PRESENTATION OF DATA

Classification of Data
Ungrouped Data
Are data that are not organized, or if arranged, could only be from highest to lowest or vice versa.

Grouped Data
Are data that are organized and arranged into different classes or categories.

Different Method of Presenting Data

1. TEXTUAL METHOD
involves enumerating the important characteristics, giving emphasis on significant figures and identifying important features of the data.

Example 1.
Below are the test scores of 50 students in Statistics.

25 33 28 40 26

30 37 19 48 15

18 41 18 40 14

17 21 13 39 10

50 20 28 32 38

12 31 16 32 35

43 35 42 26 34

35 46 27 13 29

40 10 28 3 30

9 36 31 50 20

3 9 10 10 12

13 13 14 15 16

17 18 18 19 20

20 21 25 26 26

27 28 28 28 29

30 30 31 31 32

32 33 34 35 35

35 36 37 38 39

40 40 40 41 42

43 46 48 50 50

The highest score obtained is 50 and the lowest is 3. Ten students got a score of 40 and above, while only 4 got ten below. Generally, the students performed well in the test with 33 students or 66% getting a score of 25 and above.

Exercises 1.
Given below are the numbers of mistakes made by 40 students in an 25 item English dictation test. Describe the data below in textual form

1 9 10 20

4 7 8 2

5 11 7 8 3 7 10 22 9 6 3 0 6 7 16 8

13 0 14 6

0 5 7 10

6 18 8 1

17 11 5 3

0 0 0 1

1 2 3 3

3 4 5 5

5 6 6 6

6 7 7 7

7 7 8 8

8 8 9 9

10 10 10 11

11 13 14 16

17 18 20 22

There are 3 students who got perfect score, without any mistake, while 1 student got 22 mistakes. Generally, 35 students out of 40 gets a score of 15 and above.

Exercises 2.
Present in textual form the ages of 40 patients confined in a government hospital.

24 27 33 28 22

36 28 29 40 43

28 45 31 34 42

34 23 25 27 38

23 21 26 28 39

37 55 37 37 27

28 48 49 51 42

28 48 49 51 42

31 48 25 16 32

2. TABULAR METHOD - data is presented in rows and columns (using tables) - important features about the data can be readily understood and comparison can be made easily - more precise, systematic and orderly presentation

Parts of Statistical Table

Table Number
this is for easy reference to the table

Table Title/Heading
briefly explains the content of the table

Column Header/Caption
describes the data in each column Identification of the information contained in a column

Row Classifier/Stubs or Classes

shows the classes or categories Classification describing the data Usually found at the left most side of the table

Body
main part of the table that contains the information

Source Notes
this is placed below the table when the data written are not original

Parts of Statistical Table

Table 4 Distribution of Student in Regional Science High School According to Year Level

Source: Regional Science High School Registrar