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Additives
Resins (Binder)
Prime Pigments
Titanium Dioxide (TiO2)
provides excellent hiding power and whiteness available as a solid (powder) or liquid (slurry)
Zinc Oxide
controls mildew resists ultra-violet light resists yellowing
Titanium dioxide is the world's primary pigment for providing whiteness, brightness and opacity.
Resins
Types: Latex, Alkyd, Epoxy, Polyurethane Binds or glues ingredients (pigments and additives) of paint together Resin provides adhesion to the substrate Resin provides durability & resistance properties:
U-V resistance Moisture resistance Chemical resistance Stain resistance Fade resistance Chalk resistance Block resistance
Gloss/Sheen Levels
Gloss or Sheen of paint refers to reflectivity or how shiny the dry paint film is.
There is lack of standards and confusion in the paint industry related to gloss or sheen levels. Gloss is measured at 60 for flat to gloss ranges. Sheen is measures at 85 between flat to eggshell Some paint manufacturers use different terms to define products between flat and semi-gloss: silk, suede, satin, velvet, eggshell, low sheen, low luster, pearl, etc.
Gloss/Sheen Levels
Term
Flat Velvet/Low Luster Eggshell Low Sheen Semi-Gloss Gloss
Gloss @ 60
0-5 5-10 10-20 20-30 55-70 75+
Sheen @ 85
0-5 5-15 15-25
A synthetic resin made by reacting alcohols and fatty acids Soya bean, linseed, tung-oil oil commonly used Benefits of alkyds:
-Superior brushing characteristics -Abrasion resistance -Excellent flow and leveling -Good adhesion -Used in rust preventative paint
100% Acrylic
Styrene Acrylic Vinyl-Acrylic Acrylic Copolymer Vinyl Acetate Ethylene
Top left: Alkyd paint Top right: Vinyl-Acrylic paint Bottom left: Alkyd paint Bottom right: 100% acrylic paint
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All have lost gloss, faded, and chalked. The acrylic paints, in contrast, have proven remarkably durable with good color retention.
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Corrosion
Simply put, corrosion is created when two dissimilar metals at atomic levels come into contact with each other and create a chemical reaction. The new compound is called oxide. In iron it is called Iron oxide. In aluminum, aluminum oxide and in copper, copper oxide. These metals will not rust or corrode unless a conductor between the two metals or atoms is present. Water or oxygen in contact with the metal for a longer period of time is normally the conductor that starts the rusting or corrosion process. Salts in the water will accelerate the process.
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White Rust
Galvanized Metal
Pure water (rain, dew, condensation) contain no dissolved salts or minerals. Pure water will react with zinc hydroxide quickly to create white rust.
Acid or acid rain, will accelerate the deterioration of the zinc finish.
Passivators are a coating applied at time of manufacture to protect the zinc.
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THERE ARE TWO (2) MAJOR CAUSES FOR IMPROPER COATING SPECIFICATIONS
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PROJECT INFORMATION
NEEDED.
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CORROSION !
HOW MUCH ?
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Type M: Moderate
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Type M: Moderate
Exterior weathering Normal industrial atmosphere Moderate concentrations of chemical fumes Corrosion of steel < 3 mils / year and galvanized substrates negligible Concentrations of chemical interior light to moderate fumes without humidity
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Type C: Corrosive
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Type C: Corrosive
Moderately aggressive chemical fumes, mists or dust Corrosion of steel 3 - 6 mils / year and galvanized substrates < 1 mil per year Adjacent to Type A: but at least 30 yards away
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Immersion service
Excessive exposure to aggressive chemical fumes, mists dusts or contaminates Corrosion of steel > 6 mils / year and galvanized substrates > 1 mil per year Usually confined to an area within 30 yards from corrosion source
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Application
Apply the coating system using one manufacturer
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A Poor Design
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PROVIDER J476