ROSE MARIE C.

CALDERON 4TH YR BSED - MATH

DEFINITION OF TERMS RATIONAL NUMBERS - Any number that can be made by dividing one integer by another. The word comes from "ratio". - Is a number that can be in the form p/q where p and q are integers and q is not equal to zero.

Examples:

p 1 1 55
1 253 7

q 1 2 100
1000 10 0

p/q 1/1 1/2 55/100

1/1000 253/10 7/0

= 1 0.5 0.55
0.001 25.3 No! "q" can't be zero!

WHAT ARE FRACTIONS?

Fractions are for counting PART of something

The denominator tells us how many pieces something is cut into. The numerator tells how many fractional pieces there are

BASIC FRACTIONS
A fraction is part of an entire object.

1/4 is pink

1/2 is pink

3/4 is pink

4/4 or
one whole is pink

TO ADD FRACTIONS WITH THE

SAME DENOMINATOR
Keep

the common denominator and add the numerator. Example: 2/5 + 1/5= 3/5 Example: 4/10 + 3/10= 7/10
Notice

that the denominator does not change, you only add the numerator!

ADDING FRACTIONS WITH COMMON

DENOMINATORS

3 4 7 8 8 8

TRY SOME!!!

1.) 1/3 + 1/3 = 2.) 3/8 + 4/8 = 3.) 1/10 + 6/10 =

2/3 7/8 7/10

5.) 24/50 + 20/50 = 6.) 6/13 + 6/13 = 7.) 2/45 + 12/45 =

49/50 12/13 14/45

4.) 1/5 + 2/5 =

8.) 8/90 + 15/90 =

3/5

23/90

ADDING FRACTIONS WITH DIFFERENT

DENOMINATORS IS A LITTLE DIFFERENT

You

must first change the fraction before you can add fractions. The fractions must have the same denominators to add them.

ADDING FRACTIONS WITH DIFFERENT

DENOMINATORS
Problem: You cant add fractions with different denominators without getting them ready first. They will be ready to add when they have common denominators Solution: Turn fractions into equivalent fractions with a common denominator that is find the Lowest Common Multiple (LCM) of the two denominators

FINDING THE LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR

The

lowest common multiple of two numbers is the lowest number in BOTH lists of multiples
Multiples of 2 are 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 Multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, What is the lowest common multiple?

1 1 2 3

FINDING THE LOWEST COMMON DENOMINATOR

The

lowest common multiple of two numbers is the lowest number they will BOTH divide into

1 1 2 3

2 divides into 2, 4, 6, 8.. 3 divides into 3, 6, 9. What is the lowest number 2 and 3 both divide into?

1 1 2 3

You cant add fractions with different denominators

+
The Lowest Common Multiple of 2 and 3 is 6 so turn all fractions into sixths

1 3 1 2 3 2 5 2 3 3 2 6 6 6
Special form of 1

1 2 2 5
Lowest common denominator is 10 so make all fractions tenths

5 4 9 10 10 10

1 1 3 4

Turn both fractions into twelfths

4 3 7 12 12 12

? ? 3 3 2 7 2 9 14 23 1 3 7 3 7 21 21 21 21 21 21
So I multiply So I multiply 3/7 by 3/3 2/3 by 7/7
It is 3/3 It is 7/7

Finally the fractions are READY to add. I just have to add the What isnumerators the lowest number 9+14=23 What special form What special BOTH 3 and 77 divide into? of 1 will change form of 1 will to 21. Hmmmm? change 3 to is 21. It is 21. So that my Hmmmmm?????? Hmmmm? common denominator

Now 3x3=9 and 2x7=14 Now I know the new numerators

ADDING MIXED NUMBERS

Basic concepts and methods for adding mixed numbers.

DEFINITION
Mixed

Number = A mixed number is a whole number with a fraction attached.

= 3 4/5, This is read as three and four fifths.

Example

ADDING MIXED NUMBERS

Separate the fraction and the whole number sections, add them separately and recombine at the end

2 2 5 5
1 1 2 2

1 1 3 3

5 6

7 7
5 6