ANATOMI REPRODUKSI

WANITA

ALIA ANDRIANY

S2 BIOMEDIK FISIOLOGI
PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
UNHAS
 Female reproductive system
The female reproductive
organs, or genitalia, are divided
into external and internal
organs.
External genitalia (vulva)
The external genitalia are
known collectively as the
vulva
It consists of the mons pubic,
labia majora and labia minora,
the clitoris, the vaginal orifice,
the vestibule, and breasts
 Labia majora
 These are the two large folds
forming the boundary of the
vulva.
 They are composed of skin,
fibrous tissue and fat and
contain large numbers of
sebaceous glands.
 Anteriorly the folds join in front
of the symphysis pubis, and
posteriorly they merge with the
skin of the perineum.
 At puberty, hair grows on the
mons pubis and on the lateral
surfaces of the labia majora.
 Labia minora
These are two smaller
folds of skin between the
labia majora, containing
numerous sebaceous
glands.
The cleft between the
labia minora is the
vestibule.
– covered with smooth,
hairless skin
 Clitoris

The clitoris
corresponds to the
penis in the male
and contains
sensory nerve
endings and erectile
tissue.
 Hymen
The hymen is a thin
layer of mucous
membrane that
partially occludes the
opening of the vagina.
It is normally
incomplete to allow
for passage of
menstrual flow.
 Vestibule & Vestibular glands

The vagina, urethra and ducts of the

greater vestibular glands open into the
vestibule.
The vestibular glands (Bartholin's
glands) are situated one on each side near
the vaginal opening
They secrete mucus that keeps the vulva
moist.
 Perineum
The perineum is the area
extending from the base of
the labia minora to the
anal canal.
It is roughly triangular
and consists of connective
tissue, muscle and fat.
• An episiotomy is an incision
of the perinium used during
childbirth for widening the
vaginal opening
PERINEUM

UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 10
 BREAST
• Organs of sexual arousal
• Contain mammary glands
• Each breast contain 15-25
clusters called lobes
• Each lobule is connected by
ducts that open into the
nipples
• The nipples are made up of
erectile tissue
• The pigmented around the
nipples are called the areola
22-48
 Organs of Female Reproductive System

• Ovaries
• Fallopian tubes
• Uterus
• Vagina
The Ovaries
 OVARIES
• The female gonads or sex glands
• They develop and expel an ovum each month
• A woman is born with approximately 400,000 immature
eggs called follicles
• During a lifetime a woman release @ 400 to 500 fully
matured eggs for fertilization
• The follicles in the ovaries produce the female sex
hormones, progesterone and estrogen
• These hormones prepare the uterus for implantation of the
fertilized egg
UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 15
Oogenesis
OOGENESIS
• Also called ovum production
• Begins before birth
• Accelerates at puberty
• Ends at menopause
VIDEO
 UTERINE TUBE
• Serve as a pathway for the ovum to the uterus
• Are the site of fertilization by the male sperm
• Often referred to as the oviducts or uterine tubes
• Fertilized egg takes approximately 6 to 10 days to
travel through the fallopian tube to implant in the
uterine lining

UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 19
 The uterus is a hollow muscular
pear-shaped organ, flattened
Uterus
anteroposteriorly.
 It lies in the pelvic cavity
between the urinary bladder and
the rectum.
When the body is upright, the
uterus lies in an almost
horizontal position.
It is about 7.5 cm long, 5 cm
wide and its walls are about 2.5
cm thick. It weighs from 30 to
40 grams.
The parts of the uterus are the
fundus, body and cervix:
 VAGINA
• The vagina connects the cervix to the external genitals
• It is located between the bladder and rectum
• It functions :
• As a passageway for the menstrual flow
• For uterine secretions to pass down through the introitus
• As the birth canal during labor
• With the help of two Bartholin’s glands becomes
lubricated during SI

UNIT 3: FEMALE
REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM 23
 Response Sexual Cycle

• Excitement phase
• Plateau Phase
• Orgasm Phase
• Resolution Phase
Master & Johnson
Female Sexual Response Cycle
Erection of Clitoris
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.6a Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.6b Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.6c Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.6d Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.6e Major changes in the external female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.7a Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.7b Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.7c Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.7d Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.7e Major changes in the internal female genitals during the sexual response
cycle.
 Sexual Response (cont.)

Fig. 6.8 Changes in the breasts during the sexual response cycle.
 Some general physiologic
responses
• Blood pressure: elevation of 30-80 mm Hg
• Heart rate: elevation to 110-180/min
• Vasocongestion (both skin and deep tissues)
• Respiration: elevation to over 40/min
• Anal sphincter contractions
• Muscle contractions (esp. hands and feet)
Orgasm
THANKS FOR THE
ATTENTION