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Oscillators
How do we produce ac? One way is using oscillators, which are circuits that convert dc to ac.
Three common types of sine wave oscillators are phase-shift, twin T , and Wien-bridge oscillators
Barkhausen criteria:
The overall gain of the oscillator must be unity or greater. Therefore, losses must be compensated for by an amplifying device.
The overall phase shift (from input to output and back to the input) must be zero.
Wien-bridge oscillator
For generating sinusoids in the frequency range below1 MHz
Wien-bridge oscillator
Wien-bridge oscillator
In order to satisfy the first Barkhausen criterion, the op amp must compensate by providing a gain of 3 or greater so that the overall gain is at least 1 or unity.
Assignment I - 1
Assignment I - 2
Assignment I - 3