Great Lakes Institute of Energy Management and Research

Planning, Policy Regulatory and operational Aspects of Small Hydro

Dr. P. Saxena Director
MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

21st March,2012

Out Line of Presentation

Indian Energy Scenario Over all Renewable Energy Development in India and 12th Plan Projections Hydro Power Policy and Regulations in India

Classification, Planning and operational aspects of Small Hydro

THE CHALLENGE
Developing countries are facing formidable challenges in meetings its energy needs and providing adequate energy of

desired quality in a
sustainable manner and at

reasonable costs.

INDIAN ENERGY SCENARIO

India
India has a geographical area of about

3.28 million sq. km.

1.21 billion population 28 States and 7 Union Territories with 640 districts About 30% of Indias population lives in 7742 towns and 70% in about 0.608 million villages.

INDIA-SOME FACTS

Rural population

- about 800 million

Total villages

610,000

Unelectrified villages

95,000

Unelectrified households

45% total
56% rural

INDIAN POWER SCENARIO

TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY GROSS GENERATION PER CAPITA CONSUMPTION ENERGY SHORTAGE PEAKING SHORTAGE

1,90,766 MW 850 BUs 733 kwh/ Annum about 8.2 % about 10.5 %

Indian Power Sector at a Glance

Thermal 1,04,816

Hydro 38,848

Gas 17,742

Renewable 23379

Nuclear 4780

Total installed capacity : 1,90,766 MW

Renewable contributes 23379 MW 12 %

If we take large hydro under RE 32%
Source: CEA
As on 29.2. 2012

POWER GROWTH PERSPECTIVE

Electricity demand growing @ 8% annually Capacity addition of about 100,000 MW required

in the next 10 years

Challenge is to meet the energy needs in a

sustainable manner

PROPOSED CAPACITY ADDITION 20 22

Total 1,00,000 MW

Renewable Power Potential

S. No. 1. Wind Power Resource Estimated Potential (In MWeq.) 49,000

2.
3.

Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW)

Bio-Power: Agro-Residues Cogeneration - Bagasse Waste to Energy: - Municipal Solid Waste to Energy - Industrial Waste to Energy Sub-Total

15,000
17,000 5,000 2,600 1,280 89,880

Solar Energy
Total

>100,000 30-50 MW/ sq. km.

>1,89,880

Plan wise Renewable Power Growth

Beginning of 10th Plan (MW) 1.4.2002 Beginning of 11th Plan (MW) 1.4.2007 Target 11th Plan (MW) 11th plan Achvmnt. till 31.12.11 (MW) Cumulative Achvmnt. up to 31.12.11 (MW)

Wind
Small Hydro Bio power Solar Total

1,628
1,434 389 2 3,453

7,092
1,976 1,184 3 10,255

9,000
1,400 1,780 200** 12,380

8,598
1,322 1,841 115 11,876

16,078
3,252 3,123.79 189.98 22,643.90

106% growth during 11th Plan

12

Indian Renewable Energy at a Glance

Source: CEA
As on 29.2. 2012

12th Plan Projections

Installed Capacities in MW
Source Likely Installed capacity by end of 11th Plan 31.3.2012 Capacity addition Target for 12th Plan (2012-17) Target installed capacity at the end of 12th Plan % of Potential likely to be harnessed at the end of 12th Plan

Wind power Small Hydro Biomass Power Bagasse Cogeneration Waste to Power Solar Power TOTAL

16,300 3,390 1,125 1,866 104 215 23,000

14

15,000 2,100 500 1,400 500 10,000 29,500

31,300 5,500 1,700 3,200 600 10,200 52,500

64% 37% 11% 64% 22% 10% 28%

GRID INTERACTIVE RENEWABLE POWER

The Government aim is that 10-12 percent of the grid interactive power generation installed capacity should come from renewables
Deployment of renewable power during the 11th Plan has made it the second largest source after conventional power. A target of 14,000 MW capacity addition has been achieved during the 11th Plan.
3

