NON-CONTACT TEMPERATURE DEVICES

Pyrometer
From a Greek word pyro which means fire meter which means to measure

Used for measuring high temperatures and where contact with the object is not possible

Types of pyrometers

Infrared Pyrometer

Optical Pyrometer

Acoustic Pyrometer

INFRARED PYROMETER

INFRARED PYROMETER

Basis of Operation
Any object with a temperature above absolute zero will radiate electromagnetic energy. Infrared pyrometers measure the amount of energy radiated from an object in order to determine its temperature.

INFRARED PYROMETER

Different types of infrared pyrometers

Total radiation- This type of radiation thermometer measures all the
energy, over a broad spectrum, emitted by the object.

Single wavelength- Measures the magnitude of radiation at one

wavelength. This optimizes the accuracy of the device by selecting the wavelength best suited to the object being measured. This type of measurement provides good accuracy provided that the emissivity is known.

Dual wavelength- When the emissivity is low and hard to measure, or

even variable, accuracy and reliability can be improved with a dual wavelength sensor. This type measures the magnitude of two wavelengths at the same time. The temperature is calculated from the two readings.

INFRARED PYROMETER
Advantages
- Non contact measurement - High temperature sensing - Remote sensing - Fast response and can sense objects in motion - Sense small or area target

Disadvantages
- Expensive - Non-linear response - Subject to emissivity of material - Require wide range of operation

INFRARED PYROMETER
Application and Limitations
Relies on thermal radiation leaving the material being measured.

The accuracy is affected by reflections, presence of gases in the radiation path and the surface emissivity of the object.
The surface emissivity can vary with wavelength, temperature and also the chemical composition of the object being measured.

Automation

Dual and Multi Wavelength Industrial Infrared Scanner

Automation
Lowest Measured: 0 F / 35 C Highest Measured Temperature: 4500 F / 2500 C

Line Scanners

OPTICAL PYROMETER

OPTICAL PYROMETER
BASIS OF OPERATION Brightness comparison is made to measure the temperature. As a measure of the reference temperature, a color change with the growth in temperature is taken. The reference temperature is produced by a lamp whose brightness can be adjusted till its intensity becomes equal to the brightness of the source object. For an object, its light intensity always depends on the temperature of the object, whatever may be its wavelength. After adjusting the temperature, the current passing through it is measured using a multimeter, as its value will be proportional to the temperature of the source when calibrated.

OPTICAL PYROMETER

Here you can see the first patent of disappearingfilament optical pyrometer granted to Morse in 1899.

OPTICAL PYROMETER
Advantages
Simple assembling of the device enables easy use of it. Provides a very high accuracy with +/-5 degree Celsius.

Disadvantages
As the measurement is based on the light intensity, the device can be used only in applications with a minimum temperature of 700 degree Celsius.
The device is not useful for obtaining continuous values of temperatures at small intervals.

There is no need of any direct body contact between the optical pyrometer and the object. The device can be used for remote sensing.
Can also be used to see the heat produced by the object/source.

OPTICAL PYROMETER

Applications
Used to measure temperatures of liquid metals or highly heated materials. Can be used to measure furnace temperatures.

ACOUSTIC PYROMETER

Acoustic pyrometer
Basis of Operation The speed of sound in a gas is dependent on the nature of the gas and its temperature. The time of flight is used, and since the distance between points is known it is possible to measure any change in conditions. This principle is adapted for liquid and solid temperature m.easurement also

Acoustic pyrometer

Acoustic pyrometer

Acoustic Signal Generator

Signal Receiver

Acoustic pyrometer

Single Path Measurement

Multi-path Measurement

Zonal Mapping System

AUTOMATION