3G RANOP RU30

KPI definition

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Course Content
KPI definition Performance monitoring Air interface optimization Traffic monitoring Capacity enhancement

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Module Objectives
At the end of the module you will be able to:

Describe the principles of 3G optimization Give an overview about the performance measurements and new
features offered by RU30

Discuss the purpose of the most important KPIs (setup, access,

drop, mobility and throughput performance) and the factors impacting them

Soc Classification level 3 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction

Soc Classification level 4 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Principles of 3G network optimization

Optimization strategy

Quality & Key Performance

Radio/Signaling capabilities Transmission capacity Core/Mobility performance

RAN parameters

Performance indicators

Counters (OSS/NetAct)

HW capability

Cell Capacity

RRM/Field/installation

Cell Coverage

Soc Classification level 5 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Principles of 3G network optimization

Optimization strategy
Target issues for optimizations are e.g. To achieve coverage and capacity RAN improvements by tuning of interference situations within the network Therefore check RRM to ensure that the RAN offers planned coverage for each targeted service

Evaluate high capacity i.e. low blocking for new calls and handovers Observe network performance by overall counters (NetAct, RNC counters) Define quality indicators and compare KPIs by triggering points Check overall Quality of Service at RAN, transmission and core Optimize the use of available capacity by priorities
Continuously monitoring/adjusting how the available resources are used in accordance with user requests !

Soc Classification level 6 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Principles of 3G network optimization

Key performance indicator improvement
COUNTER
Descriptive statistics
Yes

COUNTER
statistics Targets

PERFORMANCE
Targets

No

Performance evaluation Failure causes Event / Action item

Targets fulfilled ? No activities Optimisation Signaling / user plane Event / Action item / improvement

Evaluation Failure causes Uu / WBTS / AAL2 / RNC

Key Performance indicator

Signaling / Traffic RT/NRT

RRC / RAB / CORE

Indication KPI

Soc Classification level 7 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Principles of 3G network optimization

Quality benchmark
Operator can define several KPIs: Blocking rate (e.g. for RRC 0.5%, RT RAB 1%, NRT RAB 0.1%, PS session 5%) Call drop rate (e.g. for RT RAB 0.5%, NRT RAB 2%) Handover success rate (e.g. for SHO 95%, for ISHO 80%) Report statistics generated by vendor MML commands (WBTS, RNC) Evaluated for accessibility, retainability, usage, mobility and integrity (BLER)

Graphical representation of statistics (e.g. NetAct Report Suite)

In addition reporting and monitoring by probes

Soc Classification level 8 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

Principles of 3G network optimization

KPI principle and definition

KPI

Number_of_ events_with_desired_ result(e.g .successfu l_call_setups) Number_of_ all_events (e.g.all_c all_setup_attempts)

*100%

KPI counts events

Operator must specify target value to evaluate performance Limited qualitative analysis only, as no detailed failure causes Arithmetic mean only, but no discussion of statistical scatter

Soc Classification level 9 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Principles of 3G network optimization

KPI principle and definition
The KPIs to be monitored for the RAN could be e.g.

Cell availability Call Setup Success Rate CSSR Packet session setup success rate (NRT, HSDPA, HSUPA) Call Drop rate SHO / ISHO / HSPA serving cell change success rate
In NOLS

WCDMA RAN Key Performance Indicators RNC counter description NetAct data base description for RNC measurements Key Performance Indicator Changes Measurement Changes

Soc Classification level 10 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction

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Principles of performance measurements

RAN KPI classification according functionality
The RAN KPI can be classified into the following categories Accessibility Retainability Usage Mobility Integrity (BLER)
BS GPRS Backbone FMT 3G SGSN GGSN PS data server Firewall Internet

RAN KPI

RNC

3G MSC PSTN

Modem

CS data server

Soc Classification level 12 Nokia Siemens Networks

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Principles of performance measurements

Relocation

RNC1 SRNC
Accessibility: RRC Setup & Access Rate RAB Setup & Access Rate Call Setup Success Rate

RNC2 DRNC

Usage: Average UL Load Average DL Load BTS2 BTS1

X Pre-emption

UE

X
Retainability: RRC Drop Rate RAB Drop Rate
Soc Classification level 13 Nokia Siemens Networks

Mobility: SHO Success Rate SHO Overhead

RN31571EN30GLA0

Principles of performance measurements

RAN KPI classification according network element

RNC radio network counter # 1xxx W-BTS counter (HSPA, CE, CQI) 50xx / 51xx AXC counter 52xx RNC PDH counter 1xx RNC signalling counter (SCCP) 2xx RNC ATM /IP transport counter 5xx/8xx RNC DSP counter 6xx
Soc Classification level 14 Nokia Siemens Networks

