GARBAGE POLLUTION PREVENTION Marpol Annex V

September 2009

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(Marpol 73/78 Annex IV)

1. Shipboard Garbage Pollution Sources

Garbage means all kinds of victual, domestic and operational
waste excluding fresh fish and parts thereof, generated during the normal operation of the ship and liable to be disposed of continuously or periodically except those substances which are defined or listed in other Annexes to the present Convention.

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2. Biological / economic effects of garbage disposal
Biological effects:

Plastics do not biodegrade (animals can mistake plastic for food) - aquatic animals get trapped in plastic ropes, nets, bags,etc - plastic can kill bottom growing plants
Food waste is usually biodegradable but: - may upset balance of food chain - may promote algae blooms Economic effects:

- garbage can become attached to ships and their equipment leading to interruptions in a vessel's operations - beaches with polluted seas can have a negative effect on tourism

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Time taken for objects to dissolve at sea

Material
Tin cans Newspaper Glass Polystyrene foam Cardboard Pastic six pack rings Plastic bottles Aluminum cans Painted wood

Time to degrade
100 years 6 weeks Indefinate Indefinate 2 - 4 months 400 years + 450 years 200 years 13 years

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3. Special Areas according to MARPOL:

Mediterranean, Baltic, Black Sea, Red Sea, The Gulfs Area,Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman,The North Sea, The Antarctic, The Wider Caribbean Region including Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
Note: The Great Barrier Reef. The nearest land as defined in MARPOL, off the North - east of Australia, is to be considered as the outer edge of The Great Barrier Reef and not the mainland. As such, all discharges (including food waste) are prohibited in The Great Barrier Reef region.

The Special Area requirements for these areas have not taken effect because of lack of notifications from MARPOL Parties whose coastlines border the relevant special areas on the existence of adequate reception facilities. Click here for: "Adoption, entry into force and date of taking effect of Special Areas"

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V.Ships consider the following areas to be environmentally sensitive and therefore to be considered the same as a MARPOL special area unless discharge of garbage is considered absolutely essential for the efficient operation of the ship:
Inside the US EEZ (200 miles from the nearest coast or territorial island) Irish Sea Inland Sea of Japan Malacca Strait from One Fathom Bank to Horsburgh

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4. REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE AT SEA
Garbage Type Outside Special Areas In Special Areas

Plastics including ropes, nets, bags Floating dunnage, lining, packing materials Ground down*paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery, etc

Disposal prohibited >25 miles offshore * >3 miles offshore

Disposal prohibited Disposal prohibited Disposal prohibited

Cargo residues, paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery etc
Food waste comminuted or ground ** Incinerator ashes***

>12 miles offshore

>12 miles offshore >12 miles offshore

Disposal prohibited
>12 miles offshore Disposal prohibited

* offshore meaning from the nearest land are base lines from which territorial sea is measured ** Comminuted or ground garbage must pass through a screen with a mesh size no larger than 25mm. *** Vessel's incinerator must be able to burn plastics. Ash generated from plastic incineration is not to be discharged in any sea area. Incineration of Polyvinyl Chlorides (PVCs) shall be prohibited except in incinerators for which IMO type approval certificates have been issued.

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Exceptions
When the garbage is mixed with other discharges having different disposal or discharge requirements the more stringent requirements shall apply.
Regulations related to garbage disposal, shall not apply to: securing the safety of life or the ship; or the escape of garbage resulting from damage to a ship or its equipment provided all reasonable precautions have been taken before and after the damage, for the purpose of preventing or minimizing the escape; or the accidental loss of synthetic fishing nets or synthetic material incidental to the repair of such nets, provided that all reasonable precautions have been taken to prevent such loss.

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5. Reception facilities
1. The Government of each Party to the Convention has to provide appropriate facilities at ports and terminals for the reception of garbage, without causing undue delay to ships. 2. The Government of each Party has to notify the IMO of all cases where the facilities provided under this Regulation are inadequate.
Remarks: Some ports (particularly members of the Paris MOU) now require advance warning of waste to be disposed of. The waste includes oil, chemicals, ballast, sewage and garbage. The method of reporting this is to send Company form SAF13 to the agents prior to arrival. Note that this form may be required even if no waste is to be landed. The local agent is to be asked to confirm accordingly.

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6. Port State Control on operational requirements*
1. when in port a ship can be inspected by authorized PSC officers 2. if the master or crew are not familiar with essential shipboard procedures preventing pollution by garbage, all should be done to ensure that the situation has been brought to order 3. if ships equipment is broken or missing or ship has suffered damages en route, Port Authorities must be informed accordingly and if remedies were agreed with the flag state, the ship is not to be detained.

