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Design of a Dual Band Antenna

Guided By: Dr.Abhishek Tomar 38737 38748 38773

By:
Akanksha Archana Rawat Noorie Khan Vineeta Rani 38810

OBJECTIVE
This project focuses on the software simulation of microstrip dual band antenna.

Review of Antenna

An electrical conductor or system of conductors Some important parameters are:(a). Gain - measure of the concentration of radiative power in a particular direction (b).Efficiency- a measure of the relative power radiated by the antenna. (c).Effective area - measure of the ability of the antenna to extract energy from a passing EM wave.

(d).Directivity- measure of the concentration of radiation in the direction of the maximum. (e).Input Impedence-the impedance presented by an antenna at its terminals (f).Radiation Loss - the amount of power that is lost to the load and does not return as a reflection (g).Radiation Pattern- plot of the far-field radiation properties of an antenna as a function of the spatial co-ordinates

(h).Beamwidth-the angular separation of the half-power points of the radiated pattern

MICROSTRIP ANTENNA

Planar resonant cavities that leak from their edges and radiate Consists of a radiating patch on one side of a dielectric substrate which has a ground plane on the other side Patch is of conducting material and of any possible shape.

patch radiates from fringing fields around its edges

Advantages of Patch Antennas

Light weight and low volume. Low fabrication cost, hence can be manufactured in large quantities. Supports both, linear as well as circular polarization. Can be easily integrated with microwave integrated circuits (MICs).

Disadvantages of Patch Antennas

Narrow bandwidth Low efficiency Low Gain Extraneous radiation from feeds and junctions Poor end fire radiator except tapered slot antennas Low power handling capacity.

Coaxial Feed

common technique used for feeding Microstrip patch antennas the inner conductor of the coaxial connector extends through the dielectric and is soldered to the radiating patch, while the outer conductor is connected to the ground plane

main advantage-the feed can be placed at any desired location inside the patch major disadvantage-provides narrow bandwidth and is difficult to model

Transmission Line Model

Represents the microstrip antenna by two slots of width W and height h, separated by a transmission line of length L. The microstrip is a non homogeneous line of two dielectrics

EQUATIONS USED

reff= (reff+ 1)/2 + (reff- 1)/2[1+12h/W]-1/2 L=0.412h(reff+ 0.3)(W/h + 0.264)/((reff0.258)(W/h + 0.8)) Leff=L+2 L Leff=c/(2fo(reff) W=c/(2fo((r+1)/2))

Simulation Software IE3D

full-wave electromagnetic simulator analyzes 3D and multilayer structures of general shapes

Proposed Antenna Design

The software part of design is determination of the radiation pattern and return loss curve three essential parameters for the design1) Frequency of operation (fo) 2) Dielectric constant of the substrate (r) 3) Height of dielectric substrate (h) a dual band antenna that uses two rectangular patches connected to each other using 4-briges.

Parameters used

Permittivity of substrate = 3.18 Height of substrate = 3.400 mm Frequency =2.4 GHz (due to outer patch)=5.5 GHz (due to inner patch) Bridge width = 2 mm

The dimensions of the patch are as follows Ground plane Lg = Wg = 40 mm (Square ground plane) Outer Patch L = W = w2 = 28 mm (Square outer patch) Inner Patch L = 18mm W = 15.13 mm .

Meshed dual band patch antenna

Directivity vs Frequency

Gain vs Frequency

VSWR

RETURN LOSS CURVE

True 3D Radiation Pattern

Conclusion

References

THANK YOU

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