Wind Power

Potential Achievement 11th Plan Target/ Achievement:

: :

49,000 MW 15,683 MW 9,000 MW/ 7,897 MW

Deployment target 12th Plan : 15,000 MW. Strategy: Accelerated depreciation to go away GBI scheme to be reviewed after 11th Plan and continued for 12th Plan for up to 4,000 MW capacity projects. Wind Resource activities to be substantially increased. Evacuation infrastructure to be developed. Separate RPO for wind. Enforce RPO. Make REC work. Work towards competitive bidding.
16

Small Hydro Power

Potential : 15000 MW

Achievement

3198 MW (as on 31.10. 11)

1400 MW / 1178 MW 2100 MW.

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: Deployment target 12th Plan : Strategy: Private sector participation

Performance based incentivisation for State sector / NE Small plants to get higher support.
17

Biomass Power

Potential Achievement

: :

17000 MW 1097 MW 500 MW/ 567 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement:

Deployment target 12th Plan : 500 MW. Strategy:

Promotion of small capacity biomass projects with biomass linkage and captive plantations.

18

Bagasse Cogeneration

Potential Achievement

: :

5000 MW 1854 MW

11th Plan Target/ Achievement: 1200 MW/ 1155 MW Deployment target 12th Plan : 1400 MW.

Strategy:

Promotion of BOOT/BOLT model in cooperative sector sugar mills.

Promotion of optimum cogeneration potential in small size sugar mills (<2500 TCD).
19

Solar Energy and Solar Mission

Potential Achievement

: :

20-50 MW/ sq. km 120 MW

Over 18 lakh SPV Systems installed / distributed 11th Plan Target (incl. 2013) Target for 12th Plan Target for 13th Plan : : :
20

1100 MW 4000 MW. 15000 MW.

HYDRO POWER
Hydropower is a renewable, non-polluting and environmentally benign source of energy. It is perhaps the oldest renewable energy technique for electricity generation. It represents inflation free energy with matured technology characterized by highest prime mover efficiency and spectacular operational flexibility.

21

Hydro Resource in India

Hydro potential in India is about Small Hydro Potential is over

150,000 MW 15,000MW

Ministry of Power deals with large hydro projects MNRE is responsible for small hydro up to 25 MW Water is a State Government subject Hydropower installed capacity: Small hydro installed capacity:

38,848 MW 3,342 MW

MAJOR RIVER SYSTEMS OF INDIA

360 680 72
0

760 800 840

INDUS RIVER SYSTEM

S U D IN

320

M LU B JHE ENA H C

880
YAMUNA

920
KAMENG
SUBA NSIRI

280

S DU IN

DELHI

GANGA RIVER SYSTEM

GA NG A

NEPAL BHUTAN
A ST TI
GA GA N

BET WA

SA BA RM AT

240

S NA BA

AM CH

NR SO

DAMODAR

BANGLA DESH

I AH M

200

DA MA NA R PI TA

MA HA N A

DI

BA RA K

L BA

RA UT AP HM A BR

MYANMAR
CENTRAL INDIAN RIVER SYSTEM

GODA V A RI

WEST FLOWING RIVER SYSTEM

KRIS HNA

EAST FLOWING RIVER SYSTEM

PENN ER
SHARAVATHI

KUTTIYADI

PERIYAR

DIB AN G
NG HA DI

VI RA AS BE

J TLE SU

C H ( T

I I B

N E

A T )

BRAHMAPUTRA RIVER SYSTEM

960
T HI LU

HA K I RE RN RN TA I BE BA NI SU HMA

BRA

ER UV CA Y

Hydropower Definition & Applications

Large 25 Small

Inter/ Intra State grid Sale/ Merchant Sale

15

MW
3 Mini

Grid-Sale/ REC/ Captive/ Third party sales

Distributed Generation/ grid-sales/ DG-RE systems with grid-support/ Off-grid RE
Classification of Small Hydro (Head wise): Ultra Low - < 3 mtrs Low Medium 3 mtrs and upto 30 mtrs Between 30 and 75 mtrs