# # # # # #

RNC multi-controller counter (CPU) # 2xxx

RN31571EN30GLA0

New counters and performance measurements RU30

RNC radio network part measurements with new counters new measurements
M1000 Cell resource M1001 Service level M1002 Traffic M1003 L3 signaling at Iu M1004 L3 signaling at Iur M1005 L3 signaling at Iub M1006 RRC signaling M1007 Soft handover M1008 Intra-system hard handover M1009 L3 relocation signaling M1010 Inter-system handover M1011 Location services M1012 Service area broadcast M1013 Autodef SHO M1014 Autodef IFHO M1015 Autodef ISHO
Soc Classification level 15 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

M1016 RCPM OLPC M1017 RCPM RLC M1018 RCPM UEQ M1021 Iu-PC Interface M1022 Packet call M1023 Cell throughput M1024 RCPM OLPC WCEL M1025 RCPM OLPC RNC M1026 RCPM RLC WCEL M1027 RCPM RLC RNC M1028 Autodef SHO DSR M1031 WBTS Resource M1032 CS Voice HSPA User Plane M1033 CPICH Quality (EC/I0 and RSCP statistics)

New counters and performance measurements RU30

W-BTS part measurements with new counters new measurements
M5000 HSPA in WBTS Measurement M5001 WBTS HW Resource Measurement M5002 Cell Throughput in WBTS Measurement M5003 Frame Protocol in WBTS Measurement M5004 Signaling Load in WBTS Measurement M5005 HSPA in WBTS Extension Measurement (number of DC HSPA users, PIC state) M5006 WBTS R99 HW Measurement (CE for R99 and AMR over HSPA) M5101 FTM PDH Interface Measurement M5102 FTM SDH Interface Measurement M5105 FTM ATM Interface Measurement M5106 FTM ATM VC Connection Measurement M5107 FTM ATM VC Connection Measurement M5110 FTM Ethernet Link Measurement M5113 FTM Pseudowire MPLS Measurement M5114 FTM PSN Tunnel IP Measurement

Soc Classification level 16 Nokia Siemens Networks

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New counters and performance measurements RU30

W-BTS part measurements with new counters new measurements
M5115 AAL2 Scheduling Performance in BTS Measurement M5116 FTM Timing over Packet Measurement M5117 FTM IP Statistics Measurement M5118 FTM PHB Statistics Measurement M5119 FTM CES over PSN Interface Measurement M5120 FTM CES over PSN pseudowire tunnel Measurement M5121 FTM CES over PSN Pseudowire Measurement M5122 FTM IPSec Measurement M5123 FTM VLAN PHB Statistics Measurement M5124 FTM VLAN IP Statistics Measurement M5125 FTM VLAN Statistics Measurement M5126 FTM TWAMP Statistics Measurement M5127 PPP Multi Link Statistics Measurement M5128 PPP Single Link Statistics Measurement

Soc Classification level 17 Nokia Siemens Networks

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New counters and performance measurements RU30

RNC transport and HW part
145 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 513 514 516 528 529 530 531 532 533 546 547 548 549

measurements with new counters new measurements

PDH Statistics MTP Signalling link availability MTP signalling link performance MTP signalling link utilization MTP signalling point status MTP Signalling link set and route set availability MTP Signalling traffic report of signalling points MTP Signalling traffic report of user parts MTP matrix signalling traffic SCCP signalling point SCCP subsystem SCCP local subsystem availability SCCP single meters STM-1 Interface IMA Logical Interface SONET/SDH Protection Group meas ATM layer performance ATM Virtual Path Connection ATM Virtual Channel Connection ATM Route Load ATM Interface ATM VCC Bundle SAAL signalling protocol at UNI AAL5 Protocol Measurement in DMX AAL2 signalling protocol at UNI AAL5 Protocol Meas. in CHORUS
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Soc Classification level 18 Nokia Siemens Networks

New counters and performance measurements RU30

RNC transport and HW part
550 552 553 563 564 565 566 567 568 592 594 608 609 610 612 615 617 661 800 801 802 803 804 2002 2004 2007 AAL2 path CAC resource AAL2 signalling at NNI AAL2 Scheduling Performance in RNC TCP/IP Protocol Ethernet Interface Performance IP measurement on IP interface UDP measurement on IP interface IP QoS measurement IP Based Route measurement Unit Load WAC overload control Availability Performance DSP service statistics L2 Resource Utilization (multi-controller) DSP state changes DSP Resource Utilization DSP load M3UA Association Set AAL2 Resource Reservation Iu-PS Performance RNC capacity usage RNC RTP/RTCP RNC IP CAC CPU Usage (multi-controller) Networking Logical (multi-controller) Node Level CPU load (multi-controller)
RN31571EN30GLA0

measurements with new counters new measurements

Soc Classification level 19 Nokia Siemens Networks

Principles of performance measurements

New performance measurement features RU30
Performance monitoring Automatic object list update User management for online monitoring Feature Number RAN1438 RAN2290

