MOHD.

ABID KHAN
E/09/80

Drive Test
As the demand for data application increases, operators need to be able to test & troubleshoot their network to ensure performance quality. TEMS Investigation is the ideal test application for test networks. The tool allows operators to test network performance using the same services offered to their subscribers. It also measures RF parameters. Benefits

Saves time & money by identifying problems immediately. Increases customer satisfaction.

Materials used in DT
Dongle Laptop Mobile Mobile Data Cable GPS & GPS Cable Baffo Cable Tilt Meter Compass Measuring Tape

Swapping in DT
1.

Diversity Swap :- It happens when diversity cable of two GSM antennas are interchanged.
Main Diversity Swap :- It does when main cable & diversity cables of same antenna are interchanged. Sector Swap :- It does when maindiversity cables of one GSM antenna are interchanged with of other GSM antenna. Cyclic Swap :- It happens when main-diversity cables of all the sectors are interchanged with an other.

2.

3.

4.

Now check all the intra handovers in the site and start the D.T.

Physical Optimization
When we go on site first of all we check the lat. Long. Check all GSM antennas height one by one from ground level. Check all GSM antennas orientation one by one. If the antennas orientation are not proper as given , then reorient them to the proper position. Check the mechanical & electrical tilts. Check all the connectors of the feeder cable. If they are loose then tight them. Check all the feeder cables in the BTS. If there is any swap then remove the swap.

TEMS PARAMETERS (Speech)

Module Objectives
On completion of the module one should be clear about the parameters required during drive test what does it mean and how much it is important.

Parameters regarding in windows like :

a) Current Channel

b) Radio parameters c) Serving + Neighbors

Current Channel
1. 2.

3.

Definitions: Time: It is system time of computer. Cell name: It displays the name of the sector which is serving according to the cellfile that is loaded in TEMS. CGI : It stands for the Cell Global Identity which is unique for every sector of the site. It consists of MCC,MNC,LAC,CI. MCC: Mobile Country Code 0 999 (e.g. 404), MNC: Mobile Network Code 0 99 (e.g. 98) LAC : Location Area Code 0 65535 (e.g. 5101) CI: Cell Identity 0 65535 (e.g. 11001)

Current Channel

Cell GPRS Support: Tells sector is having GPRS or not. Values are Yes or No . Band : It tells in which Freq. Band mobile is operating e.g. GSM 900/ 1800. BCCH ARFCN: It tells by which BCCH is the mobile station getting served. TCH ARFCN: On which Traffic Freq. call is going on. BSIC (Base Station Identity Code) : It is combination of Network Color Code (NCC) (0 7) & Base Station Color Code (BCC) (0 7). e.g. 62. It is decoded by mobile on every Sync. Channel Message. Mode: It is shows in which state is mobile operating, Idle, Dedicated & Packet. Time slot: On which time slot of current TCH call is going on. Viz. time slot no. of TRX.

Current Channel
Channel Type: Type of channel mobile is getting now. Like BCCH / SDCCH/8 + SACCH/C8 or CBCH / TCH/F +FACCH/F +SACCH/F. Channel Mode : Shows mode of coding like Speech Full Rate of Half Rate. Speech Codec: It shows FR for Full Rate, HR for Half Rate & EFR for Enhanced Full Rate. Ciphering Algorithm : It shows ciphering algorithm used by the system to protect data for privacy. E.g. Cipher by A5/2. Sub Channel Number: It is displayed at a time when mobile is on dedicated mode at time of call setup when it is getting SDCCH at that time it shows which SDCCH it is getting out of 8 available. E.g. 2.

Current Channel
Hopping Channel : It shows that current sector is having hopping feature or not. Values are Yes or No. Hopping Frequencies : It displays no. of freq. on which mobile is allowed to hop. viz. MA List for hopping of that sector. Mobile Allocation Index Offset (MAIO): It is the number which tells from which freq. from given MA list for sector hopping has to be started. E.g. 0 means sector will start from first freq. to hop. Hopping Sequence Number (HSN) : Indicates sequence in which frequencies are allowed to hop from the MA List. 0- 63. 0 for Cyclic Hopping, 1 63 random hopping sequences.

Radio Parameters
RxLev : Receiving level in terms of dBm that mobile is receiving from the site. Range of -30 dBm to 110dBm. RxQual : Quality of voice which is measured on basis of BER. Range of RxQual 0 -7. FER : Frame Erasure Rate it represents the percentage of frames being dropped due to high number of non-corrected bit errors in the frame. It is indication of voice quality in network. BER Actual : Ratio of the number of bit errors to the total number of bits transmitted in a given time interval. BER is a measure for the voice quality in network.. Depending on BER RxQual is measured. E,g, BER 0 to 0.2 % corresponds to RxQual 0. Max. BER countable and useful is up to 12.8 % which corresponds to RxQual of max. 7.

Radio Parameters

SQI : SQI is a more sophisticated measure which is dedicated to reflecting the quality of the speech (as opposed to radio environment conditions). This means that when optimizing the speech quality in your network, SQI is the best criterion to use. SQI is updated at 0.5 s intervals. It is computed on basis of BER and FER. For EFR 30, FR 21 & HR 17 are respectively ideal values.

C/I : The carrier-over-interference ratio is the ratio between the signal strength of the current serving cell and the signal strength of undesired (interfering) signal components. It should be atleast > 9 .
MS Power Control Level : Displays range of power control from 0 to 8 depending upon network design. E.g. 0 means no power control and 1 means level that is defined by operator viz. 2 dBm less acc. To airtel.

Radio Parameters
DTX : Discontinuous transmission (DTX) is a mechanism allowing the radio transmitter to be switched off during speech pauses. This feature reduces the power consumption of the transmitter, which is important for MSs, and decreases the overall interference level on the radio channels affecting the capacity of the network.. TA : Value that the base station calculates from access bursts and sends to the mobile station (MS) enabling the MS to advance the timing of its transmissions to the BS so as to compensate for propagation delay. Value of 0 means MS in radius of 550mt. From BS.

Radio Parameters
RL Timeout Counter (Cur) : This parameter define the maximum value of the radio link counter expressed in SACCH blocks. Range of 4 64 in step size of 4. it shows current value of RLT. Decrease by 1 but increase by 2. When it reaches zero it results in normal DROP Call. RL Timeout Counter (MAX) : This parameter define the maximum value of the radio link counter expressed in SACCH blocks. Range of 4 64 in step size of 4. it shows current value of RLT. Normally 16, 20, 24. MS Behavior Modified : This window shows current settings for the mobile station, for instance whether handover is disabled or multiband reporting enabled.

Serving + Neighbor

Cell Name : Name that describes the neighboring cell as per the cellfile. ARFCN : Channel number mobile receives as neighbor. BSIC : BSIC of the neighboring cell. RxLev : Receiving Level in dBm of neighboring cell. C1 & C2 : These are the cell path loss criterion and cell reselection criteria. Valid during idle mode of mobile station. C31 & C32 : GPRS signal strength threshold criterion C31 and GPRS cell ranking criterion C32. Valid both in packet idle and packet dedicated mode.

Example showing every window

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