L45 M 71 PowerplantFam

Power Plant
Power Plant Overview

The Learjet 45 aircraft engines:
Two TFE 731-20R-1B turbofan engines or Two TFE 731-20AR on 45-056 and subsequent
M2
L45 Mx Power PlantFam
Menu

Basic engine Engine fuel and control system Ignition and starting system Air system Engine controls Engine indicating Exhaust system Oil system
M3 L45 Mx Power PlantFam
Menu
Basic Engine
Each engine flat-rated maximum takeoff (MTO) thrust: 3,500 lbs When automatic performance reserve (APR) system used, MTO thrust allowable: 3,650 lbs
M4
Menu
Basic Engine Components

FAN
BYPASS DUCT HP COMPRESSOR N2 SHAFT COMBUSTION CHAMBER
FOUR-STAGE LP COMPRESSOR
HP TURBINE N1 SHAFT
THREE-STAGE LP TURBINE
Main spools and associated components: Two coaxial, rotating shafts with: - N1 or low pressure (LP) spool - N2 or high pressure (HP) spool LP spoolfour-stage, axial-flow compressor mounted behind fan HP spoolsinglestage centrifugal compressor and single-stage turbine Menu

Gearboxes Transfer gearbox (TGB): - 2.5:1 speed reduction - Includes monopole, N2 speed sensor - Drives accessory gearbox Accessory gearbox (AGB): - Internal drive train drives mounted accessories
TRANSFER GEARBOX
ACCESSORY DRIVE GEARBOX
M6
Menu

RING GEAR
Reduction Gearbox Reduces fan rpm with respect to N1 shaft speed Reduction gearing features: - LP shaft coupler drives sun gear - Sun gear drives planetary gears - Planetary gears drive ring gear - Ring gear drives fan
FAN SHAFT PLANETARY GEAR

SUN GEAR
COUPLER
Menu
Basic Engine Conventional Data

Five major engine modules
Fan Compressor Combustor Thrust/exhaust nozzle Accessory/transfer gearbox
M8
Menu

Basic engine Engine fuel and control system Ignition and starting system Air system Engine controls Engine indicating Exhaust system Oil system
Menu
Fuel and Control Components
DEEC
M10
Menu

ENG CMPTR switches Each switch marked ON, MAN, and OFF Controls respective engine computer
M11
Menu

PRESSURE SENSING PORT AUXILIARY PORT HEATER ELEMENT RAM AIR ENTRY PORT TEMP SENSING ELEMENT
DEEC input sensor required inputs: Total temperature (TT2) and total pressure (PT2) at engine STA 2
TEMPERATURE AIR ENTRY PORT
M12
Menu

DEEC input sensor required inputs: N2 monopoletracks teeth AGB drive shaft spur gear
SPUR GEARS
N2 MONOPOLE
M13
AGB DRIVE SHAFT
TRANSFER GEARBOX
Menu

N1 SPEED GEAR
DEEC input sensor required inputs: N1 monopole mounted inside N1 speed gear
No. 6 BEARING SUMP
N1 MONOPOLE
M14
Menu

DEEC input sensor required inputs: Ten thermocouples in interturbine area, between HP turbine and first LP turbine, on the interstage transition duct
THERMOCOUPLE
M15
Menu

CAS/CWP engine fuel messages L/R FUEL PRESS LOWlow fuel pressure warning switch, at fuel inlet of engine fuel pump, illuminates annunciator and CAS message for respective engine
M16
Menu

Basic engine Engine fuel and control system Ignition and starting system Air System Engine controls Engine indicating Exhaust system Oil system
Menu
Ignition and Starting Components

START switches:
Momentarily pressing either switch signals aft power distribution panel, which initiates start sequence by: - Closing L/R DC line contactor to power starter from related generator bus - Starting respective fuel pump - Illuminated ON legend in the L/R START switch, as applicable
M18
Menu