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Principles of performance measurements

New HW and SW features in RU30

RAN
RAN1912

New Feature
MIMO and 64QAM

RAN1907
RAN1269 RAN1575

Dual cell HSDPA with MIMO and 64QAM

4Rx diversity Flexi 3 sector RF module 1900 MHz

RAN1637 RAN1911
RAN2172 RAN2171

HS Cell_FACH on DL Enhanced serving cell change

Multi band load balancing and blind inter-frequency HO Dynamic HSDPA BLER

RAN1308 RAN1702

HSUPA interference cancellation receiver Frequency domain equalizer

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KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction
- KPI Factors - Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

- Mobility -Throughput

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KPI factors
Factors affecting KPIs

BTS, RNC, PS Core, CS Core performance

Performance of UE and field measurement tools

IMPACT of network performance

Quality of network implementation Quality of network operation and maintenance Application servers, IP backbone performance

Soc Classification level 23 Nokia Siemens Networks

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KPI factors
Factors affecting KPIs
Many factors and network elements can affect network performance, e.g. Quality of network equipment, both hardware and software (BTS, RNC, PS and CS core, transmission equipment) Performance of UE and field measurement tools (inter-operability, sensitivity of measurement parameters, level of accuracy) Quality of network planning and optimization (coverage, interference, parameter tuning, capacity dimensioning, site acquisition) Quality of network implementation (site and network equipment installation, integration and commissioning) Quality of network operation and maintenance Multi-vendor environment (application servers, IP backbone, core versus RAN)

Measurement method (test setup, service dependency, cluster or system level, clutter type)

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KPI factors
UE impact on performance

RNC

UE power consumption UE power spiking UE Sensitivity

W-BTS Server

Power control RACH process

UE
UE IP configuration Support of robust IP header compression UE Measurement performance Cell reselection UE feature support SHO Cell_PCH Relocation 64 QAM Inter-RAT mobility MIMO Dual cell HSPA
RN31571EN30GLA0

Soc Classification level 25 Nokia Siemens Networks

KPI factors
UE impact on performance
The functionalities of different UEs are not similar, there are differences in Power control and RACH process SRNC relocation support Cell FACH/PCH performance Cell reselection and inter-RAT mobility Throughput (e.g. during SHO) UE power consumption UE power spiking UE Measurement performance (cell reselection, Cell_DCH, ISHO) UE Sensitivity Data card throughput Malfunctioning of certain UEs will naturally cause drops in setup or active phase

Soc Classification level 26 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction
- KPI Factors - Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

- Mobility -Throughput

Soc Classification level 27 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction RRC setup

Definition RRC connection (service level measurements M1001)
UE RRC: Connection Request RRC Connection Setup phase Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission RRC: Connection Setup RRC Connection Access phase RNC waits reply from UE RRC setup success rate BTS RNC CN

RRC: Connection Setup Complete

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KPI construction RRC setup

RRC setup success rate (voice)
RRC_setup_ success_rate attempts_for_RRC_voi ce_connection_setups failures_o f_RRC_voic e_connection_setups attempts_for_RRC_voi ce_connection_setups

MOC_CONV_CALL_ATTS MOC_CONV_CALL_FAILS MTC_CONV_CALL_ATTS MTC_CONV_CALL_FAILS EMERGENCY_ CALL_ATTS EMERGENCY_ CALL_FAILS RRC_ACC_RE L_EMERGENCY RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_CONV RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_CONV RRC_setup_success_ra te MOC_CONV_CALL_ATTS MTC_CONV_CALL_ATTS EMERGENCY_ CALL_ATTS RRC_ATT_REP_MO_CONV RRC_ATT_REP_MT_CONV RRC_ATT_REP_EMERGENCY RRC_ACC_RE L_EMERGENCY RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_CONV RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_CONV RRC_CONN_STP_REJ_EMERG_CALL

REP = repetitive attempt due to RRC connection reject NOT treated as fault, if user finally gets service Emergency calls redirected to GSM

REL = cell reselection during setup UE does not respond to RNC in 1st cell But requests service again in 2nd cell

