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Timeline
Draw a timeline of your life. List 810 events on the time line.
On your handout, write one sentence that reflects SIMPLE PRESENT: something you do often, sometimes, never, seldom
Snow falls in the December in Minnesota. Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
She is typing a paper for her class. He cant talk. He is fixing the sink right now. On your handout, write one sentence that reflects PRESENT CONTINUOUS: something that is occurring right now.
I visited my sister yesterday. We went out to dinner last night. On your handout, write one sentence that reflects SIMPLE PAST: something you did in the past that is now completed (over, done).
I attended MJC in 1998. (I no longer attend MJC.) I saw a movie every weekend when I was a teenager. (I dont see movies very much anymore.)
I was taking a bath when the doorbell rang. They were eating dinner when the neighbors stopped by for a visit.
I was studying for an exam while my mother was cooking dinner. We were walking in the park around 7 p.m. last night. On your handout, write one sentence that reflects PAST CONTINUOUS tense.
He has lived in Modesto for two years. (He began living in Modesto two years ago and he still lives there.)
I have seen that movie before. He has already visited Vietnam. (Specific dates and times are not mentioned.) On your handout, write one sentence that reflects PRESENT PERFECT tense.
2.
3. 4. 5.
I __________ went to Mexico in 2002. (go) I __________ deep sea diving a few have gone times (go). has studied The drummer in the band __________ percussions since he was five. (study) It __________ the jury two hours to took reach their verdict yesterday. Washington, D.C., _____________ the has been capital of our country for many years. (be)
He has been studying grammar for an hour. She has been cooking all day. (He is still studying and she is still cooking.)
She has been living in Taiwan for the last two months, but she plans to move soon.
Formed by adding has/have before the verb and ed to the REGULAR verb
The Titanic had received many warnings before it hit the iceberg. I had already eaten when my friend stopped by to visit.
Formed by adding has/have + be verb(been) before the verb and ing to the verb
She had been driving around the city for three hours before she finally found the right office.
The Future
Will and be + going + to are often used to describe future actions.
The Future
The simple present and present continuous are also used to express future time. These are often used used in connection with schedules.
She is meeting a new client at eleven oclock. The train leaves at 6:00 a.m. tomorrow.
I will be teaching ESL 40 at 10 a.m. tomorrow. They will be moving their furniture out of the house by the time you arrive tomorrow.
We will have finished the exam by the time class ends tomorrow.
By the time he finishes law school, we will have been living in the U.S. for eight years.
will buy Dad will tell us tonight if he ____________ a new car next month.
6.
The customer demanded to see the manager. He was angry because every jacket he tries on has something wrong with it. A button was missing on the first, the lining did not hang properly on the second, and the collar had a stain on the third.
Present tense
Past tense
The customer demanded to see the manager. He was angry because every jacket he tried on had something wrong with it. A button was missing on the first, the lining did not hang properly on the second, and the collar had a stain on the third.
Correcting Shifts
Ex 4, pg 224 Charles dickens was a nineteenth-century author whose work is well known today. One of the reasons Dickens remains remained so popular is that so many of his stories are available not only as books but also as movies, plays, and television productions. We all know knew from our childhood the famous story of uncle Scrooge and Tiny Tim.
(pg 225)
committee.
In general, choose the active voice to achieve direct, economical, and forceful writing. Most writing should be in the active voice.
Choose the passive voice to deemphasize the actor or to avoid naming the actor altogether.
meals Subject acted upon + The The books race have are Verb to be + was been cooked illustrated past participle + won (by by phrase (optional) (by the the chef) artists) runner)
Exercise 6, pg 226
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.
The wrong number dialed (by child dialed thewas wrong number. the child). The sweater was very crocheted very My grandmother carefully carefully (by grandmother). crocheted themy sweater. The tornado Cherry Cherry Creekstruck was struck byCreek a last spring. tornado last year. The leaves wind blew the leaves across The were blown across the the yard. yard (by the wind). In the the seventies, seventies, many platform shoes In fashionable were worn many fashionable young men by and women wore young men and women). platform shoes.
Subjunctive mood
Indicative expresses fact Imperative expresses command Subjunctive expresses conditions contrary to fact or expresses urgency/demand:
If I were you, I would drive home on Sunday. I insist that he drive home on Sunday.
Do not use more than one can, may, might, should, ought Do not follow with of (not should of, but should have)
Can/could; will/would
Could as the past tense of can Would as the past tense of will.
Do not omit the final d in the phrases to walking. I am used use to We are suppose to meet him for supposed to dinner.