Spring, 2007

ESCI 444-Exploration Geophysics II Reflection Seismic Data Processing

Steve H. Danbom, Ph.D., P.G. Adjunct Professor Office - Room 206A Office Hours By Appointment
Lecture Week 14 Processing seismic reflections: 3-D seismic data

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WHATS SO GOOD ABOUT 3-D

3-D Migration of Data Improves Image Extracted 2-D Line Can Connect Wells X-Section and Map Views Both Available Logistics of Survey Area Accommodated Stratigraphy of Area Dramatically Imaged Adding Time Dimension (4-D) Allows
Reservoir Studies from Seismology

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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SOME DATA FROM ARCO

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To make an isochron map of a domal feature, trace sequential time slices of a common-phase event onto a common image.

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3-D seismic data are collected in bins.

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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Schematic showing how to acquire 3-D seismic data over an exploration block without going onto block with the equipment.

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3-D seismic data seiscrop (top) and profile (below) that connects wells that are not in a straight line.

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EXAMPLE OF IMAGED FAULT

ORIENTATION OF 2-D LINE... There is an axiom in reflection seismology that says orientation of the seismic reflection line is the single most important item in acquisition and processing of the data. These lines, taken from a 3-D data volume illustrate this.

HERES A GOOD IDEA

Certain identified formational tops can be isolated in the 3-D data volume and then the other data can be made transparent...

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BUT THIS???
How do you know when enough is enough...

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OCEAN BOTTOM SEISMIC

3-D SURVEY WITH GEOPHONES For this example the seismic data shown have been 3-D migrated and the marine data acquisition was acquired with geophones connected to the ocean bottom instead of hydrophones trailed in a streamer behind the boat.
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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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3-D EXPLORATION SEISMOLOGY

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz

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From Oz Yilmaz