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KPI construction RRC setup

RRC setup success rate (NRT)
MOC_INTER_CALL_ATTS MOC_INTER_CALL_FAILS MOC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTS MOC_BACKG_ CALL_FAILS MTC_INTER_CALL_ATTS MTC_INTER_CALL_FAILS MTC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTS MTC_BACKG_ CALL_FAILS MOC_HIGH_PRIOR_SIGN_ATTS - MOC_HIGH_PRIOR_SIGN_FAILS MTC_HIGH_PRIOR_SIGN_ATTS - MTC_HIGH_PRIOR_SIGN_FAILS RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_INTER RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_BACKG RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_INTER RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_BACKG RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_HIGH_PR_SIGN - RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_HIGH_PR_SIGN RRC_setup_success_ra te MOC_INTER_CALL_ATTS MOC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTS MOC_HIGH_PRIOR_SIGN_ATTS MTC_HIGH_PRIOR_SIGN_ATTS MTC_INTER_CALL_ATTS MTC_BACKG_ CALL_ATTS RRC_ATT_REP_MO_INTER RRC_ATT_REP_MT_INTER RRC_ATT_REP_MO_HIGH_PR_SIGN - RRC_ATT_REP_MT_HIGH_PR_SIGN RRC_ATT_REP_MO_BACKG RRC_ATT_REP_MT_BACKG RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_INTER RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_BACKG RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_INTER RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_BACKG RRC_ACC_RE L_MO_HIGH_PR_SIGN - RRC_ACC_RE L_MT_HIGH_PR_SIGN

Analogue to voice Includes interactive, background and high priority signaling services Does not include emergency calls
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KPI construction RRC setup

RRC setup success rate (example)

Typical target for RRC setup success rate 99.5%

Soc Classification level 31 Nokia Siemens Networks

Little resources needed High processing RN31571EN30GLA0 gain due to SF256 / SF128 on DL / UL for SRB

KPI construction RAB setup

Definition RAB connection (service level measurements M1001)
UE BTS RNC CN

RRC: Initial Direct Transfer (service request) Direct transfer (Call Proceeding) RANAP: Initial UE Message RANAP: RAB Assignment Request RAB Connection Setup phase Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission RRC: Radio Bearer Setup RAB Connection Access phase RNC waits reply from UE RRC: Radio Bearer Setup Complete RANAP: RAB Assignment Response Direct transfer (Alerting) Direct transfer (Connect) Direct transfer (Connect Acknowledge)
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RAB setup success rate

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KPI construction RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (voice)

successful_voice_RAB_establishments RAB_setup_success_rate attempts_for_voice_RAB_establishments RAB_ACC_CO MP_CS_VOIC E RAB_setup_success_rate RAB_STP_AT T_CS_VOICE

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KPI construction RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (NRT)

RAB_ACC_CO MP_PS_INTE R RAB_ACC_CO MP_PS_BACKG RAB_setup_success_ra te RAB_STP_AT T_PS_INTER RAB_STP_AT T_PS_BACKG

Analogue to voice Includes interactive and background services

High priority signaling services have on RAB level traffic class background

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KPI construction RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (example)

Typical target for voice RAB setup success rate 99%

Soc Classification level 35 Nokia Siemens Networks

Little additional resources beyond RRC needed Still high processing gain due to SF128 / SF64 on DL / UL for RB RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction RAB setup

RAB setup success rate (example)

Typical target for NRT RAB setup success rate 99.9%

Soc Classification level 36 Nokia Siemens Networks

Hardly any additional resources beyond RRC needed RN31571EN30GLA0 RAB setup with DCH0/0, i.e. only signaling, no service allocation

KPI construction call setup success rate

CSSR = RRC setup SR
UE RNC
RRC: Connection Request RRC: Connection Setup RRC: Connection Setup Complete

*
UE

RAB setup SR
Core
Service Request

Both setup phases must be successful

RANAP RAB assignment Procedure between core and RNC

attempts_f or_RRC_voice_connect ion_setups failures_of_RRC_voice_connecti on_setups successful _voice_RAB_establishments AMR_CSSR * attempts_f or_RRC_voice_connect ion_setups attempts_f or_voice_RAB_establishments
For NRT call analogue treatment

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KPI construction call setup success rate

Possible causes of low CSSR
Poor coverage or dominance or interference issues in radio interface Capacity issues in radio or Iub interface Configuration issues in WBTS (parameters or HW) CSSR covers all the following steps Initial RRC connection request of the UE to the network

RRC setup phase

RAB setup phase, until user data is starting to get transferred

Soc Classification level 38 Nokia Siemens Networks

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KPI construction packet session setup

Definition packet session setup (packet call measurements M1022)
UE BTS UE in Cell_FACH or with DCH 0/0 RRC: Capacity Request PS Session Setup phase Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration PS Session Access phase RNC waits reply from UE RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete UE in Cell_DCH with data rate > 0 kbit/s (R99 or HS) PS session setup success rate RNC

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KPI construction packet session setup

R99 packet session setup success rate

successful_PS_DCH_al locations PS_SSSR attempts_for_PS_DCH_ allocation s

RAB established PS decides about Cell_DCH or Cell_FACH

PS_SSSR

D_D_REQ_D_D_ALLO_BGR PS_ATT_DCH_DCH_BGR
PS_ATT_DCH_DCH_INT +

D_D_REQ_D_D_ALLO_INT + *100%

Request in DL: DCH

Allocated in DL: DCH Allocated in UL: DCH

Request in UL: DCH

KPI contains interactive and background, but not PS streaming and conversational services

