English Word Formation

By: Mohammad Fadil

English Lecturer, Jember University Language Centre

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran))

NOUN + ...ful = ADJECTIVE (meaning: full of, having) NOUN + ...less = ADJECTIVE (meaning: without)

NOUN

...ful (ADJECTIVE) careful artful colorful successful wonderful beautiful -

...less (ADJECTIVE) careless artless colorless priceless countless wireless

care
art color

success
wonder beauty price count wire

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

COUNT NOUN + hood = NONCOUNT ABSTRACT NOUN
NOUN ...hood (ABSTRACT NOUN)

adult

adulthood brotherhood childhood neighborhood

brother
child neighbor

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

COUNT NOUN + ship = NONCOUNT ABSTRACT NOUN NOUN ...ship (ABSTRACT NOUN)

leader

leadership friendship fellowship relationship membership

friend
fellow relation member

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

ADJECTIVE + ness = NONCOUNT ABSTRACT NOUN
ADJECTIVE ...ness (ABSTRACT NOUN)

kind

kindness appropriateness politeness weakness seriousness

appropriate
polite weak serious

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

ADJECTIVE + ity = ABSTRACT NOUN
ADJECTIVE ...ity (ABSTRACT NOUN)

able

ability activity loyalty accessibility legality

active
loyal accessible legal

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

VERB + tion (sion) = NOUN
VERB ...tion(sion) (NOUN)

abort

abortion distribution promotion admission construction

distribute
promote admit construct

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

VERB + er = NOUN
VERB ...er (NOUN)

announce

announcer blender lender publisher converter

blend
lend publish convert

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

VERB + or = NOUN
VERB ...or (NOUN)

distribute

distributor contractor connector motivator creator

contract
connect motivate create

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

VERB + ment = NOUN
VERB ...ment (NOUN)

develop

development announcement management arrangement settlement

announce
manage arrange settle

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

VERB + able (...ible) = ADJECTIVE
VERB ...able(ible) (ADJECTIVE)

accept

acceptable accessible accountable debatable readable

access
account debate read

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

VERB + ive (ative) = ADJECTIVE
VERB ...ive(ative) (ADJECTIVE)

act

active creative attractive offensive permissive

create
attract offend permit

A. Suffixes (Ind: Akhiran)

ADJECTIVE + ly = ADVERB
ADJECTIVE ...ly (ADVERB)

absolute

absolutely certainly frequently creatively offensively

certain
frequent creative offensive

B. Prefixes (Ind: Awalan)

UnMeaning: the opposite of, the absence of, not Added to: adjectives and participles

Unable

unable unavailable unreadable unseen unborn

available
readable seen born

B. Prefixes (Ind: Awalan)

NonMeaning: not Added to: nouns, adjectives, adverbs

Nonsmoker

nonsmoker nonconformist nonperishable non-economic nontrivially

conformist
perishable economic trivially

B. Prefixes (Ind: Awalan)

InIM, IR, IL Meaning: not Added to: adjectives

Inlogical

Illogical Immovable Irresponsible Irrational Impolite

movable
responsible rational polite