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What is Technology?
Systematic application of scientific or other organized knowledge to practical tasks
The important feature of technology is its change and then more change.
Technological impacts are wide spread, reaching far beyond the immediate point of technological impact.
Impact of technology
1. Increased Productivity
The most fundamental effect of technology is greater productivity in terms of both quality and quantity.
As a result of productivity, prices of some products decline, which spreads the beneficial economic effects of technology throughout the whole social system.
To gain competitive edge and market share in the global market, technological advancement is necessary. To achieve technological advancement company has to spend on the R&D by introducing new innovations.
A job handled by an illiterate and unskilled workers, requires services of an expert, educated and competent engineers. Introduction of new technology dislocates some workers unless they are well-equipped to work on new machines.
Helps in widening the market with in the country and outside the country.
7. Social Change
There is the change in social life which results from a change in a technological process.
8. System Complexity
Technology has resulted in system complexity. Modern machines work better and faster, but of they fail, they need services of experts to repair. Technological system is interdependent system. Failure of any other variables create system complexity.
Fear of loosing job, increased work load, makes people to resist the technological change.
India currently spends about 0.8% of GDP on R&D , science and technological policy.
Target to rise this expenditure to 2% by the year 2007.
There is also the Department of Science and Technology, an administrative wing of the Govt. to coordinate the activities of all research and technical activities in the country.
The country has state sponsored institutional arrangement for the development of science and technology in diverse areas of the economy. They are
Technology policy
Technology must suit local needs and to make an impact on the lives of ordinary citizens.
It must give importance to even small improvements which could make better and more cost effective uses of existing materials and the methods of work.
The quality and efficiency of the technology generation and delivery system will be continuously monitored and upgraded.
In the acquisition of technology, consideration will be given to the choice and sources of technology, costs and related conditions. A National Registry on foreign collaboration will be developed to provide analytical inputs at various stages of technological acquisition.
Providing functional autonomy and freedom at all academic and R&D institutions.
Accomplishing national strategy and security related objectives using the latest technology.
Strategic Point
Strengthening measures to increase the rate of generation of high quality skilled technical manpower at various levels. Establishing new funding mechanisms for promoting basic science research.
Strategic Point
Making arrangements and creating facilities for developing indigenous knowledge for wealth and employment generation. strengthening institutions. S&T infrastructure in academic
Policy decided to spend 0.8% on R&D and science and technology related activities.
decided to increase this amount to 2% by 2007.