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KPI construction packet session setup

R99 packet session setup success rate (example)

Typical target for packet session SSR 90% / 95% for data rate > / 64 kbps
Soc Classification level 41 Nokia Siemens Networks

High amount of resources needed especially for high data rate Low processing gain especially for high data rate due to SF8 / SF4 on DL / UL
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KPI construction packet session setup

HSDPA session setup success rate
HSDPA_Setu p_SR successful_HS_DSCH_a llocations attempts_for_HS_DSCH _allocatio ns

RAB established PS decides about HS-DSCH, DCH or FACH

HS_E_REQ_HS_D_ALLO_STRE HS_E_REQ_HS_D_ALLO_INT HS_E_REQ_HS_D_ALLO_BGR

HSPDA_Setup_SS

HS_E_REQ_HS_E_ALLO_STRE HS_E_REQ_HS_E_ALLO_INT + HS_E_REQ_HS_E_ALLO_BGR

PS_ATT_HSDSCH_DCH_STRE PS_ATT_HSDSCH_DCH_INT + PS_ATT_HSDSCH_DCH_BG R

HS_D_REQ_HS_D_ALLO_STRE HS_D_REQ_HS_D_ALLO_INT + HS_D_REQ_HS_D_ALLO_BGR PS_ATT_HSDSCH_EDCH_S TRE PS_ATT_HSDSCH_EDCH_I NT + PS_ATT_HSDSCH_EDCH_B GR

Three combinations HSDPA + HSUPA requested both allocated HSDPA + HSUPA requested at least HSDPA allocated HSDPA requested only HSDPA allocated KPI contains streaming, interactive and background service An analogue KPI for conversational service does not exist
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KPI construction packet session setup

HSDPA session setup success rate (example)

Typical target for HSDPA session setup success rate 90%

Soc Classification level 43 Nokia Siemens Networks

HSDPA session setup more often successful than R99 packet session setup For HSDPA guarantee of 5 codes and reservation of CEs per packet scheduler RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction packet session setup

HSUPA session setup success rate
HSUPA_Setu p_SR successful_E DCH_alloca tions attempts_for_E DCH_alloca tions

RAB established PS decides about HS-DSCH, E-DCH, DCH or FACH

HSUPA_Setup_SS

HS_E_REQ_HS_E_ALLO_STRE HS_E_REQ_HS_E_ALLO_INT + HS_E_REQ_HS_E_ALLO_BGR PS_ATT_HSDSCH_EDCH_S TRE PS_ATT_HSDSCH_EDCH_INT + PS_ATT_HSDSCH_EDCH_BGR

One combination only HSDPA + HSUPA requested both allocated KPI contains streaming, interactive and background service

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KPI construction packet session setup

HSUPA session setup success rate (example)

Typical target for HSUPA session setup success rate 90%

Soc Classification level 45 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction
- KPI Factors - Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

- Mobility -Throughput

Soc Classification level 46 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction call drop rate

Types of drops
UE BTS RNC CN

Radio link drop Soft drop, RRC or RAB connection might still survive

RRC drop Hard drop, all RAB drop as well

RAB drop Hard drop, but RRC connection might still survive

RAB drop = call drop

Soc Classification level 47 Nokia Siemens Networks

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KPI construction call drop rate

Call drop rate (service level measurements M1001)

CDR

releases_d ue_to_failures normal_rel eases releases_d ue_to_failures

Dropped calls = calls which do not terminate due to one of the following reasons Normal release Relocation Preemption Possible causes for call drops are e.g. Lack of coverage Interference SHO failure Missing neighbor Relocation failure

Soc Classification level 48 Nokia Siemens Networks

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KPI construction call drop rate

Call drop rate for voice
RAB_ACT_RE L_CS_VOICE_P_EMP RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_IU RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_RADIO RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_BTS RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_IUR RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_RNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_UE CDR_voice RAB_ACT_CO MP_CS_VOICE RAB_ACT_RE L_CS_VOICE_SRNC RAB_ACT_RE L_CS_VOICE_P_EMP RAB_ACT_RE L_CS_VOICE_HHO RAB_ACT_RE L_CS_VOICE_ISHO RAB_ACT_RE L_CS_VOICE_GANHO RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_IU RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_RADIO RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_BTS RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_IUR RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_RNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_CS_VOICE_UE

Preemption Drops Normal release Relocation / preemption IFHO ISHO to GSM / WLAN Drops

KPI considers cell where call terminates Call might have been started in another cell Preemption treated as drop, as user looses service

