To make a word, expression or clause negative, we use not. -Not surprisingly, we missed the train.

-The students went on strike, but not the teachers. -I can see you tomorrow, but not on Thursday.

We can use no with a noun or ing form to mean `not any, or `not a/an. -No teachers went on strike. -NO SMOKING. -I telephoned, but there was no answer.

Sometimes sentences constructed with verb + not and no + noun have similar meanings. The structure with no is usually more emphatic. -There wasnt an answer. / There was no answer.

After no, countable nouns are usually plural unless the sense makes a singular noun necessary. Compare: Hes got no children. (More natural than Hes got no child.) Hes got no wife. (More normal than Hes got no wives.)

In standard English, nobody, nothing, never, etc are themselves enough to give a negative meaning, and not is unnecessary.

-I opened the door, but I could see nobody. -Tell them nothing. -Your suggestions will help neither of us. -Nothing matters now everythings finished. -Ive never understood what she wants.

Anybody, anything, ever etc are not themselves negative words, they have to be used with not to give a negative meaning. -I opened the door, but I couldnt see anybody. -Dont tell them anything. -Your suggestion wont help either of us.

At the beginning of a clause, only nobody, nothing etc are used. -Nothing matters. -Nowhere is safe.

When not refers to two or more verbs, nouns, adjectives etc, we usually join them with or.

-He doesnt smoke or drink. -She wasnt angry or upset. -Its not on the table or in the cupboard.

Some is most common in affirmative clauses, and in questions which expect or encourage the answer Yes (offers and requests). -Do you mind if I put some music on?

Any is common in questions (?) and negatives (-). -I want some razor blades. -Have you got any razor blades? -Sorry, I havent got any razor blades.

The difference between somebody and anybody, something and anything, somewhere and anywhere etc are the same as the differences between some and any. -Theres somebody at the door. -Did anybody telephone? -Lets go somewhere nice for dinner. -I dont want to go anywhere too expensive.

When these words are subjects, they are used with singular verbs. -Everybody likes her. -Is everthing ready?

noone / anyone / nobody / anybody / nothing / anything / nowhere / a nywhere / no or any.

-________ will vote for a party with such extremist ideologies. -You won't find ________ who wants to support your party. -Nowadays you cannot travel ________ without a credit card. -________ you will find people so friendly like in my country. -________ can help you to solve that problem; you have to do it yourself. -I haven't found ________ interesting in that bookshop. -____________told me that you called last night. ________ information was given when the flight was delayed. -________ wrote to me while I was in Finland. -I feel a little bit embarrassed because I haven't brought ________ for the party. -You can trust me. I won't tell your secret to ________. -________ complained when the flight was delayed. -I cannot find ________ explanation for his behaviour. -________ the kids are better than in the school

Complete the sentences with:

-________ is more important than health. -Kevin hasn't phoned ________ this morning. -James is not going ________ this summer; he will stay here. -________ was arrested by the police after the robbery. -________ good has happened to me in the last two weeks. -________ will buy your car; it is too old and in a very bad condition. -The accused didn't answer ________ questions during the interrogation. -I didn't hear ________ noise last night; the thieves entered my flat very quietly. -My sister didn't write to ________ while she was in Ireland. -I don't know ________ who speaks Russian. -________ knows that you have been promoted to general manager.

http://www.aulafacil.com/Ingejerc/Lecciones/Ejerc14.htm
Swan, Michael. (2005) Practical English Usage. Oxford. Third Edition.