6.

Vertical Circulation

Stair

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Cut String

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Newel (post)

Handrail

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Riser: The vertical face of the step of a stair

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Riser

Tread: The horizontal face of the step of a stair

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Tread

Step: The combination of one riser and one tread Nosing: The round projected part of a tread to protect
the riser from kick

Nosing Step
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Rise: The total floor finish to floor finish V. height of stair Going: The total horizontal length of a stair including
platform

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Flight: a part of stair from floor (landing) to floor

(landing) that you move without interruption Landing: the floor area a the beginning, end or intermediate point of a stair Landing Platform: intermediate landing
Flight Flight

Platform

Flight

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Head Room: The shortest clear vertical distance b/n the nosing
of a tread and the ceiling

Stair Case (well): The enclosed chamber into which the stairs
are built Stair Case (Well)

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Residential Stairs Requirements

Min Width of flight is 90cm. Width of flight = 60 cm x no. of people that pass at a time Width of landing = Width of flight The slope of stair should be 30 and 35 degrees. Min head room = 180cm Comfortable head room = 210cm Min Tread Length = 25cm, Max Tread Length = 33cm Min Riser Height = 15cm, Max Riser Height = 19cm The max gap b/n balusters = 12.5cm Height of handrail = 90cm Tread should be made of non slippery material Handrails should be made of non temperature dependent material
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Stair Calculation
2 ( Riser) + Tread = 55 to 70cm 1st = Determine floor finish to floor finish height = Rise 2nd = Divide Rise by your choice of Riser 3rd = Round the calculated Riser to the nearest whole no. 4th = No. of Tread = No. Risers 1 5th = Divide stair length by Tread to find no. of treads Eg. Height of room is 300cm Choose Riser height = 15cm No. of Riser = 300cm/ 15cm= 20 If the stair is U Stair = 20/2= 10 risers per flight No. of Tread per flight = 10-1 = 9 If Tread & width is 25 cm, then stair length 9 x 25cm tread + 2 X 90cm landing = 405
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Escalator
moving stair that connects two or more floors it needs electrical power used in public buildings like airport, mall etc it helps to control the speed of people movement too expensive and takes much space

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Elevators
rectangular boxes that moves people from one floor to another it needs electrical power used in buildings with height of greater than G+4 it helps to control the speed of people movement expensive and takes small to large space based on the type of stair

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Ramp
sloping floors to move people from one floor to another it needs no electrical power used in public buildings to make them accessible by disable people like hospital it helps to control the speed of people movement not expensive and takes large space

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