UNIT III -LABOUR WELFARE

Concept:
Anything done for the intellectual , physical, moral and economic betterment of the workers, whether by employers, by government or by other agencies over and above what is laid down by law or what is normally expected of the contractual benefits for which workers may have bargained . - Labour Investigation committee Such services , facilities and amenities as may be established in or in the vicinity of undertaking to enable the persons employed in them to perform their work in healthy, congenial surroundings and provide with amenities conductive to good health and high morale. - ILO

The voluntary efforts of the employers to establish within the existing industrial system, working and sometimes , living and cultural conditions of the employees beyond what is required by law, the custom of the country and the conditions of the market .

Objectives of Labour welfare

1. Labour welfare provides social comfort to employees 2. It provides intellectual improvement of employees 3. To develop sense of responsibility and belongingness among employees 4. To ensure that the working conditions for employees are of higher standard 5. To build stable work force 6. To reduce absenteeism and labour turnover 7. To make employees lives good and worth living 8. To boost productivity and efficiency at the workplace 9. To provide healthy and proper working conditions 10. To ensure well being of employees and families

Scope of Labour Welfare:

1.Conditions of work enviorment: -Workshop sanitation -Cleanliness -Temperature regulation -Ventilation -lighting -Elimination of dust, smoke, fumes and gas -Provision of urinals -Lavatories and bathing facilities -Provision for spitoons -water disposal -disposal of wastes,rubbish -white washing and repair of building -Repair of ingress, egress,passage and doors -provision for open spaces , gardens and roads -Provision of drinking water -Canteen services -Management of worker cloak room, rest room, library

-Convenience & comfort during the work, -Operation posture -sitting arrangements -distribution of work hours -provision of resttimes, meal time, breaks and workmens safety measures

2.Workers health services: -Factory health centre, playgrounds, healtheducation, medical examination of workers -Factory dispensary and clinic for general treatment , -treatment of individual diseases -fatigue and treatment of accidents -women and child welfare work -Anti natal &prenatal care -Maternity aid -Infant welfare, creches, womens general education -Health and family welfare

-Workers recreation facilities, playgrounds, outdoor life, atheletics, gymnasium and womens recreation 3.Education: -Provision of reading rooms -Libraries, circulating library, -Visual education, pictorial education - lecture programmes , debating unions -Study circle, education workers -Childrens nursery schools -Primary schools -Womens education on hygenic, family planning , child care, domestic economy, and handicrafts-Cultural activities include musical evenings, folksongs, folk dancing and festival celebration 4.Labour welfare programme also cover : -factory council, arbitration council , social welfare departments, cooperation with the personal administration

5. Labours economic welfare programme : -Cooperative or fair price shops -Cooperative credit society -Thrift schemes and savings bank -health insurance, employment bureau -Profit sharing & bonus schemes -factory transport services 6.General welfare work: Housing & family care

Need for Welfare work:

Industrial System The conditions under which the work is carried out -Ameliorative services -Protective devices -Compensatory benefits For accidents and injury - Provision of canteen improves physique -entertainment reduce the incident of vices - maternity, medical aid, child welfare improves the health of workers - education facility increases their mental efficiency and economic productivity A new atmosphere for the new joiners -Adjustment

Types of Labour Welfare:

Intramural: Welfare measures one within the factory. Likemedical facility, compensation for accidents, provision for crches and canteens, Supply of drinking water, washing, bathing facilities, provision of safety measures such as fencing and covering machines, Good lay out of the machinery and plant, Sufficient lighting, First aid appliances, fire extinguishers , PF, gratuity, maternity benefit etc. Extramural: done outside the factory premises. Housing accommodation Recreation facilities Amusement and sports Educational facilities for adults & children Provision for libraries and reading rooms

There are three types of Labour welfare

Voluntary measures, Statutory measures, Mutual measures

Voluntary measures are those measures which are done voluntarily by the employee.
Some of the measures like Housing Transportation Cooperative society Retirement Benefits Recreation Mutual Measures are steps taken by the government, employees and trade unions together for the welfare of the employees.

Statutory Labour Welfare: Statutory labour measures are those measures which has a legal binding to it. Under the labour act there are provisions made under various category. The Factories Act 1948: It emphasize on the following provisions -Washing facilities to male and female workers seperately - Facilities for storing and drying clothes - Facilities for occasional rest for workers who work in a standing position for long hours -First aid box (or) cupboard One for every 150 workers and ambulance facility if there is more than 500 workers. - Canteens, if there are more than 250 workers - Shelter ,restrooms and lunch rooms for more than 150 workers - crche if 30 or more women are employed. Children below 6yrs can be permited

Welfare officer , if 500 or more workers are employed

The Plantation Act 1951:

Canteen for more than 150 workers Crche for more than 50 workers Recreational facility for workers and their children Educational arrangements for children in estates if there are 25 or more children of workers between the age 6 to 12yrs Housing facility for every workers and his family in prescribed standard laid by the state government Medical aid to workers and their families , sickness and maternity allowance Making available to workers such as umbrellas, blankets, rain coats and other amenities for protection against rain (or) cold as prescribed by the state government. Welfare officer ,if 300 nor more workers are employed