1 0.1 0

Micro

Classification of Small Hydro (Size wise)

Pico - < 5 kW Micro - > 5 kW and upto 100 kW Mini - > 100 kW and upto 2 MW Small - > 2 MW and upto 25 MW

High

> 75 metres and above

HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT
12th Plan Target for Hydro Power Generation
Sl. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. States Himachal Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Uttarakhand Punjab Madhya Pradesh Andhra Pradesh Kerala Karnataka West Bengal Sikkim Arunachal Pradesh Assam Manipur Tamil Nadu Meghalaya Total Central Sector No. MW 2 816 4 2450 12 4374 0 0 3 166 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 120 1 520 3 1610 0 0 2 1566 0 0 0 0 28 11,622 State Sector No MW 7 892 4 1473 7 1655 1 168 0 0 3 1560 6 373 2 400 2 66 0 0 0 0 1 150 0 0 1 500 1 54 35 7291 Private sector No. MW 6 749 0 0 5 829 1 75 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 1935 23 7969 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 450 46 12,007 Total No. MW 15 2457 8 3923 24 6858 2 243 3 166 3 1560 6 373 2 400 3 186 11 2455 26 9579 1 150 2 1566 1 500 2 504 109 30,920

HYDROPOWER CLASSIFICATION

Pico Micro Mini Small Medium Large

5 kW & below 100 kW & below 2000 kW & below 25000 kW & below 100,000 kW & below above 100,000 kW

Indian hydro is 115 year old. First hydro in Darjeeling 1897. Biggest capacity today is Naptha Jhakri Hydro

project of 1500 MW in Himachal Pradesh

PRE ELECTRICITY ACT 2003

Private sector participation in the renewables started in early 90s MNES issued guidelines in 1993-94 for purchase of power from renewables, wheeling, banking etc.

Selected states announced policies for private sector participation

Most of the SEBs reorganized and regulators came in

existence.

Electricity Act Announced in 2003

Regulations in Hydro Sector

Hydro policy was announced in1998 and revised in Nov.2008. Small hydro needs to be promoted. Projects above 100 MW to be allotted by States through tariff

based bidding only.

Projects below 100 MW can be allotted through MOU route.
Hydro projects to be allotted by States in a transparent manner. Projects costing more than Rs. 2500 crore require CEA

concurrence.

SMALL HYDRO POWER

It is recognized that small hydro power projects can play a significant role in meeting energy requirements in remote and hilly areas where extension of grid is uneconomical.

Small hydro can contribute in capacity addition of hydropower in short time frame.

29

POST- ELECTRICITY ACT 2003

Electricity Act in 2003 National Electricity Policy in 2005 Tariff Policy in 2006

Salient features of Electricity Act - 2003

Laws relating to Generation, Transmission,

Distribution, Trading and use of Electricity

Facilitates De-regulation of the Power Sector

Permits Private-Sector Participation

Identifies the Regulatory Framework

Creates the Regulatory Authorities

Establishes PGCIL as the Grid Operator

Salient features of Electricity Act - 2003

Recognized the role of Renewable Energy for supply of Power to Utility Grid / Stand-alone System Preferential Tariff and Quota for Renewable Energy Section 86(1): SERC to specify a percentage of electricity to be purchased from renewables by a distribution licensee.

THE NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY

The National Electricity Policy aims at:

Access to electricity available for all households in the next five years.
Availability of Power- Demand to be fully met by 2012. Supply of Reliable and Quality Power. Per capita availability of electricity to increased to over 1000 units by 2012. Minimum lifeline consumption of 1 unit/household/day by 2012.

