Shrikant Andhale Karishma Dalal

6 27

Priyanka Kelgandre 70 Akshay Musle Karan Shah Nihara Tayshete 99 140 163

About the Movie

Socialist theme Filmfare award Cannes Film Festival

Challenges of Rural Area

Infrastructure Poverty Unemployment Illiteracy

Issues from the movie

Zamindar problem Industrialization Migration Child labour

Marketing in 1950s
Product Placement Sales in train

Zamindar

History analysis of land ownership

Zamindari abolition act. The area under kashtakars reduced. Hurdles in zamindari abolition system. Eg. UP. Bhoodan movment.

CAUSES OF ILLITERACY
Economic condition of the people. Educational programmes in rural area. Lack of entrepreneurship Preference to work Emigration of educated individuals ILLITERACY No family support. Many siblings.

Indian Industrial Revolution

The history of modern industrial development in India dates back to about last 150 years

Pre-Independence

Textile Mills
The first successful adventures were in the field of textile industry Uptil 1913-14,the number of cotton textile mills rose to 271 with total employment of 2, 60,000.

Jute mills
By 1913-14 the number of jute mills increased to 64 which provided average daily employment to 2, 19,288 people. Majority of these mills were located in and around the city of Kolkata.

Paper Mills
The first paper mill of the country was started at Ballyganj near Kolkata in 1870. Two more paper mills in Bengal and one at Lucknow were started between 1902 and 1905.

Rural Industrilisation

Concept of Revolution
Land near Kolkata and Bombay were properly suited for Mills. Illegal acquisition of land. Farmers were forced to work. Un-aware about the benefits Exploitation of mill workers. Under-compensation

Case Study
Boriya VS Aurepalle

Situation
Distance to near by Industry Traditional and non traditional jobs Dependency for consumption Alternative source of income Education

contribution of sectors to village GDP

sector dry agriculture wet agriculture livestock agriculture services household industries services trade Government services Ration shop GDP Boriya 1.36 28.9 20 13.37 0 7.37 14.56 4.93 9.51 100 Aurepalle 5.32 15.21 10.45 1 19.11 8.96 23.47 4.15 12.33 100

MIGRATION
The temporary or permanent movement of people from one place to another

Statistics

Sourcehttp://community.eldis.org/.59b6a372/Internal%20 Migration%20and%20Regional%20Disparities%20in %20India.pdf

http://www.unicef.org/india/1_Overview_(03-122012).pdf

Reasons for migration

Economical Political Social Environmental

Push Factor
Natural disaster Low and variable agricultural productivity Lack of local employment or advancement opportunities Population pressure Landlessness Marginalization

Pull factors
Perception of better quality of life Better Health and education service Industrialization

Problems in urban set-up

3 major problems faced by people who migrate: Defunct PDS, growing inflation Purchasing power and social behaviour Rents and property pricing

Problems in urban area due to migration

Widespread unemployment Rise of squatter settlements Overcrowding, unhygienic living conditions Strain on urban facilities Rising crime rates

Effects of migration in rural area

Depopulation Women take on greater share of farm work Declining farm productivity Social problems, single-parent family

Female & Child Labour

INTRODUCTION
Defined as work that deprives children of their childhood, their potential and their dignity, and that is harmful to physical and mental development.

REASONS
Poverty Irresponsible attitude of employers Fatalist attitude of poor towards life High Population

Illiteracy

IMPACT
Physical Educational Emotional Psychological development Anti-social behaviour

STATISTICS

STAKEHOLDERS
National Government Agencies N.G.Os Civil society Corporate entities

Individual social service activists

CASELET
Gurramma cotton seed worker
Padigipadu village, Kurnool district

Children working in farms

Controlled by Bayer and Monsanto

Solutions

Tackling Migration
Some Strategies can be incorporated in the National Policy: o Infrastructure investment in rural areas o Promotion of Education o Skill Training and Placement o Co-Development Strategies

Some benefits of Migration

Curbing child labour

Examples of states who have taken unique steps in this direction : o Rajasthan: Increasing the age o Gujarat: Helpline o Andhra Pradesh: Bridge Approach.

Making the Female Force strong

SEWAs Contribution. Rural Development through Entrepreneurship. Examples of women empowerment in other countries.

Industrial Development empowering the Rural Areas

A Start from the development of indigenous industries in rural areas. Mahatma Institute for rural Industrialization: o Assistance provided for setting up various industries in rural areas. Technological Factor improvement in the rural areas.

Some Models Implemented for Rural Development

Case of Pepsi Foods o Benefits to Farmers

THANK YOU