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Beam Bridges
Top of beam is in compression and bottom is in tension. The middle of the beam is neutral the middle is in neither compression or tension.
I Beams move most of the beams material away from the neutral axis which is underutilized. This results in a stiffer beam.
Arch Bridges
Arches are made of wedge-shaped stones in compression. Without the keystone the two sides of the arch will fail. The wedged stones at the bottom must be prevented from moving outwards using abutments (stones anchored into the soil).
1948
Truss Bridges
A truss is a hinged triangle
Cantilever Bridges
Cantilever is a beam supported at only one end.
Suspension Bridges
Cable is made by running spools of smaller cable back and forth across the towers. This is called spinning the cable.
Relatively inexpensive to construct no large cables need to be spun over towers. Able to span large distances.
Problem Statement
What is the maximum load a short paper bridge can carry?
Problem Analysis
How will structure carry loads?
How is failure likely to occur? What can be done to prevent failure?
Design Specifications
10 minimum span 1 max. bearing at abutment
Implementation
Construct bridge Test bridge