THE NATIONAL ELECTRICITY POLICY

About Renewables Section 2.2.20 & 5.12
Feasible potential of non-conventional energy resources

needs to be exploited
With a view to increase share of renewables, efforts will

be made to encourage private sector participation through suitable promotional measures.

SERCs to provide suitable measures for connectivity with

grid and sale of electricity to any person , and promote co-generation

THE TARIFF POLICY 2006

Section 6.4: Renewables: SERC to announce Renewable purchase obligation by 1st

April,2006
It will take some time before NRSE technologies can

compete with conventional in terms of cost.

Procurement by distribution licensees shall be done, as

far as possible, through competitive bidding

CERC to lay down guidelines for pricing of power from

NRSE, which is to be followed where procurement is not through competitive bidding.

NATIONAL TARIFF POLICY - 2006

Objectives of Tariff Policy:
Ensure

availability of electricity to consumers at reasonable and competitive rates;

Ensure financial viability of the sector and attract

investments;
Promote transparency, consistency and predictability

in regulatory approaches across jurisdictions and minimize perceptions of regulatory risks;

Promote competition, efficiency in operations and

improvement in quality of supply.

TECHNOLOGY SPECIFIC PARAMETER FOR SHP CERC Regulation 2009

Capital Cost
The normative capital cost for SHP during first year of control period

(FY 2009-10) shall be as follows: Region project size

Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand and NE States

Below 5 MW
5 MW to 25 MW

capital cost (Rs. Lac/MW) 700 630

Other States

Below 5 MW 5 MW to 25 MW

550 500

TECHNOLOGY SPECIFIC PARAMETER FOR SMALL HYDRO PROJECTS (SHP)

Capacity Utilization Factor (CUF)

CUF shall be 45% for SHP located in Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and North Easter States For other States CUF shall be

30%

Normative CUF is net of free power to the home state if any, and any quantum of free power if committed by the developer over and above the normative CUF shall not be factored into the tariff

Auxilliary consumption

Normal Auxilliary Consumption for SHP shall be 1.0%

TECHNOLOGY SPECIFIC PARAMETER FOR SMALL HYDRO PROJECTS (SHP)

Operation and Maintenance Expenses
Normative O&M expenses for the first year of control period

(FY 2009-10)

Region
Himachal Pradesh Uttarakhand and NE States Other States

project size
Below 5 MW

capital cost
(Rs. Lac/MW) 21

5 MW to 25 MW 15 Below 5 MW 17 5 MW to 25 MW 12 Normative O&M expenses shall be escalated at the rate of 5.72% per annum for the tariff period for the purpose of determination of levellised tariff.

GOI POLICY ON HYDROPOWER DEVELOPMENT

Projects held up for environment and forest clearance,

concerned State Govt./developer to get the timely E&F clearances.

1% of free power with a matching 1% support from State

government for local area development to the affected local population.

Problems such as local agitation (law & order), land

acquisition etc. need be resolved by concerned State Government.

Project developer to seek long term open access by indicating

at least region(s) in which they intend to supply their power to enable development of transmission system.

SHP Planning and Layouts

41

Planning - SHP
For a systematic, time bound, duly shared between Government, Social and Private Sectors, master plan are required. It is an inventory of all possible sites. Provides priority or ranking for speed development.

Provides cluster approach.

Provides financial requirement.

Provides grid network strengthening.

Master Plan
Assessment of SHP potential of existing irrigation dams and canals.

Assessment of potential as run off river schemes

Assessment of potential sites for rural electrification.

Compilation of the above mentioned activities with prioritization of identified SHP sites.
Creating of spatial database using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for the state incorporating various themes including identified SHP sites.

Run-of-River SHP Sites

Run-of-river (ROR) hydropower implies that there is no (or minimal) storage reservoir. The instantaneous flows that are passed through the powerhouse are essentially the flows that occur in the stream at the intake and flows downstream of the powerhouse are virtually identical to predevelopment flows. Run-of-river facilities use low dams to provide limited storage of water at most daily pondage. In a run-off river SHP scheme, through a diversion structure water is diverted to water conductor system to the powerhouse.