IGN switches IGN switches are not used during normal (auto mode) start, since DEEC automatically controls ignition to start at 6.8% and terminate at 45% N2 rpm During manual start, respective IGN switch selected just above 10% N2 rpm by momentarily pressing switch
M19
Menu

EICAS IGN annunciator With ignition activated (manual or auto), annunciator shows on the EICAS display: - IGNboth ignition channels operating normally - IGNone channel operating - IGNneither channel operating Pushing L/R FIRE PUSH switches terminates ignition
Menu

Starter/generator Mounts on middle drive pad on AGB front During engine operation, starter portion of unit inhibited and functions as generator
M21
Menu

Ignition unit Each capacitiveresistance type unit is independent and redundant Uses 10 to 30 VDC input and delivers 18,000 to 24,000 volts to igniters in pulses
M22
Menu
Ignition and Starting Operation

Auto mode
With the power lever in IDLE, the START switch is momentarily selected DEEC controls engine start automatically:
Starter/generator energized Fuel and ignition initiate At self-sustaining speed
Starter terminates Ignition terminates
M23
Menu

Manual mode
Applicable L/R START switch pressed Engine motored to 10% N2 rpm Throttle placed in IDLE Applicable L/R IGN switch pressed Operator ensures EICAS display shows START and IGN, and engine parameters not exceeded
M24
Menu

Manual mode
Operator manually deselects IGN and START switches at 45% and 50% N2 rpm, respectively Operator ensures IGN and START ON legends, and IGN and START EICAS annunciations extinguish
M25
Menu

Menu
Air System
Bleed air is engine-compressed air extracted for:
Environmental control system (ECS) Airframe and nacelle anti-ice (A/I)
Engine surge control

A dedicated bleed-control system protects engine against surges
M27
Menu

Menu
Thrust Control System Components

THROTTLE LEVER THROTTLE CABLE
Throttle cable Throttle cable mechanically connected to each throttle lever Runs aft thru aircraft bottom to rotary output element box (or FCU control box)
M29
Menu
Thrust Control System Components

Rotary, variabledifferential transformers (RVDTs) Continuously tracks throttle lever angles (TLAs) Converts TLAs into primary electrical signals to respective DEEC
RVDTs
M30
Menu
ENG SYNC System Components

ENG SYNC switch Switch positions: - N1 - N2 - OFF
M31
Menu
ENG SYNC System Components

ENG SYNC related EICAS indications With ENG SYNC switch N1 or N2 position selected, the SYNC indication appears: - SYNCwith landing gear uplocked - SYNCwith landing gear downlocked
M32
Menu
APR Components
APR switch With the switch pressed in, the APR legend illuminates and DEEC on both engines: - Performs APR software verification - Checks switch validity - Confirms N1/N2 speed signal from both engines
M33
Menu
APR Components
APR switch APR circuitry arms the APR system and shows the APR indication on the EICAS DU On takeoff with the switch armed, if an engine N2 rpm drops below 15% of the other engine, the system raises the engine N1 rpm 1.7%, which changes the APR ON indicator color
Menu

Menu
Engine Indicating Components

Display units (DUs) EICAS, essentially an integrated digital computer and display system, normally uses DU No. 2 for its display
M36
Menu

Display units (DUs) Backup features display some parameters on radio management unit (RMU): - Page 1 N1 rpm, ITT, oil pressure - Page 2N1/N2 rpm, oil temperature, fuel flow
M37
Menu

DU display areas: CAS area Primary engine area System page area Bezel menu area
ENGINE
CAS
SYSTEM PAGE BEZEL MENU
M38
Menu

Engine indicating N1 rpm indications
M39
Menu

Engine indicating ITT indications
M40
Menu

Engine indicating N2 indications
M41
Menu

Engine indicating Oil pressure indications
M42
Menu

Engine indicating Oil temperature indications
M43
Menu

Engine indicating Fuel flow indications
M44
Menu

Engine indicating Throttle detent indications NAC (nacelle heat) indications
M45
Menu

