Rakon Limited

Small Cells Product Update

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Overview
High Technology Company
Design and manufacturer of frequency control products and solutions

Global Presence
Over 2100 staff in 8 manufacturing plants and 14 sales offices

Public Company Complete Range

Full range of frequency control solutions
OCXO, VCXO, TCXO, XO, Crystal, SAW, Module, Tuning Fork
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

IPO 2006. RAK.NZ HQ Auckland NZ Founded in 1967 by Warren Robinson. Continuous operation

Rakon Markets

40%

30%

20%

Mobile
Smart Phones Tablets Netbooks Cell Phones

Telecom
Network Infrastructure Small Cells Network timing

Positioning
PND Sport & Recreation Emergency Beacon

Fibre optic line cards

Surveying & Agriculture

Automotive In Dash

Global frequency control market >US$ 3 billion

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

10%
Hi-Rel
Space Aviation Defence Marine

Small Cells Clocking

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Need for frequency and phase sync

Mobile systems are based on cell based architecture, each cell (called Base (transceiver) station or Node-B) covering a specific area and connected to a central location (Called RNC) Frequency accuracy limit and phase error limit is required to support
Support exact cell frequencies for better network design Handle the effect of doppler shifts of moving mobile units Manage the handover of moving mobile units from one base station Support broadcasting of video and other multimedia content

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Air Interface Requirements

Air Interface technology Required frequency accuracy Required phase error Time alignment requirement

CDMA2000 GSM UMTS-FDD/WCDMA (FDD)

50 ppb 50 ppb 50 ppb(Wide area) 100 ppb(Local area) 250 ppb(Home BS) 50 ppb(Wide area) 12.8s (MBMS-SFN)

10s (3s preferred) (1) N/A N/A

UMTS-TDD/WCDMA (TDD) TD-SCDMA LTE (FDD)

100 ppb(Local area) 250 ppb(Home BS) 50 ppb 50 ppb(Wide area) 100 ppb(Local area) 250 ppb(Home eNB)

2.5s(2) 3s(2) 12.8s (eMBMS-SFN)

N/A N/A N/A

3s/10s (2) LTE (TDD) 50 ppb 1.33+Tpropagation s (3) 12.8s (eMBMS-SFN) Mobile WiMAX (802.16e/m)-FDD Mobile WiMAX (802.16e/m)-TDD 50 ppb 50 ppb 1s (2) N/A N/A N/A

Thursday, 5 September 2013

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

FDD based Small Cells

Rakons strength is high performance VC-TCXO
At costs affordable for Small Cells

PHY

Time Stamping Clock

Clock Multiplier

SOC
PTP/NTP Stack & Servo DAC or PWM block Filter Rakon VC-TCXO

Radio

Radio Clock

Thursday, 5 September 2013

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

TDD Implementations are complex

This generic diagram supports all types of sync interfaces GPS, PTP/NTP and SyncE

Time Stamping Clocks

Ethernet PHY

SoC (Network Protocols + Modem)

Filter

NTP/1588 extracted 1PPS NTP/1588 Clock

TCVCXO

Radio Clocks

Sync SyncE Extracted Clock Block

10M 1PPS Traditional Clock 2M, 1.544M 1PPS

Radio C

GPS Module

Thursday, 5 September 2013

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Rakon - Key technical strengths

Linearity of voltage control
To ensure the compensation remains perfect at any VCXO Voltage
Patented 3rd order polynomial varactor linearisation circuit (also known as the Pre-distort function)
linearises the frequency control for both compensation and VCXO (aging) adjust voltage

Completely unique feature

Best F v T performances
For various stability requirements

Excellent phase noise performance

The device can directly drive the radio interfaces

Low Power consumption

400mW vs 1.5-2W in conventional OCXO; key in PoE

Thursday, 5 September 2013

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

10

Pre-distort Function
Patented 3rd order polynomial varactor diode linearisation circuit
The relationship between varactor voltage and varactor capacitance is linearised In practice this means that as a RAKON TCXO ages and is adjusted back to frequency using the Vc pin, its frequency versus temperature remains in specification and does not tilt (see figure 1 below) Other manufacturers TCXOs can go out of specification with time Rakons do not
Fig 1 Oscillator with linearisation turned off
Fig 2 Same Oscillator with linearisation turned on

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

11

Update on US-TCXOs
May 2013

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

US-TCXO Portfolio - overview

Pluto
Frequency Stability Frequency Slope 10 to 40MHz 0.10ppm (0 to 70C) 0.14ppm (-40 to 85C) 20ppb/C (-55 to 85C )