Hydrological Cycle

Tentative Layout For RoR Scheme(Rampur SHP)

Canal Based SHP Sites

A Canal based scheme utilises the drops on existing/proposed irrigation canals. The energy generated by water flowing through the canal fall (located in the canal) is tapped for power generation. Powerhouse is located at the main canal or a bye pass canal is constructed where the powerhouse can be located.

Dam Toe SHP Sites

The dam provides the means to regulate the flow of water, and can add to the height of the source of water thereby effectively increasing the head (H).

Reservoir created by the dam may store and regulate stream flows to make them more timely for power production, and to serve other purposes for water resource development.

Powerhouse is located at the toe of the dam and it utilizes the discharge release through sluice primarily meant for irrigation and the head available (water level difference between upstream and downstream of reservoir) for power generation.

Layouts

Types of Hydropower
Run of River:

Run of river hydropower development

Using existing facilities:

Typical Arrangement of canal fall small hydropower development

Reservoir Based Hydropower Development

Canal Falls

Water Mills

Small Hydro owned by individuals

Dam toe project in MP

SMALL HYDRO POWER PROGRAMME

The Ministrys aim is that about 50% of the

potential should be harnessed by the end of 13th Plan.

About 50% of the potential lies in Himalayan

States, Karnataka, Maharashtra.

Andhra

Pradesh

and

A large part of capacity addition is now coming

through private sector participation.

State-wise Potential and Achievement

State Sites (Nos.) 497 566 119 95 184 6 292 33 536 Potential (MW) 560 1333 238 213 993 6.5 196 110 2268
Achievement (MW)

Andhra Pradesh Arunachal Pradesh Assam Bihar Chhatisgarh Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Pradesh

192.63 78.83 31.11 59.80 19.050 0.050 15.600 70.100 440.96

State-wise Potential and Achievement

State Sites (Nos.)
246 103 309 245 2 99 255 114 101 75 99

Potential (MW)
1417 208 2029 704 803 732 109 229 166 196

Achievement (MW) 130.59 4.050 856.25 141.67 86.16 279.92 5.450 31.030 36.470 28.670

Jammu & Kashmir Jharkhand Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharashtra Manipur Meghalaya Mizoram Nagaland

State-wise Potential and Achievement

State
Orissa Punjab Rajasthan

Sites (Nos.)
222 237 66

Potential (MW)
295 393 57

Achievement (MW) 64.30 154.50 23.85

Sikkim
Tamil Nadu Tripura Uttar Pradesh Uttaranchal West Bengal A&N Island Total

91
197 13 251 444 203 7 5,718

265
659 46 460 1577 396 8 15,384

52.11
103.05 16.01 25.10 146.82 98.40 5.250 3197.79

Focus States

Karnataka Himachal Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh
Uttarakhand Kerala Maharashtra Chattisgarh Arunachal Pradesh

SHP Programme
The MNRE has been providing financial support / subsidy for following activities to develop the SHP sector :

Resource Assessment, Detailed Survey & Investigation, DPR

Preparation and perspective plan for States

Capital Subsidy to State Sector Projects Subsidy for Commercial Projects Renovation & Modernization of old SHP projects (State Sector)

Micro Hydel &Water Mills

Capacity building

PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES

Worlds largest SHP development programme

through private sector participation

Policies for private sector participation for

SHP development announced by 23 States

Over 8500 MW capacity SHP sites offered/ allotted to private sector for their development

PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES

299 SHP projects aggregating 1528 commissioned by the private sector.
Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Himachal Pradesh Maharashtra Uttaranchal Punjab West Bangal Orissa 743.70 MW 106.03 MW 296.10 MW 85.00 MW 49.50 MW 29.25 MW 6.45 MW 32.0 MW

MW

Tariff Policy in Top Ten SHP Potential States

State Wheeling Banking TP Sale Buy-back and Annual Escalation
Rs. 2.50/ kWh

H.P.

