TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING AND LEARNING (EDU 3105)

ISSUES AND CURRENT TRENDS IN TECHNOLOGY OF EDUCATION

BY SIRI SENA BIN BABA HAMID

This topic dealing with trends and issues facing by educators today such as:

Copyright Security Confidentiality Self-control

COPYRIGHT
Copyright refers to the legal rights to an original right Schools have an obligation, both under the law and from an ethical standpoints, to adhere to the law and to instruct students in proper behaviour.

 The penalties for violation of copyright law can be severe, and, as a number of school and businesses have found, publishers groups are willing to take action against organizations that are in violation. To avoid problems, schools should establish clear copyright, policies and make those policies known to both teachers and students.

 What are copyrighted materials? -original works of authorship that are fixed in any tangible medium of expression -Eg: written works, works of art and music, photographs and computer software Copyright symbol,

 The copyright owners have exclusive rights to:

-reproduce (copy) the work -create derivative works -sell or distribute the works -perform or display the work in public

 The Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization Act (TEACH Act) 2001 is designed to give guideline about these copyrighted materials.

The Act. Crews has been implemented in 2003 to review and offer a full discussion about the meaning and importance of the TEACH Act and its implications for teachers

Copyright of Materials on the Web

All materials on the internet are copyrighted. Teachers have an obligation to make students aware of copyright laws and how they apply to the internet We may use internet materials personally, but you may not make copies, modify them, or incorporate them into commercial materials without the permission of the copyright holder

 A teacher should not post on a website any materials created by your students or photographs of your students without the written permission of their parents or their guardians

SECURITY
Security is the condition of being protected against danger or loss.
In the general sense, security is a concept similar to safety. Both emphasis on being protected from dangers that originate from outside.

Security Concepts
Certain concepts recur throughout different fields of security. Risk - a risk is a possible event which could cause a loss Threat - a threat is a method of triggering a risk event that is dangerous Vulnerability - a weakness in a target that can potentially be exploited by a threat Exploit - a vulnerability that has been trigger by a threat - a risk of 1.0 (100%)

 Countermeasure - a countermeasure is a way to stop a threat from triggering a risk event Defense in depth - never rely on one single security measure alone Assurance - assurance is the level of guarantee that a security system will behave as expected

 Schools must address issues related to privacy and security.

Teachers should concern about the security of student data and personal information. These should not be accessible to students

Schools that post information about students on the school website should care about it to avoid others from accessing and locating the students
Finally, schools today must also be concerned with how students access information and what information they access on schools

CONFIDENTIALITY
Confidentiality has been defined by the International Standard of Organization (ISO) as "ensuring that information is accessible only to those authorized to have access" and is one of the cornerstones of Information security.

 An entity (i.e., a person, agency, or other type of organization) with information about a person should be required to maintain the confidentiality of the information, and not release the information unless given permission by the person.

 In theory, the rights to privacy and confidentiality are essential. In reality, however, many entities get access to information about individuals and use it for reasons beyond the reason for which it was originally obtained. Or they make incorrect assumptions based on the data.
So, teachers should protect the confidentiality of students records in order to protect individuals privacy from violation

 A 1974 federal law, the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), protects the privacy interests of students in elementary and secondary schools (and their parents) with regard to certain types of education records. FERPA requires that prior consent be obtained from the student (if 18 or older) or the student's parents before certain types of information can be released from school records.

 The development of a set of detailed and carefully crafted policies will help to avoid confidentiality violations where the data are maintained and alleviate the concerns of parents, students and the public as a whole.

These policies and procedures should refer to who has access to the data, what data will be maintained, what are the uses of the data, and what will be done to ensure secure data collection and maintenance.

SELF CONTROL
Self control is perceived in a few ways. One of which is philosophical and might be described as the exertion of one's own will on one's personal self - their behaviors, actions, thought processes.

Self-control is therefore centered in the ability of a person to exert their will over the inhibitions of their body or self.

 There are three reasons why youngsters demonstrate deficiencies in self-control:

1-They were never taught the skills. 2-They have not had enough opportunities to practice the skills. 3-They have a metabolic or neurological problem that inhibits their ability to control their impulses.
In order to learn responsible behavior, students need to have some control over their environment.

 They need to feel a sense of ownership for their own behavior. Teachers create this kind of classroom environment by discussing rules and sanctions, giving choices, listening to students, and caring about how students feel.

Reference: Timothy J.Newby, Donald A.Stepich, James D. Lehman, James D. Russell (2006). Educational Technology for Teaching and Learning, Pearson Education Inc., New Jersey http://www.pearsoned.co.uk/Bookshop/detail.asp ?item http://eduads.educationworld.com/adlog.php http://en.wikipedia.org/favicon