Engine indicating REV (thrust reverser) indications
M46
Menu

Engine indicating MAN (DEEC manual mode) indications FIRE indications Start indications
M47
Menu

EICAS CAS messages
M48
Menu

Crew warning panel (CWP)
M49
Menu

EICAS backup display page No. 1 on RMU
M50
Menu

EICAS backup display page No. 2 on RMU
M51
Menu

Menu
Exhaust System Components

Afterbody assembly Attached to aft engine flange Aluminum construction Forms major structural component of TR Acts as main part of nozzle during engine forward thrust operation
M53
Menu
M54
Menu

Latch assembly hydraulically operated, latch/unlatch TR doors Latch hooklocks TR doors in stow position Latch monitoring switches lock/unlock switches actuate when into/out of fullylocked position Latch actuator controls TR door latch-hook position
Menu
LATCH HOOK
LATCH ASSEMBLY
M56
Menu

ISOLATION VALVE
Isolation valve Supplies hydraulic fluid to hydraulic control valve when activated by TR electronic control valve
M57
Menu

Hydraulic control valve Directs pressurized fluid flow to primary and latch actuators Receives deploy/stow commands from TR electronic control unit Mounted on forward firewall of outer fan duct
M58
Menu

Automatic throttleretard actuator Automatically powered via hydraulic control valve Drives crank to position lever arm Lever overrides any input to throttle control system trying to position the PLA above idle Retards throttle control system to idle Menu
THROTTLE-RETARD ACTUATOR
M59

Electronic control unit Directs hydraulic pressure thru associated hydraulic control valve Coordinates respective TR functions
M60
Menu

TR levers Enable crew input to: - Deploy/stow TR doors - Control reverse thrust
M61
Menu
Exhaust System Monitoring

Thrust reverser related displays TR related annunciations appear on respective N1 page
M62
Menu

Menu
Oil System
Main function to lubricate:
Engine bearings No. 1 thru 6 Accessory drive gears Transfer gearbox Reduction gears in planetary gearbox
M64
Menu
Oil System Components

Oil filter bypass valve and impending bypass (P) switch Bypass valve opens if filter clogged and differential pressure across filter reaches 35 psi (psi-delta) P switch provides signal to DAU if psi-delta exceeds 24 to 30 psi
M65
Menu

Oil pressure switch and related messages If pressure > 50 psi, switch signals respective DAU Signal from DAU sent to CWP and EICAS illuminates respective L R OIL PRESS LOW message
M66
Menu

Oil tank servicing components Sight gage and filler neck - On oil tank on the right engine
M67
Menu

Oil tank servicing components Sight gage and filler neck - On left engine, crossover pipe supplies alternate servicing port with integral dipstick
M68
Menu
Questions?
M69
Menu

L45 M 71 PowerplantFam

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Power Plant

Power Plant Overview

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Power Plant Overview

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Basic Engine Components

Basic Engine Components

ACCESSORY DRIVE GEARBOX

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Basic Engine Components

FAN SHAFT PLANETARY GEAR

Basic Engine Conventional Data

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Power Plant Overview

Fuel and Control Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Fuel and Control Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Fuel and Control Components

TEMPERATURE AIR ENTRY PORT

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Fuel and Control Components

AGB DRIVE SHAFT

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Fuel and Control Components

No. 6 BEARING SUMP

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Fuel and Control Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Fuel and Control Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Power Plant Overview

Ignition and Starting Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Ignition and Starting Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Ignition and Starting Components

Ignition and Starting Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Ignition and Starting Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Ignition and Starting Operation

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Ignition and Starting Operation

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Ignition and Starting Operation

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Power Plant Overview

Engine surge control

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Power Plant Overview

Thrust Control System Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Thrust Control System Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

ENG SYNC System Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

ENG SYNC System Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

L45 Mx Power PlantFam

Power Plant Overview

Engine Indicating Components

L45 Mx Power PlantFam