Soc Classification level 49 Nokia Siemens Networks

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KPI construction call drop rate

Call drop rate for voice (example)

Typical target for voice call drop rate 0.5%

Soc Classification level 50 Nokia Siemens Networks

CS call drop rate usually lower than PS one due to larger cell range and bigger SHO overhead RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction call drop rate

Call drop rate for NRT
RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_IU RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_RADIO RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_BTS RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_IUR RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_RNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_UE RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_IU RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_RADIO RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_BTS RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_IUR RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_RNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_UE RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_PCH RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_PCH CDR_NRT RAB_ACT_CO MP_PS_INTE R RAB_ACT_CO MP_PS_BACKG RAB_ACT_RE L_PS_INTER_SRNC RAB_ACT_RE L_PS_BACKG _SRNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_IU RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_IU RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_RADIO RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_RADIO RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_BTS RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_BTS RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_IUR RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_IUR RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_RNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_RNC RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_INTE R_UE RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_BACKG_UE

Drops interactive

Drops background Drops n Cell/URA_PCH Normal release Relocation

Drops

No preemption for NRT calls No inter-RAT mobility considered for NRT calls KPI considers drop of active RAB only If non active RAB drops, both standard failure counters and RAB_ACT_FAIL_PS_XX_PCH counters are updated
Soc Classification level 51 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction call drop rate

Call drop rate for NRT (example)

Typical target for NRT call drop rate 2%

Soc Classification level 52 Nokia Siemens Networks

PS call drop rate usually higher than CS one due to higher RSCP requirements and lower SHO overhead RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction call drop rate

HSDPA retainability (traffic measurements M1002)
normal_HSD PA_release s HSDPA_session_SR normal_HSDPA_release s HSDPA_rele ases_due_t o_failures

HSDPA_drop_rate 1 HSDPA_session_SR
HSDPA retainability deals with transition from HS-DSCH to DCH or FACH, not with release of HS RAB Causes for normal transitions are Inactivity Preemption Mobility to non HS cell
If a failure occurs, the RNC tries to shift the user to Cell_FACH, i.e. to keep the RRC and RAB connection running HSDPA drop thus is soft drop

Soc Classification level 53 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction call drop rate

HSDPA retainability
HSDPA_session_SR REL_ALLO_NORM_HS_DSCH_INT REL_ALLO_NORM_HS_DSCH_BGR REL_ALLO_NORM_HS_DSCH_INT REL_ALLO_NORM_HS_DSCH_BGR REL_ALLO_OTH_FAIL_HSDSCH_INT REL_ALLO_OTH_FAIL_HSDSCH_BGR REL_ALLO_RL_FAIL_HS_DSCH_INT REL_ALLO_RL_FAIL_HS_DSCH_BGR

Two types of failure counter given only Radio link failure Other failure

An analogue KPI can be defined for streaming service An analogue KPI for conversional service does not exist

Soc Classification level 54 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction call drop rate

HSDPA retainability

Typical target for HSDPA drop rate 1%

Soc Classification level 55 Nokia Siemens Networks

HSDPA usually more robust than R99 as more power available for the radio link
RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI Definition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction
- KPI Factors - Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

- Mobility -Throughput

Soc Classification level 56 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction SHO success rate

Definition SHO success rate (SHO measurements M1007)
UE BTS RNC

RRC: Measurement Report (Event 1A / 1B / 1C) Setup phase Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission (only Event 1A / 1C) RRC: Active Set Update Access phase RNC waits reply from UE RRC: Active Set Update Complete

SHO success rate

Soc Classification level 57 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction SHO success rate

SHO success rate
successful _active_se t_updates SHO_succes s_rate addition_requests_1a drop_reque sts_1b replacemen t_requests_1c
KPI checks reliability of SHO only Problems like cell overlap or specific adjacencies discussed later Attempt and success counted in all source cells

CELL A

CELL C CELL B

Soc Classification level 58 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction SHO success rate

SHO success rate
SHO_Succes s_Rate SUCC_UPDAT ES_ON_SHO_FOR_RT SUCC_UPDAT ES_ON_SHO_FOR_NRT CELL_ADD_REQ_ON_SHO_FOR_RT CELL_REPL_REQ_ON_SHO_FOR_RT CELL_DEL_REQ_ON_SHO_FOR_RT CELL_ADD_REQ_ON_SHO_FOR_NRT CELL_REPL_REQ_ON_SHO_FOR_NRT CELL_DEL_REQ_ON_SHO_FOR_NRT

Number of successful active set updates in comparison to initial addition / deletion / replacement requests Periodic reports are excluded (can occur e.g. in case of busy RNC not reacting immediately to initial request)

Soc Classification level 59 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction SHO success rate

SHO success rate (example)

