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Presentation Objectives
Why is marketing important? What is the scope of marketing? What are some fundamental marketing concepts? How has marketing management changed? What are the tasks necessary for successful marketing management?
Marketing An Introduction
An Ancient Art, an Universal Entity, a Vital Function of Business Business = Marketing Business has just two basic functions: marketing and innovation. Peter Drucker Entrepreneurial part of business Marketing is the logic of business. - Peter Drucker Strategic part of business Represents the real strategic activity in a business and the real strategic function of management.
What is Marketing?
Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders.
Marketing must know Who are our customers? What are their needs? What must we do to meet their needs?
Meeting latent and future needs Marketing searches/spots/visualises the latent and future needs of customers.
Generating customer satisfaction Product/Service Ambience associated with product/service Speed of response Measuring customer satisfaction Satisfaction generated may fall short of or match or exceed the expectations of customers. Is it then correct to assume Marketing = Customers?
What Else is Embedded in Marketing? Demand Generating the demand Meeting the demand Competition Understand objectives and strategies of competitors. Anticipate actions and reaction patterns of competitors. What is marketed? Customers buy benefits/services/solutions, not products. Customers seek Value in benefits/services/solutions. (Example: Channa/Channa-Batura/TCS Certainty)
Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value.
MARKETING CONCEPTS
There are five competing concepts under which organizations conduct marketing activities: The PRODUCTION CONCEPT holds that consumers will prefer products that are widely available and inexpensive. The PRODUCT CONCEPT holds that consumers will favor those products that offer the most quality, performance, or innovative features.
(continued)
MARKETING CONCEPTS
The SELLING CONCEPT holds that consumers and businesses, will ordinarily not buy enough of the organizations products. The organization must therefore, undertake an aggressive selling and promotion effort.
The MARKETING CONCEPT holds that the key to achieving its organizational goals consists of the company being more effective than competitors in creating, delivering, and communicating customer value to its chosen target markets.
(continued)
MARKETING CONCEPTS
The SOCIETAL MARKETING concept holds that the organizations task is to determine the needs, wants, and interests of the target markets and to deliver the desired satisfactions more effectively than competitors in a way that preserves the consumers and societys well-being.
There will always be a need for some selling. But the aim of marketing is to make selling superfluous. The aim of marketing is to know and understand the customer so well that the product or service fits him and sells itself. Ideally, marketing should result in a customer who is ready to buy. All that should be needed is to make the product or service available. Peter Drucker
Difference Between Selling and Marketing Selling revolves around the needs and interests of the seller. The purpose of selling is to sell what is made rather than make what the customer wants. Views business as a task of somehow disposing off existing products. Marketing revolves around the needs and interests of the buyer Marketing starts with the customers. Views business as a task of meeting the needs of the customers.
Contd.
What is Marketed?
Goods Services Events & Experiences Persons Places Information Ideas
Business Markets
Internal Marketing
Internal marketing is the task of hiring, training, and motivating employees who want to serve customers well.
Integrated Marketing
4 Ps of Marketing
Performance Marketing
Financial Accountability Social Responsibility Marketing
Relationship Marketing
It aims to build mutually long term relationships with key constituents in order to earn and retain their business
Objectives
How does marketing affect customer value? How is strategic planning carried out at different levels of the organization? What does a marketing plan include?
Value Exploration
How can a company identify new value opportunities
Value Creation
How can a company efficiently create more promising new value offerings
Value Delivery
How can a company use its capabilities and infrastructure to deliver the new value offerings more efficiently
Tactical
Product features Promotion Merchandising Pricing Sales channels Service
Corporate Headquarters Planning Activities Define the corporate mission Establish strategic business units (SBUs) Assign resources to each SBU Assess growth opportunities
To achieve our objectives in an environment of fairness, honesty, and courtesy towards our clients, employees, vendors, and society at large.
Biocon
eBay
We help people trade anything on earth. We will continue to enhance the online trading experiences of allcollectors, dealers, small businesses, unique item seekers, bargain hunters, opportunity sellers, and browsers.
Product
We make copying equipment
We make movies We sell encyclopedias We make air conditioners
Market
We improve office productivity
We entertain people We distribute information We provide climate control inside homes
SBUs
An SBU is separately identifiable business; have a distinct mission, have its own executive team with profit responsibility
Characteristics of SBUs
It is a single business or collection of related businesses It has its own set of competitors It has a leader responsible for strategic planning and profitability
Stars High High growth & share Profit potential May need heavy investment to grow
Low Question Marks High growth, low share Build into Stars/ phase out Requires cash to hold market share Dogs
Cash Cows
Low
Low growth, high share Low growth & share Established, successful Low profit potential SBUs Produces cash
Intensive Growth
Identify the opportunities to achieve further growth within current business
Strategies Suggested by Ansoffs Product-Market Expansion Grid Market penetration Market development Product development Diversification
Current Markets
1. MarketPenetration Strategy
New Markets
2. MarketDevelopment Strategy
(Diversification Strategy)
Integrative Growth
Identify the opportunities to build or acquire businesses that are related to current business
Diversification Growth
Identify the opportunities to add attractive business unrelated to current business
SWOT Analysis
Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
Goal Formulation
Goals should be quantitative Goals should be realistic Objectives must be consistent
Goal Setting
S- Specific M- Measurable A- Action Oriented R- Realistic T- Time Bound
Differentiation
Focus
Marketing Plan
A marketing plan is the central instrument for directing and coordinating the marketing effort.
Marketing Environment
Marketing Environment
All the actors and forces influencing the companys ability to transact business effectively with its target market. Includes:
Microenvironment - forces close to the company that affect its ability to serve its customers. Macroenvironment - larger societal forces that affect the whole microenvironment.
Cultural
Publics Suppliers
Economic Company
Competitors Customers
Political
Intermediaries
Natural
Technological
The Microenvironment
Company
Publics
Suppliers
Competitors
Intermediaries
Customers
Customer Markets
International Markets
Consumer Markets
Company
Government Markets Business Markets
Reseller Markets
The Macroenvironment
Demographic Cultural
Forces that Shape Opportunities and Pose Threats to a Company
Economic
Political Technological
Natural
Economic Environment
Economic Development
Changes in Income
Natural Environment
More Government Intervention
Technological Environment
Accelerating Pace of Change High R & D Budgets
Political Environment
Increased Legislation
Changing Administration
Cultural Environment
Of Oneself
Of the Universe Of Nature
Of Others Of Organizations