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Submitted by: Par Braham Giri Roll No. 1101740034 Presented by:
There are many types of refrigeration like. 1. Ice Refrigeration 2. Evaporative Refrigeration 3. Air Refrigeration 4. Vapour Refrigeration 5. Steam-jet Refrigeration 6. Solar Refrigeration 7. Liquid Gases Refrigeration
from sun and to convert solar energy into electrical energy. This Electrical energy we use in Refrigerator.
The solar energy is used for many purpose as Drying,
helps to conserve non renewable energy sources like oil, gas, coal and Nuclear fuels.
Solar energy may be collected either as heat or as electricity. There are different methods of cooling using solar energy are
work for operating conventional compressor of a conventional vapour compression refrigeration system.
The shaft work to the compression was provided by a
steam turbine supplied with a steam which was generated by a steam generator placed at the focus of a large parabolic mirror.
The COP of the system was found to be about 30% of the
mechanical power is more complex than absorption cycle directly driven by solar heat. There fore, not much work has been done in developing the rankine cycle for the use of vapour compression system.
In this system cooling tower are not generally acceptable
temperature rises to 50c and therefore the condenser designed becomes critical.
collected by solar concentrators and passed through a high speed turbines which runs a centrifugal compressor of the conventional refrigeration cycle.
A small electric motor is mounted on the same shaft to
provide stand by compressor power and to serve as a alternator when the compressor is idle but the sun is shining.
CIRCUIT 1.
CIRCUIT 2.
This circuit is used to generate mechanical power which is use to run the compressor of refrigeration circuit. This power generating circuit consist of generator, turbine, condenser and a pump.
The hot water from the collector is used to vaporise the organic fluid in the refrigerant generator. The vaporised fluid drives the turbine which drives the compressor of the refrigeration cycle. The vapour coming out at lower pressure from turbine is condensed in the condenser and pumped back to the refrigerant boiler.
CIRCUIT 3.
This is conventional vapour compression refrigeration cycle which works on reversed rankine cycle. This circuit consist of compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator. An advantage of using refrigerant in the power cycle is low grad heat which can be used to generate the vapour. But the disadvantage is thermal effinciency is very poor.
condenser and led to the refrigerant storage. The conveying of warm condensate from the condenser into
pressure is evaporated by absorbing the heat from the air or water which is circulated in the evaporator. This cooled air or water is further used either for refrigeration or air conditioning according to requirement.
with cooling water flowing on one side and weak mixture flowing from the generator on the other side.
absorber reduces the pressure from high generator pressure to a lower one in the absorber.
between absorber and generator which transfer energy from the weak hot liquid coming out from generator to the strong cooled liquid coming out of absorber.
mentioned requirement.
The pumps and blowers are also ruled out as well as no
calcium chloride as the absorbent came out as the best solution for the requirements.
halides to form complexes with certain gases, especially NH3. For refrigeration, chloride of calcium is well suited. It absorbs 8 moles of NH3 of which 6 can be driven off at temperature around 100*c.
For condensing temperature of 40*c the dotted lines to the
mentioned two steps and almost twice the latent heat of vaporization. This states that the COP of the cycle can not be more than 0.5.
Another absorbent used in chloride of strontium from
which 7 moles of NH3 out of 8 can be driven off which is an advantage over calcium chloride but it is very costly compared with calcium chloride.
maintenance.
It has no problem to obtain evaporation temperature -10
to -15 oC.
The efficiency of the cycle is not very sensitive to high
condensing temperature like other system. A gravity driven evaporation/condensation loop is the only feasible solution that will lend itself easily to an automatic operation. This is only possible with this cycle.