RT

NRT

Typical target for SHO success rate 95%

Soc Classification level 60 Nokia Siemens Networks

CS more robust against low coverage / quality at cell edge than PS Therefore higher SHO success rate RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction ISHO success rate

Definition ISHO success rate (ISHO measurements M1010)
UE BTS
RRC: Measurement Report (Event 1F) RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration RRC: Physical Channel Reconfiguration Complete RRC: Measurement Control RRC: Measurement Report RRC: Measurement Control RRC: Measurement Report BSIC verification RANAP Relocation required RANAP Relocation command ISHO attempt RxLev measurements ISHO success rate UE put into compressed mode

RNC

MSC

RRC: HO from UTRAN Command

Soc Classification level 61 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction ISHO success rate

ISHO success rate

ISHO_succe ss_rate

successful _ISHOs attempts_f or_ISHOs

ISHO divided into two phases Inter-system measurements Inter-system handover execution Attempt and success counted in all source cells RT and NRT ISHO differ in nature Counter and KPI are implemented separately for RT and NRT In case of multi-RAB with at least one RT RAB counted as RT ISHO ISHO may fail due to e.g. Missing target cell Target cell has not enough coverage Target cell strongly interfered Configuration problem
Soc Classification level 62 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction ISHO success rate

ISHO per trigger
Attempt and success not only counted per RT / NRT, but also per trigger UL SIRTarget UL UE power (event 6A) DL RL power CPICH RSCP (event 1F) CPICH Ec/I0 (event 1F) IMSI based Emergency call Load based RTWP Load based TCP Load based HW / logical resources Load based code resources Services based

Soc Classification level 63 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction ISHO success rate

ISHO success rate RT
SUCC_IS_HHO_UL_DCH_Q _RT SUCC_IS_HHO_UE_TRX_PWR_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_DL_DPCH_PWR_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_CPICH_RSCP_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_CPICH_ECNO_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_IM_IMS_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_EMERG_CALL SUCC_IS_HHO_LB_CAPA_ DL_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_LB_CAPA_ UL_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_LB_PRX_TOT_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_LB_PTX_TOT_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_LB_RES_LIM_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_LB_RSVR_ SC_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_SB_RT SUCC_IS_HHO_WPS_RT SUCC_GANHO _AMR_RT SUCC_ISHO_CELL_SHUTD OWN_RT SUCC_ISHO_CELL_BLOCK _RT ISHO_Succe ss_RT IS_HHO_ATT_UL_DCH_Q_ RT IS_HHO_ATT_UE_TRX_PWR_RT IS_HHO_ATT_DPCH_PWR_RT IS_HHO_ATT_CPICH_RSCP_RT IS_HHO_ATT_CPICH_ECNO_RT IS_HHO_ATT_IM_IMS_RT IS_HHO_ATT_EMERG_CAL L IS_HHO_ATT_LB_CAPA_D L_RT IS_HHO_ATT_LB_CAPA_U L_RT IS_HHO_ATT_LB_PRX_TOT_RT IS_HHO_ATT_LB_PTX_TOT_RT IS_HHO_ATT_LB_RES_LIM_RT IS_HHO_ATT_LB_RSVR_S C_RT IS_HHO_ATT_SB_RT IS_HHO_ATT_UL_DCH_WP S_RT ATT_GANHO_AMR_RT ATT_ISHO_CELL_SHUTDO WN_RT ATT_ISHO_CELL_BLOCK_ RT

Success counter updated, if relocation from RNC to BSC successful

Attempt counter updated, if measurements successful, i.e. GSM cell with sufficient RxLev and readable BSIC available

Analogue for NRT For NRT no ISHO of emergency call, of WPS user and no ISHO to GAN
Soc Classification level 64 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction ISHO success rate

ISHO success rate (example)

RT

NRT

Typical target for ISHO success rate 90%/80% for RT/NRT

Soc Classification level 65 Nokia Siemens Networks

CS more robust against low coverage / quality at cell edge than PS Therefore higher ISHO success rate RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction serving cell change success rate

Definition SCC success rate (intra-system HHO measurements M1008)
UE BTS Source RRC: Measurement Report (e.g. Ec/Io) NBAP Radio Link Reconfiguration Procedure Setup phase Resource Reservation in RNC, BTS, Transmission NBAP Radio Link Reconfiguration Procedure BTS Target RNC

SCC success rate

RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Access phase RNC waits reply from UE RRC: Radio Bearer Reconfiguration Complete

Soc Classification level 66 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction serving cell change success rate

Definition SCC success rate (intra-system HHO measurements M1008)
SCC_succes s_rate SCC_INTRA_BTS_SUCCES SFUL SCC_INTER_ BTS_SUCCES SFUL SCC_STARTED_CPICH_ECNO SCC_STARTED_UL_SIR_ERROR SCC_STARTED_ACTIVE_SET_UPD SCC_STARTED_OTHER_RE ASON

