AN OVERVIEW OF TEACHING APPROACHES, METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

1. Roland

2. faiz

SUGGESTOPEDIA

Bulgarian psychotherapist
Georgi Lozanov

students can learn a language approximately three to five times as quickly as through conventional teaching methods.

METHODS

PRESENTATION

A preparatory stage in which students are helped to relax and move into a positive frame of mind.

With the feeling that the learning is going to be easy and fun.

First Concert - "Active Concert"

This involves the active presentation of the material to be learnt.

For example, in a foreign language course there might be the dramatic reading of a piece of text, accompanied by classical music.

Second Concert - "Passive Review"

The students are invited to relax and listen to some Baroque music, with the text being read very quietly in the background.

The music is specially selected to bring the

students into the optimum mental state for the

effortless acquisition of the material.

PRACTICE

The use of a range of games, puzzles, etc. to review and consolidate the learning.

2. THE SILENT WAY

Caleb Gattegno.

Teachers should be silent as much as possible Learners should be encourage to produce language much as possible

1. Learning is facilitated if the learner discovers or creates.

the teacher and the learner work cooperatively to reach the educational desired goals.

The learner is not a bench bound listener but an active contributor to the learning process.

2. Learning is facilitated by using physical objects.

The Silent Way uses colorful charts and rods (cuisinere rods) which are of varying length.

They are used to introduce vocabulary ( colors, numbers, adjectives, verbs) and syntax (tense, comparatives, plurals, word order )

3. Learning is facilitated by problem solving involving the material to be learned

Benjamin Franklins words:

Tell me and I forget

Teach me and I remember Involve me and I learn

The teachers role only in giving minimum repetitions and correction

leaving the learner struggling to solve problems about the language and get a grasp of its mechanism.

Advantages

Learning through problem solving looks attractive especially because it fosters:

creativity, discovery, increase

in intelligent potency and

long

term memory.

Disadvantages

. The learner works in isolation and communication is lacking badly. With minimum help on the part of the teacher, the Silent Way method may put the learning itself at stake.

3. TOTAL PHYSICAL RESPONSE (TPR)

TPR is a method of teaching language using physical movement. to react to verbal input in order to reduce student inhibitions and lower their affective filter. It allows students to react to language without thinking too much.

Principle and method

Learners act out commands given by the teacher

These series of commands, are simple at the beginning (stand up, sit down) but after some time they may become more complex.

Learners are totally involved in TPR activities because they are allowed to concentrate on one thing only: they act out what they've heard.

There is no pressure on them to speak the foreign language

ADVANTAGE

Easy to implement/no translation TPR instruction requires no translation or L1 support.

Trains students to react to language and not think about it too much

TPR requires an instant reaction. As there is no time to think during TPR practice,

students can break the bad habit of overanalyzing language and become more

comfortable with going with the flow, or guessing from context.

Disadvantage

It is quite difficult to see how this approach could extend beyond beginner level.

Bibliography

http://myenglishpages.com/blog/the-silentway-method/ http://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/knowledgedatabase/silent-way http://www.onestopenglish.com/support/metho dology/teaching-approaches/teachingapproaches-total-physicalresponse/146503.article