Presented by Solase Rushikesh Mtech Automobile Engg.

Noise

is a audible sound generated in vehicle or any other system including engine, driveline, tire contact patch and road surface, brakes, clutches, gearbox , cooling fan etc. It can be measured

 They

are very low frequency energy propagations through a medium They are produced in the driveline and the medium of vibration can be any part of a vehicle. They can be measured and controlled.

 Harshness

is a combination of NOISE and VIBRATIONS which creates an uncomfortable feeling in occupants of that vehicle. They just can be felt and can be JURY evaluated

 Noise,

vibration, and harshness (NVH), also known as noise and vibration (N&V), is the study and modification of the noise and vibration characteristics of vehicles, particularly cars and trucks.

Noise Pollution Customer Awareness Of Vehicle Ride Comfort Marketability Trend Towards Higher Power And Smaller Size Power trains. Sound Quality Design Optimization Consistency In Production

 Interior NVH

deals with noise and vibration experienced by the occupants of the cabin, while Exterior NVH is largely concerned with the noise radiated by the vehicle, and includes pass-by noise testing

They including the engine, driveline, tire contact patch and road surface, brakes, wind. Noise from cooling fans, alternator, and other engine accessories is also fairly common

Transfer Path Analysis

Noise Contributions from Various Systems Other Structural Miscellaneous 3% Engine 21% Components 10% Fan & Radiator Assembly 6% Drive Line 14%

Exhaust System 32%

Intake System 14%

Sensors * microphone * hydrophones * accelerometers Data Acquisition Devices * analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), * signal conditioning

Acoustics is the interdisciplinary science that deals with the study of sound, ultrasound and infrasound (all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids).
The word "acoustic" is derived from the Greek word (akoustikos), meaning "of or for hearing, ready to hear"

Reducing the source strength, as in making a noise source quieter with a muffler, or improving the balance of a rotating mechanism; Interrupting the noise or vibration path, with barriers Absorption of the noise or vibration energy, as for example with foam noise absorbers

ACOUSTIC MATERIAL CHARACTERIZATION

Flow Resistivity

Porosity

Quasi-static Mechanical Analyzer

Inverse from Impedance Tube Measurement

Acoustic treatments on car body

 Vibration

refers to mechanical oscillations about an equilibrium point. The oscillations may be periodic such as the motion of a pendulum or random such as the movement of a tire on a gravel road.

 Free

vibration vibration

Forced

 The

main characteristics of vibrations are: Ride Comfort Shake Shimmy Brake Shudder

When un-sprung components start to resonate with sprung components.

Pitching

Rolling
Bouncing

Vibrations felt in the steering wheel, seat, or floor. Two types of shake are: Vertical Lateral Generally has a frequency between 10 to 30 Hz.

 Roughness of the road Tire imbalance Non-uniform tires Bent or out or roundness Driveline Engine

of wheels

Vibration that causes the steering wheel to oscillate. Typically has a frequency between 5 and 15 Hz. The two main types of shimmy are: Low speed shimmy High speed shimmy

Roughness of road Tire Imbalance Non-uniform tires Bent or out of roundness of the wheel

Causes the instrument panel, steering wheel, and sometimes the entire body to vibrate vertically and back and forth. Peaks at 40 to 50 mph and has a frequency of 5 to 30 Hz. The major sources of shudder are: Brake rotor run out Non-uniform thickness

Certain operating conditions can greatly affect these vibrations: Extended periods where the vehicle is not in operation. Brake disc surface irregularities caused by foreign substances (saltwater, antifreeze, etc) Deformation of brake drum cause by poor installation.

Many customers use the word harshness to describe ride comfort concerns. Occurs when a vehicle vibrates when moving across road joints, projections, depressions or stepped paved road surfaces. Typically has a vibration of 30 to 60 Hz.

 Vibration

testing is accomplished by introducing a forcing function into a structure, usually with some type of shaker

 Vibration

isolation is the process of isolating an object, such as a piece of equipment, from the source of vibrations #Passive isolation #Active isolation #Subframe isolation

Ride comfort in a vehicle is a subjective perception normally Associated with level of comfort experienced during traveling in a vehicle. Perceived ride is cumulative effect of many factors
In the vibration spectrum, Ride - 0 -25 Hz Noise - 25Hz - 20KHz Ride is a tactile and visual vibrations.

NVH test equipment are used for various applications such as: Engine noise vibration testing Acoustic performance testing Sound power testing Pass by noise testing Telephone testing Environmental noise measurements and noise field mapping Structural dynamics and vibration testing Occupational health and safety

VEHICLE NVH ASSESSMENT Benchmarking & Target setting

Pass-by Noise Measurement Interior NVH Assessment

Subjective Evaluation Noise & Vibration Mapping Identification of Prominent Noise Sources Effectiveness of Engine & Body Mounts Effectiveness of Silencer & Intake system Effectiveness of Acoustic Treatment

Set Vehicle Targets based on data available with ARAI or repeat exercises on identified Benchmark Vehicles

Set Targets for Noise Reduction on Individual Systems

 Most Least
More

comfortable ride fatigue

workability of the occupants

VOLVO Busses & Trucks

Mahindra SCORPIO

 The

need to improve product quality and differentiate from the competition, concerns about human health and safety combined with stringent regulations, create a viable market for NVH.

 www.sae.org.in www.arai.org.in www.youtube.com www.google.com www.wikipedia.org.in Book Vehicle Refinement

controlling noise and vibration in road vehicle by Matthew Harrison