Temperature Effects on Parallel Cascaded Silica Based Microring Resonator

Fakhrurrozi, Subekti Ari S., Octarina Nur S., Ary Syahriar

Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Al Azhar Indonesia

INTRODUCTION
Abstract
This paper investigate about the characteristic of microring resonator and specifically about the temperature effect on the cascaded parallel microring resonator.
The wavelength range used in this simulation was on C-Band between 1530-1565 m. The simulated temperature are varied between 28oC to 500oC. The increased temperature will affect to the shifting of resonance wavelength.
.

Background
Basic configuration of MR consists of a straight waveguide and a ring resonator. MR devices can be assembled by a single ring or multiple rings in a serial or parallel configuration.
This paper simulates and discuss about the temperature effect on cascaded parallel MR. This research aims to simulate the effect of temperature changing on the data transmission in MR.

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THEORY AND METHODS

Microring Resonator
Et2 = jEi1 Kt + Ei2 t 1 = |1 |2 = (1 )2
( )2

(2b) (3)

Figure below is the transmission power of MR from equation (3) and this is a single MR.
Transmission Power 1 0.9 0.8 0.7
Intensity

0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1.53 1.535 1.54 1.545 1.55 Wavelength (um) 1.555 1.56 1.565 x 10
-6

The illustrates the basic configuration of MR. Various kinds of losses occurred along the propagation of light in the MR filter are incorporated in the attenuation constant; the interaction can be described by the matrix relation:
1 1 = 2 2 (1)

Et1 = Ei1 t + jEi2 K

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(2a)

Cascaded-Parallel

L should vary like one other parameter. In addition to allowing precise phase relationship, the distance should be set to be large enough to avoid direct interaction between the ring with other rings.
Ei2 = Et2 exp ( 2 )

(4)

The transmission amplitude of an optical MR for cascaded parallel as follows: The parallel configuration of MR. MR parallel configuration offers more flexibility to the manufacturing process compared with other configurations. In the parallel configuration, value of L also determines the response filter and L being the circumference of the ring.
1 1

2 1 2 ( ) 2

( )

(5)

The power for the transmission of cascaded parallel MR is obtained (6):

= | 1 |2 =
1

2 + 2 2 2 2 () 12 2 + 4 2

(6)

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RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Sellmeier Equation
1.4705 1.47 1.4695 1.469
refractive index

1.4685 1.468 1.4675 1.467 1.4665 1.466 1.4655 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Temperature [celcius] 350 400 450 500

The variation of the refractive index with the temperature at constant pressure is called the thermo optic coefficient. The analysis of thermo optic coefficient are essential to characteristic the temperature dependent nonlinear optical devices, the optical fiber communications system, semiconductor technology and the ultrafast femstone technology.

The sellmeier coefficient at any temperature T are computed from the room temperature sellmeier equation and the smoothed dn/dt or C values by calculating refractive index from the relations:

= + 0

(7)

The temperature affects the value of refractive index. The higher the value of refractive index with the increase in temperature occurs.

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Temperature Effect on Cascaded-Parallel MR

The transmission power as a function of wavelength in MR with radius of core R (Cascade Parallel.
In thermo optic base on cascaded parallel MR, structure and assume that only two ring cavity is warming, the parameters that determine the resonance wavelength is teta ().
Cascaded Parallel Microring Resonator 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6
Power

Temp. Effect between T 0, T1, T2 and T3 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6

Power

T0=28 celcius (room temp) Tmax=500 celcius

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1.53 1.535 1.54 1.545 1.55 Wavelength (um) 1.555 1.56 1.565 x 10
-6

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1.53 1.535 1.54 1.545 1.55 Wavelength (um) 1.555 1.56 1.565 x 10
-6

The comparison between room temperature (T0=28o Celcius) and high temperature (Tmax=500o Celcius).

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MR with the other temperature and comparison of with each temperature

The simulation of temperature effect of cascaded-parallel MR with comparison of three temperatures used in the parallel coupled MR, from 28o Celcius up to 500o Celcius
Dlambda
Temp. Effect between T 0, T1, T2 and T3 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6
Power

1.544 1.5435 1.543 1.5425 1.542 1.5415 1.541

x 10

-6

Temp. vs Dlambda T1=150 celcius T2=325 celcius T3=500 celcius

T0=28 celcius (room temp) T1=150 celcius T2=325 celcius T3=500 celcius

1.5405 1.54 1.5395 1.539 50 100 150 200 250 300 Temperature 350 400 450 500

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 1.53 1.535 1.54 1.545 1.55 Wavelength (um) 1.555 1.56 1.565 x 10
-6

The simulation result using difference between T1= 150o Celcius, T2= 325o Celcius and T3= 500o Celcius. Maximum temperature 500o Celcius with wavelength 1.542 m shift up to 1.544 m.

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CONCLUSION

Distance between the first ring and the next has to be adjusted appropriately because this will cause interference or coupling in the transmission process. Wavelength shift caused by the temperature changing in parallel cascaded MR is not significant. The shift is occurred in a few wavelengths. Although the optical communication system using light as the transmission, which use temperature is not too high, because the high temperatures may result in damage to optical devices.
Temperature effect on the ring that has been heated MR has been demonstrated in the simulation study. When it rings in the heating, the propagation constant in the ring will change as well. This condition causes the difference in the resonance wavelength than like before, when using room temperature (T0). Because of rising temperatures, the caused a shift in the resonance wavelength. In this study indicate that increased temperature 500o given in two rings (parallel cascaded) together yield 0.005 m.

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REFERENCE

Tan Freddy, Integrated Optical Filters Based On Microring, Enschede, Netherlands, 2004. Heryana Amri, Thermo-Optic Effect on Silica Based Microring Resonator (MRR), Jakarta, 2011. Paschotta Rudiger, Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology. (Wikipedia, viewed on December, 20 2012). Dominik G. Rabus, Integrated Ring Resonator. Springer, Berlin, pp. 3-8, 2007. Heryana Amri, Characterization Analysis on Silica Microring Resonator, Jakarta, pp. 52-66, 2011.

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THANK YOU

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