Mines Act 1951: Shelter for taking food & rest if worker more than 50 First aid boxes and first aid rooms if workers more than 150 Canteen facility if workers more than 250 Creche facility if more than 50 womenworkers Pit head bath equipped with showers and sanitary latrines Welfare officer if 500 or more workers employed

The Motor Transport Workers act 1961

First aid facilities equipped with the prescribed contents in the transport vehicle Medical facility at the operating and halting centers Canteen facility if more than 100 workers Clean , ventilated , well lighted and comfortable rest rooms at every place where motor transport workers are required to halt at night Uniforms, raincoats to drivers, conductor and line checking staff Prescribed amount of working allowance

The contract labour act 1970:

Canteen facility of more than 100 workers Rest rooms (or) other alternative accommodations if he needs to stay at night in connection with the work Washing facility First aid box with prescribed contents

Inter State migrant workers -1979

Suitable conditions of work Suitable residential accommodation to workers during the period of their employment Medical facilities for workmen free of cost Protective clothing as prescribed

Labour Welfare Officer:

According to Factories act 1948 if the strength of employees is more than 500 and according to Plantation labour act 1951 , if the strength of employees more than 250 then a Labour Welfare officer should be recruited. It is created specifically to (i) Eliminate the malpractices of the jobber system in the recruitment of labour (ii) Improve labour administration in factories (iii) Serve as liaison with the State Labour Commissioner Should have a degree, degree or diploma in social service/social work from a recognised institution and adequate knowledge of local language

Duties of Labour welfare officer:

Advice and suggest the formulation of company labour ploicies, promote

training programmes, promote welfare schemes , secure housing, recreational and educational facility for workers Service Oriented: Help workers in solving family and personal problems and in adjusting to work environment. Helping management by making workers understand various problems He can supervise , inspect and regulate welfare, health and safety programmes. Oversee the implementation of labour law for the benefit of the workers Forward workers grievances to management and influence industrial relations climate when dispute arise. He can mediate between workers and management

The Government constitutes Labour Welfare Fund, as per section 3, to which the following are credited to
a) All Unpaid Accumulations due to workers

b) All fines realised from the workers

c) Deduction made under the proviso to Sub-section(2) of section 9 of the Payment of Wages Act,1936 and the proviso to Sub-section (2) of section 36 of the Tamil Nadu Shops and Establishments Act, 1947. d) Contribution from Employees, Employers and Government, e) Any interest by way of penalty, paid under Section 14 of the Tamil Nadu Labour Welfare fund act 1972

f) Any Voluntary Donation. g) Any amount raised by the Board from other sources to augment the resources of the Board. h) Any fund transferred under Sub-section 5 of Section 17 of the Tamil Nadu Labour Welfare Fund Act, 1972. i) Any sum borrowed under Section 18 of Tamil Nadu Labour Welfare Fund Act,1972 j) Any unclaimed amount credited to the Government in accordance with the rules made under the Payment of Wages Act, 1936 and Minimum Wages Act, 1948. k) Grants or Advances made by the Government. l) All fines imposed and realised from Employers by Courts for violation of Labour Laws less the deduction made by Courts towards administrative expenses.

Contribution to the Fund by Employee and Employer (Sec 15) and rules 11(a):
Every Employee contributes Rs.7/- per year and every Employer in respect of and such Employee, contributes Rs.14/- per year to the Fund and the Government in respect of each such employee contributes Rs.7/- per year to the Fund. (Amendment to Tamil Nadu Labour Welfare Fund Rules, 1973 (G.O. Ms.No.91, Labour and Employment (G.2) date.10.07.2009)

Training Schemes

To build up the career of young persons and to supply constant stream of trained personal to industries , The director general of employment and training (DGET) has designed a number of training programmes

Craftsmens Training Programme:

Set up ITI Industrial training institute to provide training to young women and men within the age of 14 -25yrs. These institutes are affiliated to National council for Vocational training (NCVT) imparting training in 41 engineering and 22 non engineering trades. MTI Modular training institutes have been set up by the government to organize crafts me training on modular basis.

Period of training varies from 1 to 2 yrs Entry qualification 8th ot 12th pass Provided with either fee or nominal fees Trainee is provided with free workshop clothing, hostel accommodation and medical facility.

Crafts instructors Training:

6 training institutes located in Bombay , Calcutta, Hyderabad, Kanpur, Ludhiana Central training institute at Madras Trades in which training are given are printing, farm mechanics, millwright trade, chemicals and weaving

Advanced vocational training: Started in 1977 To give training to highly skilled workers and technicians in advanced and sophisticated skills. Provided in 6 ATI and 16 ITI 1974 electronics & process instrumentation was established

Supervisor/foremens training: Bangalore, Jamshedpur Training on technical and managerial skills Long term and short term cources *Diploma in foremanship *Post diploma in foremanship Partime training for Industrial workers: Introduced in 1958 Only for 2yrs experienced Duration 2yrs in the evening , sponsored by employers

Apprenticeship training scheme: Under the act 1961 To engage apprentice in certain trades Basic training in the specific field and training in the shop floor Implemented y DGET thru 6 regional directorate of apprenticeship training The state government is responsible Duration -6 months to 4yrs Qualification 8th to higher secondary

Vocational training programme for women: Government + Swedish international development authority 9 RVTI for women Training on basic skills , advanced skills & instructural skills