RTX5032A
5 to 52 MHz 0.05ppm (0 to 70C) 0.10ppm (-40 to 85C) 20 ppb/C (-40 to 85C)

Pluto+
10 to 50MHz 0.05ppm (0 to 70C) 0.10ppm (-40 to 85C) 10-20ppb/C (-55 to 85C )

Phase Noise For 20MHz device

-65dBc/Hz @ 1Hz -110dBc/Hz @100Hz -135dBc/Hz @ 100kHz

1 year <1ppm max 10 year <3ppm max 7x5mm 5x3mm No

-63dBc/Hz @ 1Hz -118Bc/Hz @100Hz -153dBc/Hz @ 100kHz

1 year <1ppm max 10 year <3ppm max 7x5mm 5x3mm Yes 5mV/C

-70dBc/Hz @ 1Hz -130dBc/Hz @100Hz -155dBc/Hz @ 100kHz -160dBc/Hz @ 1MHz

1 year <1ppm max 10 year <3ppm max 7x5mm 5x3mm (in 3 months) Yes 3mV/C
13

Ageing Packages Temperature Sensor

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Pluto/Pluto+ TCXO Overview

Phase Noise improvement exceptional

Pluto Pluto+

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

14

Mercury IC based OCXO

Parameter Performance

Mercury 9x7 construction

Form factors

SM 9 x 7 x 4 mm SM 14 x 9 x 6 mm DIL 20 x 13 x 6 mm
10ppb (-20/70C) 20ppb (-40/85C) 400mW 0.09ppb / 1s
-96 dBc/Hz @ 10Hz -152 dBc/Hz @ 10kHz

Stability (in still air) Power Short term stab Phase noise

Warm up time Slope Ageing

<5minutes <2ppb/C 2ppb/day* 0.5ppm/year*

*frequencies 26MHz, after 30 days of continuous operation

Thursday, 5 September 2013

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

15

Performance Vs Cost comparison

Rakon oscillators meet frequency performance easily. Phase performance is tough to meet but Rakon is one of the best available in the market today
Oscillator Parameters Time to reach phase error limit with +/-20 temperature variation @ 10C/hour Constant Temp, Calm air Total Phase movement 24 Hours Cost Indicator

Rakon Oscillator Type

1S Freq v Temp Daily Ageing OCXO OCXO OCXO Low Power OCXO TCXO 0.5ppb 0.1ppb/day 1.0ppb 0.5ppb/day 5ppb 1ppb/day 10ppb 2ppb/day 100ppb 40ppb/day 5 Min 3 Hours 1 Hour 30 min 20 Min

3 S

7 S

12 Hours 6 Hour 2 Hours 35 Min

36 Hours 12 Hour 4 Hours 55 Min

3 15 50 100

$4x $2x $x $0.5x

10 Min

15 Min

1000

$0.25x

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Reference Design Partners - SOC

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Reference Design Partners Timing and Radio

Timing Solution Partners

Semtech

Silicon Labs

Radio Solution Partners

Lime Micro
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

Other Clocks on Small Cells

Ethernet PCIe CPRI WiFi RGMII SGMII USB
VCTCXO

SoC

Radio

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

19

Telecommunications and Smart Wireless Devices Markets

Applications & Technologies
Highest Performance Lowest Cost
Stratum 2, Stratum 3E, Stratum 3, Network timing and synchronisation, Base station, Enterprise Femtocell, Small cell, etc. Stratum 3, Telecom and data communication, Femtocell, Small cell, General purpose, Automotive, GPS phone, etc. Base station, Small Cell, Remote Radio Head RRH/RRU, SONET/SDH, Mobile Backhaul, Set Top Box, Enterprise Storage, etc. Base station, SONET/SDH, DFDW, PON, 10/40/100GEthernet, DOCSIS, Cable Termination, consumer, portables, etc.

Rakon solutions
OCXO
Mercury OCXO ROX OCXO Double oven stability OCXO

TCXO
High stability IT TCXO Ultra stable Pluto/RTX TCXO Hybrid customs

VCXO
Ultra low phase noise M seriesLow jitter Q/P/R series Low cost commercial X-Series

XO
Ultra low phase noise M seriesLow jitter Q/P/R series MEMS Dual output MFO Fast turnaroundPCI-expressThunderbird

GPS, Handset, Communications, Consumer grade products, etc.

Quartz Crystal Resonator

Strip SMD RSX crystal Temperature sensing crystal Tuning fork crystal HC-49 crystal

CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION

20