* Refer to the Procedures for port State control resolution A.787(19) as amended by resolution A.882(21);

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7. Placards, garbage management plans and garbage record-keeping
7.1. Placards
posters (notices) are to be displayed in the working language of the ship and English or French or Spanish, informing crew and passengers of the disposal requirements of garbage on board ships 12 or more meters long (for V.Ships Garbage Collection and Disposal Requirements click here)

7.2. Garbage management plan

all ships of 400 gross tonnage and above and ships carrying more than 15 persons shall carry a Garbage Management Plan and Garbage Disposal Record (Garbage Record Book)

For V.Ships GARBAGE MANAGEMENT PLAN included as Section 3 of Ship Sanitation Control Manual click here

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The Plan should include :

- written procedures for: collecting, storing, processing and disposing of garbage (using onboard equipment) - the designated person in charge of carrying out the plan The Plan should be :
- in the working language of the crew and adapted for individual ships - regularly reviewed and checked by the Master if the it is being correctly adapted as part of his weekly inspections.

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7.3. Collection of Garbage
- containers for collecting garbage - clearly marked by the appropriate colours and additionally by stencil.

- food waste is to be collected only in mess rooms, galleys, and food preparation areas

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7.4. Processing of Garbage
Ships may be provided with onboard incinerators, compactors, comminuters or other equipment for garbage processing Advantages of such facilities: disposal of certain garbage possible at sea onboard storage space reduction helpful in unloading garbage at a port allowing absorption of some types of garbage

Garbage should be processed under the categories included in Par.4 attached Table entitled: REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE AT SEA Processing must ensure that the minimum amount of garbage or waste is disposed of to shore.

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7.5. Incineration
Shipboard incinerators installed on or after 01 January, 2000 are required to comply with IMO specification MEPC 76 (40). Existing incinerators installed before 01 January, 2000 are acceptable provided they are type approved in accordance with MEPC 59 (33).
NOTE: Existing incinerators that are not type approved may still be utilized provided they are not used for Polyvinyl Chlorides (PVC s).

Incineration of the following substances is prohibited (ref: MARPOL Annex VI): a) Cargo Residues and related contaminated packing materials (Annex I, II, III) b) Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) c) Garbage containing more than a trace of heavy metals (used in coatings, paints, packaging, etc.) d) Refined petroleum products containing halogen compounds
Click here for Operation of Incinerators Instruction (VMS FO 6.5.5.f)

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7.6. Storing and disposing of garbage
All disposal of garbage must be consistent with MARPOL 73/78 Regulations included in Par.4 ,Table entitled: REQUIREMENTS FOR DISPOSAL OF GARBAGE AT SEA All processed and unprocessed garbage shall be: - stored in tight, good condition, securely covered containers so that no garbage is released into the environment. (also required by Port Health and Agriculture Authorities in many countries from a health and disease control point of view) - landed to reception facilities ashore and the Master shall ensure that all local regulations are adhered to - processed according to the vessels local agent requirements such as segregation, cleanliness of garbage and disposal containers / transportation bags
Note: USDA (United States Dept of Agriculture) restricts the type of waste for vessels going to USA, where food waste not originating from USA or Canada has to be separated. Food waste also includes anything contaminated with food , packaging, wrapping etc

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7.7. Garbage Disposal Record Book (Garbage Record Book)
The Garbage Disposal Record should be used :

when garbage is discharged in the sea when garbage is discharged to reception facilities ashore or to another ship when garbage is incinerated for any accidental or exceptional discharge of garbage. on board for minimum 2 years and to be available for inspection by port officials for receipts or certificates for any garbage landed ashore (including the type of garbage and estimated amount). These receipts are to be kept for a minimum of 2 years.

Click here for Garbage Disposal Record Book (SAF14) Click here for Waste Delivery Receipt form.

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7.8. Items entered into the Garbage Record Book:
1. Date and Time 2. Position of the ship (where cargo residues are disposed of at sea, the discharge start and stop positions must be recorded) 3. Estimated amount and category discharged into the sea (m3) 4. Estimated amount and category discharged to reception facilities(m3) 5. Estimated amount and category incinerated (m3)
Each discharge operation, or completed incineration, shall be recorded and signed by the officer in charge. Each completed page of the Garbage Record Book shall be signed by the master of the ship. The entries in the GRB shall be at least in English, French or Spanish. Where the entries are also made in an official language of the State whose flag the ship is entitled to fly, these entries shall prevail in case of a dispute or discrepancy.

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7.9. Garbage Record Book inspections
1. The competent authority may inspect the Garbage Record Book on board any ship while the ship is in ports or offshore terminals and may make a copy of any entry in that book, and may require the master of the ship to certify that the copy is a true copy of such an entry.

2. Any copy which has been certified by the master of the ship as a true copy of an entry in the ships Garbage Record Book, shall be admissible in any judicial proceedings as evidence of the facts stated in the entry.

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8. Inadequacy of Reception Facilities

it is recognised that the discharge of garbage in some ports is difficult. Table 3 of Garbage Management Plan gives a recommended reporting format which allows the master to report on any inadequacy discovered. where reception facilities are considered inadequate, the agent is to be given this report which must be forwarded to the relevant authorities. A copy is also to be sent to the Company.