THERMAL IMAGING CAMERA

Presented by Pushpendra Kr. Singh 2011CRF2279

Flow of presentation
What is thermal imaging Infrared radiation Thermal imaging camera components Image interpretation Types o TIC Specification of TIC Application

Thermal Imaging
Thermal Imaging is :
Detection of Infrared Radiation Translation of the detected energy levels into a viewable image

It is a way to look at the Heat Signature of an object or person

IR Radiation

Infrared Subdivision
As per International Commission on Illumination Infrared is subdivided as :
IR-A: 0.7 m 1.4 m IR-B: 1.4 m 3 m IR-C: 3 m 1000 m

A commonly used sub-division scheme

Near-infrared 0.78-1.4 m in wavelength, cant see through smoke, used in fiber optic telecommunication because of low attenuation losses in the SiO2 glass (silica) medium.
Short-wavelength infrared : 1.4-3 m, water absorption increases significantly at 1,450 nm. The 1,530 to 1,560 nm range is the dominant spectral region for long-distance telecommunications Mid-wavelength infrared : 3-8 m. Used in IR homing heads of guided missile (passive heat seeking missiles)

Continued
Long-wavelength infrared : 815 m. This is the "thermal imaging" region, in which sensors can obtain a completely passive picture of the outside world based on thermal emissions only and requiring no external light or thermal source such as the sun, moon or infrared illuminator.

Far infrared (FIR): 15 - 1,000 m. Used in far infrared laser.

Basic Components of TIC

Lens IR Detector
Electronic Signal

Display Screen

IR Waves

Signal Processor

Thermograms

Thermogram of a Lion

Thermogram of a Dog

Image Interpretation
Hottest Objects : White or Light Shades Coolest Objects : Black or Darker Shades Display is relative to the area viewed i.e. Thermal Contrast How well objects stand out from one another, related to detector sensitivity and the variance of temperature in

objects being viewed

Objects that have a high temperature variation, in relation to the surrounding background, can be seen at greater

distances.

Image Interpretation
Low Contrast Background is faded together, victim is almost the same shade as the background

High Contrast Background and victim are distinct shades Better image of the Victim

Types of TICs
There are two common types of thermalimaging devices:
Uncooled Cryogenically cooled

Specifications of TIC
Number of pixels Minimum resolvable temperature difference (MRTD) Field of view Dynamic range Mass and volume Scan rate Cost

Applications of TIC
Night vision Fire fighting operations Military and police target detection & acquisition Predictive maintenance (early failure warning) on mechanical & electrical equipment. Moisture detection in walls & roofs. Non-destructive testing. Search & rescue operation. Medical testing for diagnosis

References
http://www.flir.com Paper on Infrared radiation by Lynn Bryant Wikipedia www.docstop.com Principles of Thermal imaging by Jacob Thompson