BY: MUHAMMAD IZZUDDIN BIN ISMAIL STUDENT ID: 2010374931

TO :

DR. MASRIA MUSTAFA

1.

INTRODUCTION i. Problem Statement ii. Scope of Study iii. Objective

2.

LITERATURE REVIEW i. Gap of Researches ii. Theoretical Background METHODOLOGY

EXPECTED OUTCOME

3.
4.

5.

REFERENCES

Introduction
The aging of the road Highway sector is infrastructures categorized as one of the most and the increases in traffic volumes conservative have pushed the segment of the transportation construction sector to build industry in more efficient Malaysia highways in recent years. While pressures to expedite highway construction increase, the public also reasonably expects high quality new roads to withstand decades of highway activity.
The mind sets of the construction engineers have to pursue innovative in construction methods that would allow the work to be completed in a quality manner and in a timeframe that will have a minimal impact on the travelling public.

From the combustion of coal, coal bottom ash produced is not utilized and discarded without generating any profit.

Rutting is indeed one of the types of pavement distress that is very common in highway or ordinary road, whether in Malaysia or any other place around the world.

Problem Statement
With the use of these materials, it is expected that environmental waste problem can be overcome as well as road construction costs can be reduced. Evaluation of rut resistance on ACW14 using bottom coal ash as additives is carried out to determine the effectiveness of a pavement.

Gradation: Dense Graded ACW 14 Bitumen used:80/100 PEN Addictive( Waste Material): Coal bottom ash Procedure: Marshall method Total number of sample: i. Optimum Bitumen Content - 15 sample Ii. Optimum Bitumen Content verification - 3 sample Iii. Optimum Bitumen Content with addictive - 3 sample iv. Rutting test: -Control sample-2 sample. -Modified-2 sample.

Objective

To analyse the volumetric properties of unmodified and modifies mixture

Comparison of Marshall properties between coal bottom ash sample and control sample without additive in term of rut resistance.

Types of Pavements

According to the ability of the road. Bituminous road is a road medium capacity road that is used in road networks in the world
Improve the rutting resistance of

Why choose bottom ash?

pavements. Easy to construct even on site. reduces energy use and greenhouse gas emissions and conserves natural resources Deformation on pavement layer. lead to hydroplaning. Use Asphaltic Pavement Analyzer (APA) to analyze the sample.

Rutting

Sources

My Research

Jocelyn, 2009

Hasneyyatil, 2009 Lime Ceiling Waste

Parameter Material Percentage (%)

Specification

Coal Bottom Ash

Crumb Rubber Tire

0, 3.0, 6.0
JKR Standard (2008) Asphaltic Pavement Analyzer (APA)

0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0

JKR Standard (2005) Three Wheel Immersion Tracking Machine

0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0

JKR Standard (2008) -

Rut Test Machine

Hot Mix Asphalt

Theoretical Background
Coal Bottom Ash

Rutting

Asphalt Binder bind the aggregate in mixture and aggregate in surface layer

Hot Mix Asphalt

Aggregate - to provide interlocking structure Coarse Aggregate portions that retained on a sieve of 2.36mm Fine Aggregate - retained between 2.36mm and 75m
Filler - Filler is function to fill the air void in the mixture and also increase the strength of road.

Coal Bottom Ash

Chemical Composition i. consists of silica, aluminium and iron with small amounts of calcium, magnesium, sulfate, and other compositions Advantages i. mixing the bottom ash with emulsified asphalt was simple ii. could be performed on site rather than depending on plant production.

Physical Properties i. surface texture porous and edged particles ii. Specific Gravity 2.1 - 2.7

Rutting
Definition: accumulation of small amounts of unrecoverable strains as a result of applied loading to a pavement when a pavement is consolidated under traffic loading or when there is a lateral movement in the Hot Mix Asphalt pavement(Maupin and Mokarem, 2006). improper condition of subgrade

Cause by:

Influenced factor:

roughness of the texture and the roundness of the aggregate shape plastic deformation in asphalt layers occurred mainly due to excessive high binder content

Types of Rutting Subgrade Rutting

Subgrade shows signs of wheel path depression due to loading which consequently affect the pavement to settle into the subgrade ruts resulting wheel path depression on the pavement surface

Mix Rutting

Pavement surface displays wheel path depressions due to compaction or mix design problems where in contrast, subgrade does not experience any rut

Sieve Analysis of Coarse and Fine Aggregate Softening Point Test

Aggregate Grading
Specific Gravity Test for Coarse and Fine Aggregate Determination of Bulk Specific Gravity, Stability and Flow Theoritical Maximum Density (TMD) for Loose mix

Washed Sieve Analysis

Penetration Test

Preparation of Marshall Sample for AC14

Result and Analysis

Rut Test Using Asphalt Pavement Analyzer

American Association of State Highway Transportation Officials (1986). Standard Method of Tests for Mechanical Analysis of Extracted Aggregate. Washington D.C. 2001 T30-84. Federal Highway Administration. (2005).Using Coal Ash in Highway Construction : A guide to Benefits and Impacts. United States Environmental Protection Associates Hasneyyatil (2009). The Use of Lime Ceiling as Filler in Hot Asphalt. Universiti Technology Malaysia. Jocelyn Y. J. P. (2008). Performance of Hot Mix Asphalt With Crumb Rubber Tire on Rut Resistance. University Technology Malaysia. Khaled Ksaibati and Jason Stephen (1991). Utilization of Bottom Ash In Asphalt Mixes. Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering University of Wyoming. Jabatan Kerja Raya (2008). Standard Specification for Road Work. Kuala Lumpur. JKR/SPJ/2008. Maupin, G. W., and Mokarem, D. W. (2006). Investigation of A ASHTO Rut Resistance Test Procedure Using the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer. VTRC 07 R11., 1 18