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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Congested

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Congestion -refers to both the road users and the road managers who don't follow, or effectively enforce, the basic rules which are designed to ensure a safe, efficient flow of traffic.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC General Effects

Hinders the free flow of goods Services contributes significantly to pollution Costs billions of pesos (billions) in wasted fuel, time and productivity.

Legarda, Manila

Gil Puyat Ave.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Mainly proposed solutions

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Mainly proposed solutions

Lies in more roadways and the use of the latest high-tech gadgets.

EDSA/North Avenue-West Avenue -Mindanao Avenue Interchange

NLEX

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Mainly proposed solutions

Persistent clinging on the same mantra.

Mostly focused on volume control.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Mainly proposed solutions Inconsistent planning implementation due to transiting administration.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Mainly proposed solutions Engineering-based solutions.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Mainly proposed solutions Engineering-based solutions.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Current traffic situation

Traffic congestion along Gil Puyat Ave. as seen from the overpass from Kalayaan Ave. The Makati CBD generates a very high number of trips owing to it being arguably the largest CBD in Metro Manila in terms of offices and workers.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Current traffic situation

Commuters occupying two lanes of the road as they wait for public transport along Marcos Highway in Pasig PUVs like the jeepney in the photo stop in the middle of the road to load/unload passengers.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Current traffic situation

On-street parking and pedestrian activity along Manila roads many cities such as Manila are guilty of not having any serious initiatives to address on-street parking. In many cases, its tolerated particularly in commercial areas as local governments dont like to engage business in what they assume to be the small issue of parking.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Current traffic situation Traffic congestion depicting EDSA as one huge parking lot for cars during peak periods that seem to stretch beyond the typical morning and afternoon hours.

Even the overpasses are full of vehicles. Camp Aguinaldo is the green area on the top right.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC Current traffic situation Traffic congestion along the same section of EDSA at night. The head and tail lights represent the motor vehicles crawling along the highway. As of now usually extends past 8:00 pm with cases where EDSA is still congested near midnight. Such cases are more common now rather than exceptional.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY (PRODUCTIVITY LOSS) Average annual losses Earlier in 1999 the annual losses due to traffic in Metro Manila placed at P140 billion. Of this figure, P40 billion went to direct losses, such as wasted gasoline, lost labor hours, employment of traffic aides, and wasted electricity, while P100 billion went to indirect losses, like missed business opportunities and reduced capital inflow due to investors shying away from the country, among others.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY (PRODUCTIVITY LOSS) Average annual losses Earlier in 1999 the annual losses due to traffic in Metro Manila placed at P140 billion. The 1999 JICA study identified the following main reasons for the traffic: Bad driving habits, inadequate traffic enforcement, and poorly coordinated infrastructure projects.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY (PRODUCTIVITY LOSS) Average annual losses (University of the Philippines National Center for Transportation Study (UP NCTS)) Since 2001 to 2011, it raised more than P1.5 trillion. In the year 2011, the loss fall to P137 billion.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY (PRODUCTIVITY LOSS) Average annual losses (University of the Philippines National Center for Transportation Study (UP NCTS)) The loss in productivity is almost as much as two months worth of remittances and equivalent to 1.4% of the total Philippine economy, the study added. Indeed, the monstrous traffic jams have turned away foreign investors because of possible loss in productivity, delayed deliveries, and missed appointments and opportunities.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY (PRODUCTIVITY LOSS) Average annual losses (National Economic and Development Authority (Neda)) In the current year (2013), the total loss of the Philippines is P2.4 billion a day in potential income.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY (PRODUCTIVITY LOSS) Average annual losses (Japan International Cooperation Agency (Jica) and the Department of Transportation and Communication) Earlier in 1999 the annual losses due to traffic in Metro Manila placed at P140 billion.

(University of the Philippines National Center for Transportation Study (UP NCTS)) Since 2001 to 2011, it raised more than P1.5 trillion..
In the year 2011, the loss fall to P137 billion. (National Economic and Development Authority (Neda)) In the current year (2013), the total loss of the Philippines is P2.4 billion a day in potential income

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Foreign Related Literature London - largest city in Europe

Some authorities try to discourage the use of motorbikes and scooters by treating motorcyclists like cash cows or stupidly forcing them to behave like car drivers, while others offer distinct advantages to citizens who decide to switch to two wheels.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Foreign Related Literature London - largest city in Europe The congestion charge in London certainly contributes to reduce traffic in the heart of the city. Los Angeles, CA 2012's most congested city sill follows close behind this year at number two. San Francisco, Austin TX, and New York City finish up the top five. The city that saw the largest increase was Boston, where congestion went up 30%

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Foreign Related Literature Vancouver, BC (32%) Increase in travel time (freeflow to peak hours): 25%

Increase in travel time (free-flow to peak hours): 25% Vancouver is consistently ranked as one of the best places in the world to live. That's remarkable considering the traffic. Nonhighways are awful during peak hours, especially during the middle of the week.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Foreign Related Literature Honolulu, HI (30%)

Increase in travel time (freeflow to peak hours): 25% Although Hawaii provides plenty of ways to escape from stress, driving is not one of them, especially in the state's capital. Drivers here spending 86 hours per year wishing they were doing something else.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Concluded Differences vs. Local examples; Intersections function effectively, and lines of traffic, although heavy, criss-cross through them relatively smoothly.

