Marine Fluid Power

Application
Ship Hull Machineries
Deck machineries
Steering gear
Steering thrust device
Stabilizing device
 Objective
• Learning Objective: Know the basic design features
and functions of various marine auxiliary machinery

• Specific Objectives:

• Recognize the various names and locations of auxiliary

machinery found on board
• Sketch a typical hydraulic system
• Describe the basic operation of the machinery
• Identify the main parts of the machinery
• Sketch and label the main parts
 Introduction
• Hull machinery= deck machinery -> independent power equipment
drive not related to machinery space and propulsion.

• Steering gears
• Anchor windlass,
• Winches (cargo, topping, vang, mooring, accommodation, ladder,
boat winches)
• Cranes,
• Captains,
• elevators,
• dumbwaiters,
• conveyor,
• Escalators,
• bow thruster
• Active fins stabilizer
 Introduction
• Design follows standards machine design which
are adapted for marine environment and ship
board requirement.
• Design of hull machineries required cooperation
from marine engineer and naval architecture.

Types of drive
• Steam- minimum fire hazard, rugged and simple
Backdrop insulation
• Electric
• Hydraulic
 Drive - Steam
• Simple , rug, easy to • Steam main
maintain Insulation
• Minimum fire hazard- • Automation
no sparking • Control reliability
 Drive - Electrical
• DC is preferred- • Residual power
multiple motor speeds dissipation through
rheostat
• Saving for use of AC-
required power
electronics system
 Open Loop System
•The system takes oil from the tank
and pumps it into the hydraulic motor.

•A control valve is positioned in parallel

with the motor->When it is open, the
motor is stationary; when it is throttled
or closed the motor will operate.
 Open Loop System
•The exhaust oil returns to the tank
•Commonly used in low pressure
system
•Simple in design as well as reliable.
Open Loop System
 Closed Loop System
•The exhaust oil does not go back to the
oil tank- Hence closed system.
•Returned directly to the pump suction.

•Suitable for medium pressure system in

marine application.
Closed Loop System
Centralized Hydraulic Power System
Hydraulic Systems
 Centralized Hydraulic Power System

• Centralized hydraulic are common in large

tanker -> safety limitation limit electrical
and steam installation
• Deficiency lie on system cleanliness and
venting work as well as compatibility of
function
• Accessibility for flushing and
• Avoidance of pockets and voids that will
tend to collect foreign material
.
 Design consideration - Hydraulic
• Possible arrangement of centralized hydraulic
systems:
2. Bower anchor windlass and forward mooring
equipment on one system
3. Cargo, topping , vang wing and hatch cover on
one system.
4. All hull material except , the steering gear on the
same system
In 1 and 2 the pumping units will be located closed to
the driven equipments where as in 3 the main will
be log and the pump will be located in the engine
room.
.
 Design consideration - Hydraulic
• The steering gear is left out in 3 because
of small fraction of power need and the it
availability in case of defective hydraulic
hydraulic line
• Environmental consideration – most hull
material are located where they cannot be
heated.
• Fluid tank heating
 Design consideration - Hydraulic
• Corrosion resistance piping + Hull
thickness allowance for corrosion
• Gauge snubber -> avoid pulsating
pressure
• Sump capacity- 110percent of the oil
volume
• Strainer
• Filter fluid cleanliness indicator
 Design requirement -Mechanical
Equipment subject to use under seaway
• Pitch of 10 deg (bow up or bow down)
• Permanent trim of 5 deg by bow or stern
• A roll of 30 deg (each side)
• Permanent list of 15 deg (either side)
-> probability of one event at a time
-> driving and driven equipment on same
bedplate- otherwise deck deflection
allowance should be assigned.
 Design requirement -Mechanical
Bearing that will be subject to high impact like the
wild cat of winch -> good grade bronze
• Interior should be sand blasted, cleaned and
gasket maintenance access is should be
provided.
• No compromise should be made on strength.
No compromise from strength, calculation
adjustment is allow to compensate from
intermittent
 Design requirement -Mechanical
• Reduction gear should be totally enclosed and
provided with oil bath lubrication, with means for
filling, draining, and measuring the lubricant
level in accordance with standards.
• At design stage, thus allowance can be seized
on advantage derived from intermittent usage.
Wear load factor that can be assigned is shown
below.
• Load capability should be given careful analysis
 Design requirement –Electrical
• Equipments:
Drip roof or watertight protection (+ automatic drainage
fitting)
Ventilated
Bearing –> lubricated and sealed
Sound brake -> 200% of normal operating load
Hand release mechanic to handle emergency situation.
Limit switch should rugged
master switch could be sprig loaded for voluntary release
Overvoltage and under voltage
Provision of heater
DC over AC -> system response
Anti friction should be at location subject to wear,
positive alignment , minimum lost motion ie,
motor bearing steering gear control assembly,
worm wheel shaft, mooring tension sensing
assembly.
piping -flexibility require for hydraulic system/ air
trapping avoidance
->watertight on deck motor and deep proof under
the deck motor
->Motors- sleeve and antifriction types