Attempt counted per trigger in source cell CPICH Ec/I0 UL SIR error Active set update Other reason
Success counted in target cell Intra BTS target Inter BTS target (data in source BTS buffer lost)

Soc Classification level 67 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction serving cell change success rate

SCC success rate (example)

Typical target for serving cell change success rate 95%

Soc Classification level 68 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI Deifnition
Principles of 3G network optimization Principles of performance measurements and KPI classification KPI construction
- KPI Factors - Access and setup

- Drop (Retainability)

- Mobility -Throughput

Soc Classification level 69 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction cell throughput

R99 throughput sent / received by RNC on DL / UL per cell (cell throughput measurements M1023)
R99 NRT DL MAC - d AverageThroughput at RNC

NRT_DCH_DL_DATA_VOL 8
1000 PERIOD_DURATION 60

R99 NRT UL MAC - d AverageThroughput at RNC

NRT_DCH_UL _DATA_VOL 8
1000 PERIOD_DURATION 60

Transmission of MAC-d PDUs over DCH Counter give data volume in byte KPI give throughput in Kbit/s

Soc Classification level 70 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction cell throughput

HSPA throughput sent / received by RNC on DL / UL per cell (cell throughput measurements M1023)
HSDPA MAC - d AverageThroughput at RNC

1000 PERIOD_DURATION 60

HS_DSCH_DATA_VOL 8

HSUPA MAC - es AverageThroughput at RNC

NRT_EDCH_H SDPA_UL_DATA_VOL 8
1000 PERIOD_DURATION 60

Transmission of MAC-d / MAC-es PDUs over HS-DSCH / E-DCH Counter give data volume in byte KPI give throughput in Kbit/s

Soc Classification level 71 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction BTS throughput

HSDPA throughput arriving at / transmitted by BTS (HSPA in BTS measurements M5000)

RECEIVED_H S_MACD_BIT S Arriving_throughput 1000 PERIOD_DUR ATION 60

S_MACD_BIT S -DISCARDE D_HS_MACD_ BITS RECEIVED_H 1000 PERIOD_DUR ATION 60

Transmitted_throughput

Arrival and transmission of MAC-d PDUs over HS-DSCH Counter gives data volume in Kbit KPI give throughput in Mbit/s Discarded due to buffer overflow

Soc Classification level 72 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction layer 1 re-transmission

Transmission rate (HSPA in BTS measurements M5000)
Transmissi on_rate y_with_n_retransmissions (n 1)number_of_MACd_PDUs_delivered_correctl
n

number_of_ transmitted_MACd_PDUs

Example 100 PDUs with no re-transmission 16 PDUs with 1 re-transmission 3 PDUs with 2 re-transmissions 1 PDU with 3 re-transmissions
Transmission rate = (100 * 1 + 16 * 2 + 3 * 3 + 1 * 4) / (100 + 16 + 3 + 1) Transmission rate = 145 / 120 = 1.21 1.21 transmissions over the air for 1 PDU 21% re-transmission overhead

Soc Classification level 73 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction layer 1 re-transmission

Transmission rate
CL 0 = Number of packets with ACK immediately

CL 1..5 Number of packets with ACK after 1..5 re-transmissions

MAC_HS_PDU _RETR_DIST _CL_0 MAC_HS_PDU _RETR_DIST _CL_1

_CL_ 2 MAC_HS_PDU_RETR_DIST Transmission_rate

MAC_HS_PDU _RETR_DIST _CL_3 MAC_HS_PDU _RETR_DIST _CL_ 4 MAC_HS_PDU _RETR_DIST _CL_5 ORIG_TRANS _1_CODE_QPSK ... ORIG_TRANS _15_CODE_QPSK ORIG_TRANS _1_CODE_16QAM ... ORIG_TRANS _15_CODE_16QAM ORIG_TRANS _10 _CODE_64QAM ... ORIG_TRANS _15_CODE_64QAM RETRANS_ 15_CODE_QPSK RETRANS_ 1_CODE_16QAM ... RETRANS_ 15_CODE_16QAM RETRANS_ 10 _CODE_64QAM ... RETRANS_ 15_CODE_64QAM

RETRANS_ 1_CODE_QPSK ...

ORIGTRANS = number of packets with original data per number of codes and modulation RETRANS = number of packets with re-transmitted data per number of codes and modulation

Soc Classification level 74 Nokia Siemens Networks

RN31571EN30GLA0

KPI construction layer 1 re-transmission

Re-transmission overhead (example)

Typical target for re-transmission overhead 10% Too high or too low re-transmissions reduce system capacity
Soc Classification level 75 Nokia Siemens Networks RN31571EN30GLA0