3-D) and shell elements Full Graphics (not PowerGraphics)
Training Manual
Error estimation is available only in POST1 and is valid only for:
If these conditions are not met, ANSYS automatically turns off error estimation calculations. To manually activate or deactivate error estimation, use
ERNORM,ON/OFF or General Postproc > Options for Outp
Error Estimation
POST1 calculates the following error measures.
Stress analysis: percentage error in energy norm (SEPC) element stress deviations (SDSG) element energy error (SERR) maximum and minimum stress bounds (SMXB, SMNB) Thermal analysis: percentage error in energy norm (TEPC) element thermal gradient deviations (TDSG) element energy error (TERR)
Training Manual
Error Estimation
Percentage error in energy norm (SEPC) SEPC is a rough estimate of the stress error (or displacement, temperature, or thermal flux) over the entire set of selected elements. Can be used to compare similar models of similar structures subjected to similar loadings.
Training Manual
SEPC is shown in the legend column of deformed shape displays. You can list it manually using PRERR or General Postproc > List Results > Percent Error.
Error Estimation
As a general rule of thumb, look for SEPC to be 10% or less. If it is higher, then:
Check for point loads or other stress singularities and unselect elements in the vicinity. If it is still higher, plot the element energy error. The elements with high values of energy error are candidates for mesh refinement.
SEPC = 35.149
Training Manual
SEPC = 3.484
Error Estimation
Element energy error (SERR)
Training Manual
SERR is the energy associated with the stress mismatches at the nodes of the element. This is the basic error measure from which the other error quantities are derived. SERR has units of energy. To plot SERR contours, issue PLESOL,SERR or General Postproc > Plot Results > Contour Plot > Element Solu
Generally, the elements with the highest SERR are candidates for mesh refinement. However, since SERR will always be highest at stress singularities, be sure to unselect those elements first.
Error Estimation
Training Manual
Caution: If you dont unselect elements near stress singularities, the stress bounds are meaningless, as shown below.
SMXB = 15,750
SMXB = 6,401
F. Workshops
Refer to your Workshop Supplement for instructions: W13A. Connecting Rod W13B. Spherical Shell W13C. Axisymmetric Fin with Multiple Load Steps
Training Manual
G. Results Viewer
The Results Viewer is a specialized postprocessing menu and graphic system.
Fast graphics for large models or models that have many time steps Easy to use menu system for quick results viewing
Training Manual
Results Viewer
Can be created two different ways
Use the POUTRES command before solving to write a jobname.pgr file during solution. Main Menu > Solution > Load Step Opts > Output Ctrls > PGR File
Training Manual
Hold CTRL key for multiple selection
Results Viewer
Use the PGWRITE command after solution to write a jobname.pgr file. General Postproc > Write PGR File
Training Manual
Results Viewer
Open the Results Viewer from the General Post Processor.
Training Manual
Results Viewer
Nodal/element/vector/trace results plots Time History Variable Viewer Animate using PNG files Element Plot Report Image Capture Report Animation Capture
Training Manual
Report Listing Capture Report Table Capture
Raise Hidden
Results Set Locator Query Results
Time
Substep
Load Step
Report Generation Mode Image Capture
List Results
Results Viewer
The graphics window becomes Context Sensitive.
Training Manual
Context-sensitive graphics window
Right Click on Model
Results Viewer
Training Manual
Right Click on Contour Legend
Results Viewer
Training Manual
Right Click on Contour Bar

Chapter 13 Postprocessing
H. Variable Viewer

Training Manual
The Variable Viewer is a specialized tool allowing one to postprocess results with respect to time. The Variable Viewer can be started by:
Simply opening the Time History Postprocessor, or Main Menu > TimeHist Postproc > Variable Viewer
Variable Viewer
1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Training Manual
Add variable button Delete variable button Graph variable button
11
3 4 5
List variable button

Properties button Import data button Export data button Export data type Clear Time History Data Refresh Time History Data
12
6 7 8
13
14 15 16
9
10
11
12 13 17
Real/Imaginary Components Variable list Variable name input area
14 Expression input area 15 Defined APDL variables 16 Defined Post26 variables 17 Calculator
Variable Viewer
Training Manual
k = 36kN/m
100kg x k = 36kN/m 25kg y F

4000 N , t 0 F 0, t 0
I. Report Generator
A time consuming part of any analysis is documenting the model and results. This procedure has been partially automated through the implementation of the ANSYS Report Generator. The Report Generator allows the user to quickly capture pictures, listings, tables, and other pertinent information. It also facilitates the creation of an HTML formatted file ready to be distributed to colleagues or posted to a web site.
Training Manual
Report Generator
Launching the Report Generator will shrink the graphics window and set the background to white.
Training Manual
The Capture Tool will be opened allowing the user to grab plots, listings, and tables.
Utility Menu> File> Report Generator
or
~eui,euidl::report::toolbar::create
or
Select
on the Icon Toolbar.
Capture Tool
Report Generator
Capture Tool
Training Manual
Animation Capture
(multiple PNG files)
Table Capture
Image Capture
(single PNG file)
Settings
The Log File records all captures!

Listing Capture
HTML Report Assembler
Report Generator
HTML Assembler . . . A tool that allows quick organization of ANSYS graphics, tables, listings . Log file can be used as an HTML template.
utilize parameter substitution
Training Manual
The generated HTML file can be used with Netscape Composer, Microsoft FrontPage, or any other HTML editor to finalize the report.
Report Generator
Insert TEXT Insert any HTML FILE
possibly created outside ANSYS
Training Manual
Insert an IMAGE
possibly one from an external source like a digital photo
Insert DYNAMIC DATA

information specific to your current ANSYS run like version, run time, etc.
Insert a Report Heading

Including your name, analysis title, date, and company name
Report Generator
Insert information grabbed using the Capture Tool Report Images
Contour plots, element plots, volume plots, graphs
Training Manual
Report Tables
Material properties, reaction forces, etc.
Report Lists
Stress along a path, constraints, etc.
Report Generator
Preview the report Delete sections of the report
Training Manual
Move sections of the report up or down
Report Generator
Training Manual
J. Workshops
Refer to your Workshop Supplement for instructions: W13D. Results Viewer W13E. Report Generator
Training Manual

Intro1 M13 Postprocessing

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Chapter 13

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

Use Reset to clear all values and start over.

Automatically generate text annotation

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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B. Results Coordinate System

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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Results Coordinate System

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

Default orientation RSYS,0

Local cylindrical system RSYS,11

Global cylindrical system RSYS,1

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Results Coordinate System

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

Choose desired quantity, such as SEQV.

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

savg = 1100 s = 1000 Elem 1 s = 1100 s = 1200 Elem 2 s = 1300

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

Error estimation is available only in POST1 and is valid only for:

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

Hold CTRL key for multiple selection

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INTRODUCTION TO ANSYS - Part 1

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