Aerial view of a road intersection from Oriental Pearl Tower. Shanghai, China.

Traffic congestion in Caloocan

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Concluded Differences vs. Local examples; Volume based congestion.

London, UK

Legarda, Manila

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Concluded Differences vs. Local examples; The behaviour of individual vehicles does not significantly compound in congestion.

The road is not yours!

The speed racers of Manila

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Concluded Differences vs. Local examples; Discipline (both self-imposed and enforced) keeps the system orderly.

Washington, USA

Hidalgo, Manila

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino driver may be all or any the following: Blind to the color yellow and white, because they cannot seem to recognize pedestrian lanes (ex. stopping/parking on them), the no overtaking yellow paint dividing the lanes, the white lines indicating the bike and cycle lanes,etc.

Turn lanes are found in the middle of some twoway streets. The lane is marked on both sides by two painted linesinner line broken, outer line solid. Use this lane only for making left turns.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino driver may be all or any the following: They also believe that the yellow light means GO FASTER, instead of warning!

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino driver may be all or any the following:

Poor reflexes and vision because they rarely give way to pedestrians, and do not follow traffic signs
Ambidextrous because they think right and left side are interchangeable

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino driver may be all or any the following: Excellent calculation skills since they can convert a 2 lane road to 3 and even 4 lanes, effectively blocking the right turn slot AND can convert any vehicle to 200% it's sitting capacity! Not enough law enforcement agents A lot of people are ignoring the traffic sign (driver and pedestrian)

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino driver may be all or any the following: Expert racing and driving video game player because they can move in and out of traffic without regard for other vehicles

Montalban, Rizal Jeepneys

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino driver may be all or any the following: Thinks that cars, trucks, motorcycles, scooters, tricycles, trisikads, bikes, skateboards are all in the same category...as long as it moves forward, it can be driven the same way and manner in any kind of road, in any traffic condition all over in the country

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino pedestrian may be all or any the following:

They think roads are part of malls where they can just walk leisurely anywhere,

Rizal Avenue Vicinity of Monumento and Central Market

Hidalgo, Manila

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino pedestrian may be all or any the following:

They think sidewalks were made for vendors not pedestrians,

Claro M. Recto Ave. Cigarette vendor

Group of sidewalk vendors

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino pedestrian may be all or any the following:

They think those white lines are street graffiti or indicates "do not step" here.

Road Markings

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino pedestrian may be all or any the following:

They believe they are faster than the speed of light because they love to outrun vehicles on the road

People are just illegally crossing the roadway whenever the jeepneys stop.

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METRO MANILA TRAFFIC SURVEY Filipino pedestrian may be all or any the following:

They think PED XING is a foreign word meant for Chinese or Koreans,

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STREET HISTORY Claro Maranan Recto street (C.M. Recto)

Formerly known as Calle Azcarraga after the Prime Minister Gen. Marcelo Azcarraga y Palmero. It is one of the main thoroughfares of downtown Manila; it stretches to the Binondo area in Tutuban and ends up in what is now Mendiola Street
C.M. Recto road

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STREET HISTORY

Prime Minister Gen. Marcelo Azcarraga y Palmero

Born in Manila in 1832 to a Basque Spanish father (a general, later turned bookseller) and a mestiza-Bicolana mother from Albay, Marcelo de Azcrraga y Palmero. Studied law at the Universidad de Santo Toms in Manila (UST) before moving on to the Nautical School and then transferred to Spain to attend a military academy. Later on it was renamed to honour of Senator Claro M. Recto despite National Artist for Architecture Juan Nakpils written protests.

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STREET HISTORY

Senator Claro M. Recto

A Batangas native, an Atenean hisghschooler, an excellent legislator, a talented poet. Respectable statesman during the early 19th century U. S. civil administration. Known as the Father of the Constitution, he mainly authored the 1935 Philippine charter. Filipino First Policy

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STREET HISTORY

Legarda Street Used to be addressed as Calle Alix, after Manilas 1896 Magistrate Jose Maria Alix.

