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Ozer KOSEOGLU
WHAT IS ADMINISTRATION?
Administration is a goal-oriented, a purposive and cooperative group effort to accomplish some common goal or goals. For instance, two men cooperate to roll a stone to built a house.
WHAT IS ADMINISTRATION?
Administration excludes non-purposive and non-
cooperative group activities such as a man watching a stone. Administrative activity is as old as organized social life. It is a universal process which is carried on in a variety of public and private organizations
ELEMENTS OF ADMINISTRATION
A group activity
Influence and cooperation Purpose(s) Material and human sources (tools, people, money
etc.)
FEATURES OF ADMINISTRATION
It is a process consists of planning,
organizing, budgeting, directing (steering), coordinating and controlling. Administration is occurred in formal organization in the form of hierarchy (arrangement of items objects, names, values, positions etc. in which the items are represented as being above-below, superiorsubordinate) Ordered and coherent activities.
of the public agencies that carry out public policies in order to fulfill the state purposes in the public interest. Public administration is the activities of the executive branches of the national (central) and local governments. Public administration comprises the activities that are involved in carrying out the policies and programs of governments.
functions of the power of the public. It is a procedural and operational instrument of the state. In this sense, public administration encompasses every type of public service and organization. Public administration is an organizational execution of administration, together with provision of public services and activities. (Kapucu, Palabyk: 105)
fundemental neccessities of the people. Activities that contain desinging and implementation of public policies. Processes and procedures related to the execution of laws and administrative regulations including activities and operations of public organizations.
deliver public goods and services. Administrative organizations of government as opposed to the legislative and judicial sides
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
Executive Branch
Political Organizations
Administrative Organizations
excludes legislative and judicial branches, has an important role in the formulation of public policy, is different in significant ways from private administration (or management), is closely associated with the people in providing public services is interdisciplinary in nature as it draws upon other social sciences like political science, economics and sociology.
CAMERALISM In 1727, Friedrich Wilhelm I, decreed that a chair for Oeconomie, Policey und Kammer-Sachen (Cameral Sciences) be established at the University of Halle, in Prusia. This marked the beginning of the academic development of cameralism as sciences to be taught to future state officials.
of Administration, Political Science Quarterly, 1887. Public administration became to be seen as an independent academic discipline, apart from political science after Wilson.
and complexity of administration and public services engendered the need for a science of administration in the U.S.A. American writers had not taken an important part in the advancement of this science. It was developed by French and German professors. But it must be adapted to federal government and other decentralized forms of government.
systematic knowledge or theory. Main elements of a profession is knowledge and competency. Universities and professional schools have played a vital role for public administration to become a profession. People get the necessary knowledge in universities to become a civil servant, socializing with professional norms and in one sense improve a professional identity. Specialists of public administration use these professional information to serve citizens in an impartial and competent manner.
as well. Administration as an art, consists of deeds and acts with a practical end. Like all arts, it must be based on science, that is a knowledge of all that will make for good administration.
greater artist must know the laws of composition, of the harmony of colors and of perspective. So the successful administrator must possess knowledge of political economy, some knowledge of psychology, of general principles of government.
restricted only to the executive branch. In this sense, public administration covers primarily the organization, personnel, practices and procedures essential to effective performance of the executive branch of government. Public administration is an instrument of government for carrying on its activities. It includes all operations of government ranging from the social care to sweeping the streets.
Coordinating, Reporting, Budgeting Substantive concerns (matters of administration) such as defense, health care, education, social security and welfare, police, fire protection, agriculture, industry and so on. Public personnel administration Public financial administration Comparative public administration Public policy (the process of policy-making, the contents of policy, its implementation and the policy outputs.
universal and operates in all types of public and private organizations, and also non-governmental organizations. But on the basis of the nature of institutional setting, public administration can be roughly distinguished from private administration. Public administration is governmental administration concerned with achieving state purposes. Private administration relates to administration of private/business organizations which are more concerned with the achieving of its own purposes.
It is not possible to find out the consumption level of a service Financed by the taxes No one is excluded
techniques relating to planning, organizing, budgeting, control, coordinating and like. Both make use of common skills such as accounts-keeping and maintaining files. On the one hand the business organizations developed a sense of community service (social responsibility approach), and on the other hand, public organizations try to adapt business methods and practices such as performance management, strategic planning and human relations into public administration
PUBLIC-PRIVATE RELATIONSHIP
Public and private administration are becoming more
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Public Finance
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Raj Kumar Pruthi (2005), Theory Of Public
Administration, Discovery Publishing House. S. P. Naidu (2005), Public Administration: Concepts And Theories, New Age International Publishers, New Delhi. Haroon A. Khan (2008), Introduction to Public Administration, University Press of America.