2% of energy generated

Permitted with additional charges 2 Months monetised at average pooled price Permitted for 2 months

Not permitted

Uttaranchal

To be determined by ERCU; 10% Free if soled to UPCL or rural distribution 10% now, to be decided by SCRC. No charges for sale to PDD or local grid 20% of energy generation Permitted with no charges for first 3 years and 1% after that

Permitted to HT consumer, rural areas, out side State Permitted HT consumers

14% IRR

Jammu & Kashmir

Negotiable

Karnataka

1 year

Rs. 2.90/ kWh in the first year Permitted Rs. 2.84/ kWh in the first year; AE Rs. 0,03 per unit /year till 10 years

Maharashtra

Permitted

Tariff Policy in Top Ten SHP Potential States

State Wheeling Banking TP Sale Buy-back and Annual Escalation (AE)
On case by case basis AE Nil Negotiable

Kerala

15% of energy generated 5% of energy generated

Not permitted Not permitted

Not permitted

Tamil Nadu

Not permitted

M.P.

2% of energy generated
2% of energy generated 2% of energy generated

Not permitted
1 year

Permitted

Rs. 2.25/kWh

U.P.

Permitted

Rs. 2.25/ kWh

Andhra Pradesh

8 -12 Months

Permitted but not< HTT

Rs. 2.69/ kWh up to 35% PLF, Rs.0.25 >35% PLF Rs. 2.73/ kWh (98-99) AE 5%

Punjab

2% of energy generated

1 year

Permitted

The SHP Project Developmental Cycle & Key stakeholders

Project Allotment TEC & Statutory Clearances Financial Closure Construction Operation & Generation

State Government Developers State Nodal Agency

State Government Central Pollution Control Board Developer DPR Consultants Other SG Departments

Financial Institution/s & Commercial Banks Developer Equity Contributors

Original Equipment Supplier Developer Civil, Electrical & Mechanical Contractors

State Utility Developer Regulator

Required Characteristics of the Chain for SHP Development in India

Clarity of procedures Viability Timeliness of Allotment Reliable hydrological/ geological studies Single window Approach Clarity of procedures Fixed Timelines Process Efficiency

Streamlined due Diligence Fixed Timelines

Local stakeholder consultation for timely allotment of land Delivery of equipment Development of local & evacuation infrastructure

Timely payment to developers Fair tariff determination

Major Bottlenecks in SHP Development in India

Project Allocation is not always transparent in some states using MoU route Upfront premium & Bidding on free power makes SHPs uncompetitive Poor data base for site identification esp. in NE States

Delays in Clearances Single window approach not there in most states Even with single Window approach need to follow files Long gestation period due to long procedures

Difficulty in getting Project financing especially for first generation entrepreneurs

Poor infrastructure Remote & dispersed sites have issues of accessibility esp. in NE Geological surprises/ natural calamities esp. in Himalayas zone leads time and cost overrun Local opposition & Law and order problems in NE & J&K

Remote & dispersed Sites have issues in accessing skilled labour for O&M work Unavailability of Evacuation system esp. NE States

Project Development Cycle Case of HP Allotment of Sites Development of

Identification of Site
HIMURJA Developer self identified These projects limit planning for evacuation

PFR HPSEB/ Consultant/ Developer

Delays As the utility may not give priority to the task

Clearance From IPH / Power Dept Go/ No Go Clearance

Doubling of effort Developer makes PFR again before bidding Development & Submission of Application/Bid

Notification of Site Allotment

HIMURJA Website Local and National News Papers

Evaluation of Application/ Bid by HIMURJA

Technical 30%` Financial 60%` Interview 10%` Major Delays

Investigation by Developer of Site Head & Discharge Investigation Economic Viability and Broad Site Planning

