Major Air Pollutants

Pollutant Sources Pesticide Excessive pesticides used in agriculture Fogging to kill mosquitoes

Effect poisoning Deformity in unborn babies

Particulate Motor-vehicle headache matter exhaust; breathing industrial problems processes; refuse incineration; heat and power generation; reaction of pollution gases in the atmosphere

Sulfur Heat and dioxide (SO2) power generation facilities that use oil or coal containing sulfur; sulfuric acid plants

causes acid rain breathing problems lung cancer

Pollutant Sources Smoke & cigarette soot smoke forest fires burning of rubbish fuel combustion (vehicles, factories & power station)

Effects breathing difficulties haze low sunlight penetration for plant photosynthesis. hurt eyes & blurred vision. stain buildings

Dust

Quarry lung cancer construction reduce sunlight sites penetration. cement dirties the factories environment

Carbon dioxide

fuels green house combustion effect forest fires burning of rubbish

Pollutant Carbon monoxide

Sources Effect incomplete headache combustion reduce of fuels (from transportatio vehicles) n of cigarette oxygen smoke blood.

 deformity Lead (Pb) Motor-vehicle and exhaust; lead smelters; battery abnormally to children brain plants

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)

acid rain Motor-vehicle exhaust; heat and lung power generation; damage nitric acid; explosives; fertilizer plants

Ozone (O3)

Formed in the atmosphere by reaction of nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and sunlight

1. The diagram shows the apparatus used for an experiments. a. State the purpose of the experiment _____________________ b. State the gas used in the experiment. _______________________ c. i. Predict what happened to the lighted candle and water level after few minutes? _______________________ ii. Explain your answer. _______________________ d. State the conclusion from the experiment. ________________________

2. The above diagram shows 4 apparatus for an experiment. a. i. Which candle goes out first? ___________________________________________ ii. Explain (a.i). ____________________________________________ b. Why we used different size of bottle? ____________________________________________ c. what conclusion can you made from the observation? _____________________________________________

3. The above diagram shows an experiment to investigate the exchange of gasses during respiration. The apparatus is kept in a dark room for several hours.

a. Why must the cotton be soaked with sodium hydroxide solution? __________________________________________

b. What will happen to the indicators in boiling tube A and B? Boiling tube A : ____________________________ Boiling tube B : ___________________________ c. Explain (b). __________________________________________ d. State the conclusion of the experiment. _________________________________________ e. Suggest one control apparatus for the above experiment. ________________________________________

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