Legarda, Manila

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STREET HISTORY Magistrate Jose Maria Alix Real Audiencia de Manila magistrate in the 1860's. (The highest tribunal within the territories of the Captaincy General of the Philippines, a dependency of the Viceroyalty of New Spain) Under the jurisdiction of Sampaloc, the street now pays tribute to Hon. Benito Legarda

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STREET HISTORY Hon. Benito Tuazon Legarda Jr. A former Malolos Congress representative. One of the first commissioners of the Philippines to the United States. A member of the ruling elite class at the time along with highlyesteemed personalities such as Trinidad Pardo de Tavera and Cayetano Arellano.

Member of President Emilio Aguinaldos cabinet at Malolos and Vice-President of the Malolos Congress. Don Benito also held the position of Director of the Treasury Department.

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STREET HISTORY Hon. Benito Tuazon Legarda Jr. His Grand Father Dr. Benito J. Legarda, V belongs to the Spanish mestizo Legarda and Roces clans, and also to the Chinese mestizo Tuason clan. His father Don Benito Legarda y Lerma was a prominent Manila businessman who married Doa Cirila Tuason, of the rich SpanishChinese Tuason clan.
Felipe Gonzles Caldern y Roca (left), author of the Malolos Constitution, with Benito T. Legarda, Jr. (right)

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STREET MAP

LEGARDA STREET

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STREET MAP

LEGARDA STREET

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STREET MAP

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STREET MAP

LEGARDA STREET

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STREET MAP

LEGARDA STREET

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION

LEGARDA STREET

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION

LEGARDA STREET

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION

LEGARDA STREET

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION

Figueras Street

Main Street LEGARDA STREET

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION

LEGARDA STREET

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION

Florida Bus Terminal

LEGARDA STREET

Penafrancia Bus Terminal

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION Number of being Deployed TIA (pr. day) Legarda St. CM Recto Intersection 2 1 3

Morning
Afternoon Total:

1 1 2

Manila Traffic and Parking Local Bureau. Manila Traffic Enforcement Strategic Counter Measure Direct Traffic and control Mobile Sources

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION Bus Banning

The Manila City Government passed a city resolution banning buses without franchises and terminals on July 26, 2013.
Resolution No.1 Series of 2013 which bans buses that do not have terminals inside the city of Manila

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION Bus Banning TIME LIMITS

7:00 A.M 9:00 A.M 4:00 P.M 7:00 P.M

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION Bus Banning Reactions (On-Line Interview)
Gallego, Kristine

Disadvantages lang nun eh DOBLE GASTOS SA ORAS AT PAMASAHE, pwede rin mabawasan yung market sales ng Manila hindi lang sa dumaraan ng Legarda, kasi yung iba nagttransport ng products thru buses di naman pwedeng jeep.
Iyena, Sta. Cruz

Disadvantage... maraming commuters ang nastranded kahit di umuulan sa kakulangan ng mga sasakyan

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ROAD NETWORKS AND TRAFFIC INCLUSION Legarda Traffic Opinions (On-Line Interview)
Tresvalles, Kris

I think traffic will get better if theres a proper loading and unloading zone for jeepneys and buses along the area (legarda). Actually ok na yung roads, the real problem are the road managers(drivers and pedestrians). Kulang po sa disiplina.
Baruelo, Reno

In most cases, to lessen traffic, government constructs roadway wherever they think it will work. The expected good effect will always be temporary as long as behavioural aspect of the users doesnt fit.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Triple convergence- the volume of traffic will always expand to meet the available capacity. THE START OF BUS BANNING

Drop Off Side

Intersection Road

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Triple convergence- the volume of traffic will always expand to meet the available capacity. THE NEXT DAY

Drop Off Side

Intersection Road

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Triple convergence- the volume of traffic will always expand to meet the available capacity. THE RESERVE ALTERNATIVE ROAD

LRT Line 2 Legarda Station

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Not disciplined drivers

Proper loading and unloading station are being ignored

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches The way it's always been Those rules exist, in the form of laws and regulations, but enforcement is extremely weak.

Enforcers loosely manage the general flow of traffic, but ignore most violations.
Drivers believe they have the freedom to disregard regulations and drive aggressively, which in turn creates a competitive environment where drivers feel they need to disregard regulations and drive aggressively.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Law of the jungle In the absence of effective enforcement, leaves each driver both fending for himself and deciding for himself how to interact with the network.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Catch me if you can -aggressively-driven vehicles

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Hit and miss process Slowing down at any part of the road if there are potential passengers who are going to board.

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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Observations and approaches Buses and Jeepneys do not move to the edge of the roadway when stopping to load and unload passengers.

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RECOMENDATIONS Install and repair the rail islands Develop good waiting area and terminals Provide enforcement agents that will control the crossing of the pedestrians in the roadway

Avoid on-street parking

Regulated waiting time of buses and jeepneys for the passengers. (25 sec). Install and upgrade pedestrian lights in every pedestrian lane Control turn-lane behaviour of vehicles Impose order not restore order (laws/ordinances) Improve greeneries

Redefine arcades and sidewalks