By Ian Elle Samonte

ESTIMATING ROOFING MATERIALS

GALVANIZED IRON SHEET

Most common roofing material. Also known as GI sheet. It is either plain or corrugated. Plain sheets are used for gutters, flashing, down spout, ridge, hip, and valley roll. Plain sheet standard commercial size is 90 X 240 centimeters long.

GI SHEET
Corrugated GI sheet is widely used for roofing and sidings having standard width of 80 centimeters with varying length from 150 to 360 centimeters at consecutive intervals of 30 centimeters. Long span corrugated sheets are also available on special order.

GAUGE NUMBER
The thickness of galvanized iron sheet is measured in terms of Gauge Number from 14 to 30. The sheet becomes thinner as gauge number becomes larger. Gauge 26 is the most extensively used for roofing and various tin works Gauge 24 is specified for gutters and valley rolls.

Before estimating the required number of corrugated roofing sheets, the following information should be considered first: 1. Verify the plan if the side lapping is 1- or 2- corrugations. 2. If it is 1-1/2 corrugations, the effective width covering per sheet is .70 meters or .60 meters for 2-1/2 corrugations. 3. The standard end-lapping joint is from 25 to 30 centimeters long. This is important in determining the length of the sheet to be used. 4. Spacing of the purlins should be proportionally adjusted to the length of the G.I. sheets to avoid unnecessary cutting or excessive overlapping. In short, the length of the roof sheet governs the spacing distance of the purlins. 5. A good roofing design minimizes end lapping joint. Longer length of roofing sheet is preferred for economical reasons.

EFFECTIVE COVERING OF G.I. ROOFING SHEETS

Length Effective Ft Covering Meter Side Lapping 1 2

Purlins Numb Spacin er of g Nails In or Meter Rivets per sheet

QUANTITY OF ROOF ACCESSORIES IN KILOGRAMS

Materials
GI Roof Nails GI Rivets GI Washers Lead Washers Umbrella Nails

Number per Kilogram

120 180 126 75 120

Size of Purlins (inches)

Size of GI Strap in Inches

Number of Strap in One Plain GI Sheet

2 x 3 2 x 4

1 x 9 1 x 10

384 342

2 x 5
2 x 6

1 x 11
1 x 12

312
288

ESTIMATING G.I. ROOF AND ITS ACCESSORIES

1.

2.

3.

Determine the length of the purlins along the gutter line. This distance is perpendicular with the roof direction. Divide this length by the effective width covering of one G.I. sheet using either 0.70 for 1 corrugations or 0.60 m. for 2 corrugations. The result is the number of sheets for one row. Determine the length of the rafter or top chord. Choose the right combination of roofing sheets that will satisfy this length considering the 25 to 30 centimeters standard end lapping.

END LAPPING

SIDE LAPPING

EXAMPLE.ESTIMATE THE GI SHEETS, RIVETS, GI WASHERS & LEAD WASHERS

14.00 M

6.00 M

Assume side lapping of 1 corr. And end lapping of 0.30m.

SOLUTION
Corrugated GI Sheet Divide the length of the gutter by the effective width covering of one sheet. 14.00/0.70 = 20 sheets in one row The length of the rafter is 6.00meters, referring to the table of effective covering, the combination of 3.60m(12 ft) and 2.7 m (9 ft) long GI sheet is appropriate.

ORDER:
32 x 12 corr. GI Sheet 20 32 x 9 corr. GI Sheet
20

Rivets Refer to table For 12 ft long: 20 x 26 = 520 pieces For 9 ft long: 20 x 22 = 440 pieces ______________ Total rivets 960 pieces Covert to kilograms = 960/180 = 5.3 say 5.5 kilograms

GI Washers Double the number of rivets = 960 x 2 = 1920 Convert to kilograms:

= 1920/128 = 15.24 KILOGRAMS

Lead Washers

Number of rivets is the same as the lead washers+ 960 Covert to kilograms: = 960/75 = 12.8 say 13 kilograms

SUMMARY OF MATERIALS
pcs 32 x 12 corr. GI Sheet 20 pcs 32 x 9 corr. GI Sheet 5.5 kg GI Rivets 15.5 kg GI washers 13 kg Lead Washers
20

Find the number of corr. GI sheets, rivets, GI washers, lead washers, and anchor strap required if the plan specify 2-1/2 corrugation for side lapping and 0.30 end lapping on a 2 x 4 purlins.