Allotment of Project Letter of Intent

Project Allocation Clearances Gram Panchayat and Wild Life Responsibility of HIMURJA (SNA) Has to be done by Developer

MoU Project Development Agreement

Within 30 Days of allotment Preparation of Detailed Project Report

Delays often happen here due to ambiguity in policy, political transitions or change in management at the SNA In case of HP, allotment is still to be made for sites notified in 2008

Project Development Cycle Case of HP

Clearances, Project Construction and

DPR forwarded to HIMURJA for TEC Clearance Delay No need for sending DPR through HIMURJA TEC forwarded to HPSEB 3-4 Months

Commissioning
Development of DPR Developer/ Consultant 1to 2 Years 6 Months to 1 Year

Broad DPR Preparation - Consultant

Delay Low priority for HPSEB

Detailed Engineering

Land Acquisition (Forest, Private, Panchayat and Govt)

Major Delays in forest & land acquisition Clearances

Punjab also has a Tripartite agreement between developer, PEDA & irrigation department

TEC Clearance from HPSEB

1-2 Months Request to State Government for signing of IA (Implementation Agreement)

Implementation Agreement

Financial Closure

PPA, Land Section 118 (in HP) & Fisheries Forest & PCB Irrigation & Water resources Industrial licensing Labour permits Utility approval for inter connection Local government level approval Usage of explosive for excavation
Appointment of EPC Contractors Civil & EME

Delay State government usually takes its own sweet time

Delay - Development of access infrastructure roads to project site, use of cable based trolley systems for conveying material to fore bay tank, weir, penstock
Restrictions from forest department on cutting of trees Project Construction Project Commissioning

Getting equity for 1st time developers an issue

Coordination delays between civil and EME Contractors Need for integrated service providers these are usually more expensive but commissioning takes place earlier

Technical Centre
Alternate Hydro Energy Centre (AHEC) at IIT Roorkee is the

lead technical centre for small hydro

It provides technical backup to the Ministry on all aspects of

small hydro
Provides consultancy on design and development of SHP

projects
Offers M.Tech course on SHP Organises regular training courses for International and

National participants
Have facilities for research and testing of SHP projects

EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING STATUS

India has a wide base of manufacturers of equipment for hydro

power projects.
State-of-the-art equipment are available indigenously.
15 manufacturers produce almost the entire range and type of

hydropower equipment.
Most of the worlds leading equipment manufacturers have their

factory and or offices in India.

There are about 5 manufactures that are producing micro hydro

and watermill equipment.

PERFORMANCE TESTING OF SHP STATIONS

The small hydro project when commissioned is required to be

tested for its performance by AHEC, IIT Roorkee.

The capital subsidy is released after project attaining the

following:
Overall performance of the station should be satisfactory. Plant equipment should conform to Indian/International standards. Weighted average efficiency of generating units should, with certain

exceptions, be at least 75%. Project should have attained 80% of projected generation for a minimum of 3 months at a stretch.

However it is not mandatory condition for performance testing for large hydropower projects

ESTABLISHMENT OF R&D HYDRAULIC TURBINE LABORATORY

R&D hydro turbine Laboratory of International level being established at AHEC IIT Roorkee
turbine-model testing,
research & development (R&D), human resource development (HRD)

verification of designs,
generation of design data, design validation through CFD analysis, Witnessing tests on turbines/pumps in field

Laboratory is expected to be fully functional by the end of year 2012.

STANDARDS FOR SMALL HYDRO

SHP needs to be made profitable and a long-term investment

opportunity, while ensuring quality and reliability of the power.

To make SHP cost effective and reliable, standards, guidelines and

manuals are required covering entire range of SHP activities.

Necessity of the standards/guidelines and manuals strongly felt by

developers, manufactures, consultants, regulators and others.

Government of India has initiated preparation of about 30 standards

for SHP and are expected to be ready by the year 2011.

THANK YOU