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Outline
Introduction Basics of Crosstalk
Noise and Delay Effects Timing Effects
Crosstalk Analysis
VLSI Design Flow Crosstalk Analysis Requirements Crosstalk Analysis Flow
Introduction
Moores Law
This law had been quite practical from the time the first 4-bit microprocessor was introduced to the current days of Pentium processors.
Only possible by reducing the feature sizes of the CMOS Integrated Circuit. Feature sizes have moved from few micrometers to few nanometers. Very Deep Sub-Micron (VDSM) design phase.
below the feature sizes of 0.25mm (micrometer) fall into this category.
Challenges
Signal Integrity Issues
Crosstalk Delay Crosstalk Noise Ringing & Ground bounce IR (voltage) drop in power lines Electro-migration Manufacturing-related issues that if not addressed can lead to chip failure
According to the research conducted by Collett International Research Inc., in the year 2000, one in five chips fail because of the signal integrity issue
Basics of Crosstalk
Important Terms
Aggressor Victim
Types
Inductive Crosstalk Electrostatic Crosstalk
Crosstalk Analysis
Crosstalk Analysis
Traditional VLSI Design Flow
Crosstalk Analysis
Traditional VLSI Design Flow Crosstalk Analysis Requirements
Static Timing Analysis with PrimeTime using the SDFs generated. Step - 3
Filtering of the crosstalk delay violations.
Step 4
These are inputs to the extraction tool Signal Parasitic Exchange Format (SPEF) file stores the RC parasitic info of all wires in the design. Crosstalk Delay Compensation for delay calculation.
Scale factors
In coupling compensation, the distributed RC network along with coupling capacitances are first converted into an equivalent, lumped RC network. Multiplying the coupling capacitance with a dynamic scale factor performs the conversion.
Filter Violations
Splitting the Long Aggressor and Victim Wires and Bus Shielding
The coupling capacitance caused by the aggressor is proportional to the length of the wire. The long interconnect wires can be carefully broken into multiple wires by inserting repeaters. The long interconnect bus signals between blocks can be shielded by Ground (VSS) wires on both sides of the bus, known as bus shielding.
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