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A step-by-step guide to the Texas probate system with information every resident should know.
What Is Probate?
probate [proh-beyt] noun Law. the official proving of a will as authentic or valid in a probate court. In Texas, probate is the process by which a court legally recognizes a person's death and authorizes the administration of his or her estate. This process happens whether or not the individual had a Last Will and Testament.
Independent Administration
When the decedent, or person who has died, left a valid will naming an Executor, Independent Administration is the typical process for probate. In this process, the Executor has more freedom to carry out his dutieswithout strict court oversight.
Dependent Administration
This type of probate is often the process when a person has died without having a will. There are two key elements that make it distinct:
The probate court judge will appoint an Administrator for the estate. The court will strictly oversee all steps of the probate process, including requiring detailed reports by the estate Administrator.
Muniment of Title
Muniment of Title proceedings are generally much simpler and inexpensive than typical probate. However, this process can only be done under certain conditions:
A valid will exists. Estate has no unpaid debts except secured liens (such as real estate). Medicaid has no claims against the estate.
Legally recognize the death. Verify the will (if one existed). Appoint an Administrator or verify the person named Executor.
1. A valid will: The Executor must locate and notify beneficiaries named in the will.
1. No will: Heirship is determined by a Texas probate court in accordance with the state's laws on inheritance.
Property held with joint tenancy with right of survivorship Community property held with right of survivorship Life insurance policy funds Annuity survivor benefits