ROOFING SHEETS
Length of gutter/0.60 = 18/0.6 = 30 pieces The length of rafters is 6.00 m , so the combination is 3.60m and 2.7m GI sheets 30 pieces of 32 x 12 GI sheet 30 pieces of 32 x 9 GI Sheet Since that is only one side, double the quantity. 60 pieces of 32 x 12 GI sheet 60 pieces of 32 x 9 GI Sheet

Considering the roof is hipped type, wastage on cutting cannot be avoided, hence provide add 5% to 10% wastage. Get a longer sheet to avoid excessive cutting. 60 + 60 = 120 x 5% = 6 pieces of 12 ORDER: 66 pcs 32 x 12 GI Sheet 60 pcs 32 x 9 GI Sheet

GI RIVETS
For 12 ft sheet = 60 * 26 = 1560 pieces For 9 ft sheet = 60*22 = 1320 pieces

Total: 2880 pieces

GI WASHERS
Double the number of rivets 2880 x 2 = 5760 pieces Convert to kilograms

5760/126

= 45.7 say 46 kilograms

LEAD WASHER
Same as the number of rivets =2880 pieces Convert to kilograms = 2880/75 = 38.5 say 39 kilograms

PLAIN GI ANCHOR STRAP

The size of GI Strap on a 2 x 4 purlins is 1 x10 Number of strap is equal to number of rivets. 2880/342 = 8.42 say 9 pieces 90cm x 240cm plain GI Sheet

SUMMARY
66 pcs 32 x 12 GI Sheet 60 pcs 32 x 9 GI Sheet 2880 pieces GI Rivets 46 kilograms GI washers 39 kilograms Lead washers 9 pieces - 90cm x 240cm plain GI Sheet

GUTTER, FLASHING, RIDGE, HIPPED, AND VALLEY ROLL

Categorized as roof accessories under tinsmith work. Estimating these type of accessories is simply determining the number of plain GI sheets needed to fabricate it.

EFFECTIVE LENGTHS
Gutter 2.35m Flashing 2.30 m Ridge Roll 2.20 m Valley roll 2.30 m Hipped roll 2.20m

GUTTER, FLASHING, RIDGE

RIDGE ROLL

GUTTER

FLASHING

EXAMPLE.
Find the number of Plain GI sheets required to fabricate the gutter, ridge roll, and flashing.

GUTTER, RIDGE, FLASHING DETAIL

GUTTER
Total length of gutter = 20m Divide effective length = 20/2.35 = 8.5 say 9 pieces gutter Total width of gutter = 45cm Compute no. of gutter that can be made out of 1 plain GI sheet =90cm/45cm = 2 pcs.

No of plain GI sheets = 9/2 = 4.5 say 5 pieces plain GI sheet

FLASHING
Total length = 18m Divide it by the effective length = 18/2.30 = 7.8 say 8 pieces Width of flashing = 45cm 90 cm / 45 cm = 2 pieces can be made of 1 plain GI sheet 8 pcs/2pcs = 4 GI Sheets

RIDGE ROLL
Total length = 10 m Width = 45cm Divide total length by effective length = 10/2.2 = 4.5 pieces ridge roll 2 pcs of ridge roll can be made out of 1 plain GI sheet Therefore , 4.5/2 = 2.25 sheets say 3 sheets

SUMMARY

GUTTER = 5 pcs 90 x 240cm Plain GI Sheets FLASHING= 4 pcs 90 x 240cm Plain GI Sheets RIDGE ROLL = 3 pcs 90 x 240cm Plain GI Sheets TOTAL = 12 pieces plain GI Sheets