a type text that is intended to

GROUP 6
XII IPS Ari Astiti Dwi Irawati Irvan Wijaya Monita Primajayanti Utami Ratnasari

Hortatory exposition Adjective clause

Help pride

Offering service

a type text that is intended to persuade the listener or readers that something should or should not be done.

The social function is to persuade the readers or listeners that something should or should not be the case.

Its different from analytical exp. : the last finalizing step which analytical exposition is ended by a reiteration while hortatory exposition is finalized by certain a recommendation.

Language Features
Focusing on the writer. Using action verb. Using modal adverb; certainly, surely, etc. Using temporal connective ; firstly, secondly, however,etc Using evaluative word ; important, valuable, trustworthy, etc. Using passive voice. Using simple present tense. The use of modals and adverbs ; may, must should, etc. The use of emotive words ; worried, alarmed, etc. The use of words that qualify statements ; usual, probably, etc. The use of subjective opinions using pronouns I and we.

Statements or announcement of issue THESIS concern ReasonsARGUMENT for concern that will lead to recommendation. Statement of what should or should not RECOMMENDATION happen or be done based on the given arguments.

Being on time is a beautiful social ethic and one of great importance, as it creates efficiency in system and implies respect for one another. However, it is one the many values that is not easy for our students to learn. Inner discipline, one that comes from an understanding of the set rules and regulation, is the highest form behavior. Most excellent school try to instill this with a loving environment. Why, even adults arrive late to meeting, work, etc. Here, we do not agree that late comers should be shut out. They can be given warnings, most of which are enough to make them try their best to reach the school on time latter .If this fails, invite the parent to school.

1.what should the school do if a student cant stop his/her habit to come late to school? A. Punish him/her B. Shut him/her out C. Fail him/her D. Talk to his/her parents E. Try to understand him/her 2. What does the writer think to be the highest from of behaviour (in the second paragraph)? A. Respect for one another B. Not being late to school C. Understanding the regulations D. Understanding the rules E. Inner discipline 3.Children are precious and dependent on the adults for guidance. The underlined word is closest in meaning to . A. Valuable B. Excellent C. Clever D. Innocent E. Naive soal UN Bahasa Ingris 2012/2013

By Closing the gates, the school is behaving cruelly, to which we prefer not to expose our children. Every school has responsibility to implant good educational principle, but It should be in appropriate ways. Good schools create competitive students who can organize themselves effectively in society, so that everyone gets a quality life as a result of the ethics and values learned for as long as 12 years. Children are precious and dependent on the adult for guidance. Understanding them is the key, and to this end, both parents and schools must work hand in hand without playing the blame game. (Soal UN SMA 2011/2012)

Hortatory exposition Adjective clause

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

ADJECTIVES An adjectives modifies a noun. Modify means to change a little. An adjective describes or gives information about the noun. Adjective usually comes in front of a noun. (a) I met a kind man adjective +noun (b) I met a famous man

ADJECTIVE CLAUSES An adjective clause modifies a noun. It describes or gives information about a noun. An adjective clause follow a noun I met a man who is kind to everybody. (d) I met a man who is a famous poet. (e) I met a man who lives in Chicago. noun + adjective clause

A clause is a structure that has a subject and a verb. There is two kinds of clauses: independent and dependent. - An independent clause is a main clause and can stand alone as a sentence. - A dependent clause cannot stand alone as a sentences; it must be connected to an independent clause. (1) I met a man = an independent clause; it is a complete sentence. (2) He lives in Chicago = a dependent clause; it is NOT a complete sentence. (3) who lives in Chicago = a dependent clause; it is NOT a complete sentence. (4) I met a man who lives in Chicago = an independent clause + a dependent clause; a complete sentence.

USING WHO IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

Who is a subject pronoun. An adjective clause immediately follow the noun it modifies. S V (a) The man is friendly. He lives next to me. who who lives next to me. (b) The man who lives next to me is friendly. He is a subject pronoun. He refers to the man. To make an adjective clause, change he to who.

whom
Whom is an object pronoun. Whom comes at the beginning of an adjective clause. An adjective clause immediately follow the noun it modifies. example : s v o The man was friendly. I met him. whom o s v whom I met. (d) The man whom I met was friendly.

him is an object pronoun. Him refers to the man. To make an adjective clause, change him to whom. Whom refers to the man.

USING WHO, WHO(M), AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

Who, that can be used as the subject of an adjective clause. s v (a) The man is friendly. He lives next to me. | s v who/that (b) The man who lives next to me is friendly. The man that lives next to me is friendly. (b) and have the same meaning. A subject pronoun cannot be omitted. Correct: The man who/that lives next to me is friendly.

