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Reliability

Operations Management

William J. Stevenson

8th edition

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Reliability

CHAPTER

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Reliability

McGraw-Hill/Irwin

Operations Management, Eighth Edition, by William J. Stevenson Copyright 2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.

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Reliability

Reliability
Reliability:

The ability of a product, part, or system to perform its intended function under a prescribed set of conditions
Situation in which a product, part, or system does not perform as intended of conditions under which an items reliability is specified

Failure:

Normal

operating conditions: The set

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Reliability

Reliability is a Probability

Probability that the product or system will:

Function when activated Function for a given length of time Events whose occurrence or nonoccurrence do not influence each other The use of backup components to increase reliability

Independent events

Redundancy

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Reliability

Rule 1

Lamp 1

Lamp 2

.90

.80

.90 x .80 = .72

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Reliability

Rule 2

.80

Lamp 2 (backup)

.90
Lamp 1

.90 + (1-.90)*.80 = .98

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Reliability

Rule 3
.70
Lamp 3 (backup for Lamp 2)

.80
Lamp 2 (backup for Lamp1)

.90
Lamp 1

1 P(all fail) 1-[(1-.90)*(1-.80)*(1-.70)] = .994

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Reliability

Example S-1 Reliability

Determine the reliability of the system shown

.90

.92

.98

.90

.95

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Reliability

Example S-1 Solution

The system can be reduced to a series of three components

.98

.90+.90(1-.90)

.95+.92(1-.95)

.98 x .99 x .996 = .966

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Failure Rate
Figure 4S.1

Failure Rate

Infant mortality

Failures due Few (random) failures to wear-out Time, T

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Exponential Distribution
Figure 4S.2

Reliability = e -T/MTBF 1- e -T/MTBF T Time

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Normal Distribution
Figure 4S.3

Reliability

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Availability

The fraction of time a piece of equipment is expected to be available for operation

Availability MTBF MTBF MTR

MTBF = mean time between failures MTR = mean time to repair

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Improving Reliability
Component design Production/assembly techniques Testing Redundancy/backups Preventive maintenance procedures User education System design

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CHAPTER

4s

Additional PowerPoint slides contributed by Geoff Willis, University of Central Oklahoma.

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Reliability

Probability Failure Normal operating conditions (remember Taguchi) Redundancy