3.

2 :

A: Sorting Living Organisms into Groups

Classification = the sorting of things into groups - compare the similarities and differences among them Group = when an organisms is put together in the same features or characteristic together

Living organisms
Animals Plants

Living in water

Living on land

Living in water

Living on land

Most animals are invertebrates.

Classification of Animals Animals

Vertebrates
Animals with back bones

invertebrates Animals without back bones

Animals Vertebrates invertebrates

Fish

Reptiles

Birds

Amphibian

Mammals

Classifying vertebrates Animals

Vertebrates

Fish

Reptiles

Birds

Amphibian

Mammals

Common characteristic for classifying: i. Habitats ii. Warm blooded or cold blooded iii.How they move iv.Body surface v. Type of respiration vi.Reproduction methods

Vertebrate groups FISH (Pisces)

Common characteristic

Tail

Habitats: Water Sea horse Blood: Cold blooded (poikilotherm) Eel Body shape: Streamlined Moving : Swimming (fin, tail ) Body surface: Covered scales Respiration: Gills Reproduction methods: lay eggs tuna without shells. Few fish like shark give birth to live baby Dorsal fin gill fish

Anal fin

fins

Fish swim bladder (for floating)

Fish scales (sisik)

Vertebrate groups Amphibian

Toad

Common characteristic
Habitats: Water and land Blood: Cold blooded (poikilotherm) Body shape: Varies Moving : Swimming, four limbs to jump Body surface: Moist skin Respiration: Gills (baby), lungs (adult) Reproduction methods: lay eggs without shells in water.

Frog

Salamander

Vertebrate groups Reptiles

Crocodile

Common characteristic
Habitats: Water and land Blood: Cold blooded (poikilotherm) Body shape: Varies Moving : Swimming, four limbs to crawl Body surface: dry, tough, scaly skin Respiration: lungs Reproduction methods: lay eggs with thick shells to prevent from drying out

Tortoise

Snake

Lizard

Vertebrate groups Birds

Ostriches

Common characteristic
Habitats: on land Blood: warm blooded (homeotherm) Moving : use wings to fly. Not all birds can fly Body surface: covered with feathers Respiration: lungs Reproduction methods: lay eggs with shells Have beaks to peck and tear food

Red tailed tropic

Penguins

Bird physiology

Type of bird feathers

Vertebrate groups Mammals

Common characteristic
Habitats: Water and land Blood: warm blooded (homeotherm) Body shape: Varies Moving : Swimming, four limbs to walk and run Body surface: hair or fur Respiration: lungs Reproduction methods: give bith to young. -Female have mammary gland to feed milk to their young ones -Have pair of external ears

Monkey Bats

Mammals feed mothers milk to their young ones

Blue whale

Platypus

Verreauxs Sifaka

Classification of Invertebrates No back bones Small size Invertebrates Basic characteristic

Simple body structure

Some have exoskeleton

Invertebrates Animal with joint legs 3 pair of legs-insects Animal without joint legs Worm-like

4 pair of legsscorpion, spiders

More than 4 pair of legs-Crab, prawn, millipedes.

Non worm-like

Invertebrates Animal with joint legs Have 3 characteristic: Segmented bodyBody have divide to many parts Hard exoskeleton Have or More legs

Animal with joint legs

Beetle

Dragonfly

wasp

Stag beetle

Invertebrates with 3 pairs legs

Spiders Spiny lobster

Invertebrates with 4 pairs legs

Crabs
Hermit crabs

Centipedes

Prawns
Invertebrates with more than 4 pairs legs

Invertebrates Animal without joint legs Worm-like

Non worm-like

Turbellarian

Earthworm

Planarian

Bloods flukes Worm-like invertebrate

Starfish

Portuguese man of war

Snails

Sponge

Non-worm-like invertebrate