Whom and That

In addition to whom, that clause can be used as the object is an adjective clause.

s v o (d) The man was friendly. I met him. o s v whom/that (e) The man who(m) I met was friendly. (f) The man that I met was friendly. (g) The man I met was friendly.
(e) and (f) have the same meaning. An object pronoun can be omitted from an adjective clause. (e), (f) and (g) have the same meaning.

USING WHICH AND THAT IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES Which refers to things. That refers to either people or things. s (a) The river is polluted. v

(b) The river The river

It flows through the town. which/that s v which flows through the town is polluted. that flows through the town is polluted.

When which and that are used as the subject of an adjective clause, they CANNOT be omitted. Incorrect: The river flows through town is polluted.

s v o (d) The books were expensive. I bought them. o s v which/that (e) The books which I bought were expensive. (f) The book s that I bought were expensive. (g) The books I bought were expensive. Which or that can be used as an object in adjective clause, as in (e) and (f). An object pronoun can be omitted from an adjective clause, an in (g). (e), (f) and (g) have the same meaning.

SINGULAR AND PLURAL VERBS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES (a)I know the man who is sitting over there. In (a): The verb in the adjective clause (is) is singular because who refers to a singular noun. (b) I know the people who are sitting over there. In (b): The verb in the adjective clause (are) is plural because who refers to plural noun, people.

USING PREPOSITIONS IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

prep obj.
(a) The man was helpful. I talked to him.

(b) The man (c) The man

obj. prep whom I talked to was helpful. prep obj. to whom I talked was helpful.

In very formal English, a preposition comes at the beginning of an adjective clause. The preposition is followed by either whom or which (not that or who), and the pronoun CANNOT be omitted.

(f) The chair is hard. I am sitting obj. prep (g) The chair which I am sitting in (h) The chair that I am sitting in (i) The chair I am sitting in prep obj. (j) The chair in which I am sitting

prep in

obj. it.

is hard. is hard. is hard. is hard.

USING WHOSE IN ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

(a) The man called the police. His car was stolen. whose car (b) The man whose car was stolen called the police. Whose* shows possession. In (a): His car can be changed to whose car to make an adjective clause.

Hortatory exposition Adjective clause

Offering service

Offering service

Make offers in conversations in order to be polite and helpful.

Can I ? Shall I ? Would you like ? How about ...? Etc.

 Can I help you? What shall I do for you? Would you like me to . ? Shall I ? Ill .. . Shall I? What/ Where/ Which Would you like me to? Do you want me to .. for you? Ill be glad to help? etc

Response form (accepting)

How kind of you! Thank you very much. Thats very good of you! Thats terribly kind, Thank you very much. Yes, please do. What a good idea! Yes, please. Thanks. That would be excellent. etc

Refusing/Rejecting An Offer
Its all right thanks. I can manage that alone! No, thank you. But I am very grateful Thats awfully kind, but theres no need. No, please dont bother. No, thank you.

 Staff: Excuse me maam, could I help you with your bags? Guest: That would be great thanks. Staff: Pardon me sir, but it looks like you could use some help with those packages. Guest: I sure could, thanks.

Shall, can and will are followed by the verb without to. Example: "Can I help you?" "Shall I bring you the mobile phone? Shall is more formal than can.

Would you like is followed either by a noun, or by the verb with to. Example: "Would you like some tea ?" "Would you like to drink some coffee?

Help Pride

 Sentences that express pride about achievement. Example :

Im very proud of you! You are the best, you have to deserve it!

Example
Dikka : I have four brothers. All of them are very dilligent. They worked hard and always get the best in their works. ................... I want to be like them. Danny : but its not easy, I think you should work hard as they do! The underlined word express a. Interest b. Sympathy c. Regret d. Pride e. Happiness

Uan IPA/IPS 2005 SMA

A: to carry the books to your room, Sir? B : No thanks, I can do it by my self. a. Do you want b. Shall I do c. Can you help d. May I help you e. Do you mind

UN SMA 2005/2006 IPS

Marry introduce me her former lecturer .. She married after she had graduated. a. Who b. Whom c. Of whom d. Of which e. Which

UN SMA IPS 2006/2007

The candidates . Have submitted their application letters will have to come for an interview. A. WHO B. WHOM C. OF WHICH D. WHICH E. WHOSE

Correct these sentences!

Incorrect: The man is friendly who lives next to me. Incorrect: The man lives next to me is friendly. The man I met was friendly.

Om santih santih santih Om