Академический Документы
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Культура Документы
MBA (ENL/HR/M&S)
Anita venaik
Module I:
Module I: Information Systems In Business and Decision Support Process in Business Business Process, and role of Information Systems in Business Processes , Types of Management Support Systems,( Transaction Processing System, Management Information System, Decision Support Systems, Executive Support Systems and Strategic Information Systems, Components of Information Systems, Centralized and Decentralized Information Systems Role of Information in Decision Making Process, Steps in Decision Making , Levels of Decision Making , Types of Decision (Structured , Semi structured & Non Structured Decisions on Systems
Objective
Data vs. Information Characteristics of Valuable Information What is a System? What is an Information System? CBIS Components Types of CBIS Different definitions of Information System
Information is a collection of facts organized (or processed) in such a way that they have additional value (i.e., a list of the class grades based on the exam score In a way, information is data that has been transformed into a more useful form
Turning data into information is a process performed to achieve a defined outcome and requires knowledge
Data
Data are raw facts and figures that on their own have no meaning
These can be any alphanumeric characters i.e. text, numbers, symbols
Data Examples
Yes, Yes, No, Yes, No, Yes, No, Yes 42, 63, 96, 74, 56, 86 111192, 111234 None of the above data sets have any meaning until they are given a CONTEXT and PROCESSED into a useable form
Information
Data that has been processed within a context to give it meaning OR
Data that has been processed into a form that gives it meaning
Examples
In the next 3 examples explain how the data could be processed to give it meaning What information can then be derived from the data?
Example 1
Raw Data
Yes, Yes, No, Yes, No, Yes, No, Yes, No, Yes, Yes
Context
Processing
Responses to the market research question Would you buy brand x at price y?
Information
???
Example 2
Raw Data
42, 63, 96, 74, 56, 86
Context
Processing
Information
???
Example 3
Raw Data
111192, 111234
Context
Processing
Information
???
Knowledge
Knowledge is the understanding of rules needed to interpret information
the capability of understanding the relationship between pieces of information and what to actually do with the information
Knowledge Examples
Using the 3 previous examples:
A Marketing Manager could use this information to decide whether or not to raise or lower price y Jayas teacher could analyse the results to determine whether it would be worth her re-sitting a module
Looking at the pattern of the customers previous gas bills may identify that the figure is abnormally low and they are fiddling the gas meter!!!
Summary
Information
Data
Context
Meaning
Processing
Data raw facts and figures Information data that has been processed (in a context) to give it meaning
Example 2
Adding Jaya scores would give us a mark out of 600 that could then be converted to an A level grade. Alternatively we could convert the individual module results into grades.
Example 3
By subtracting the second value from the first we can work out how many units of gas the consumer has used. This can then be multiplied by the price per unit to determine the customers gas bill.
Information Systems
Why Do People Need Information?
Individuals - Entertainment and enlightenment
Businesses - Decision making, problem solving and control
An information system is a system which assembles, stores, processes, and delivers information relevant to an organization (or to society) in such a way that the information is accessible and useful to those who wish to use it, including managers, staff, clients, and citizens. An information system is a human activity (social) system which may or may not involve the use of computer systems.
Organizations
Technology
Information Systems
Management
An information systems is a collection of components that collects, processes, stores, analyzes, and disseminates information for a specific purpose. The major components of a computer-based information system (CBIS) can include (1) hardware, (2) software, (3) a database (4) a network (5 )procedures, and (6) people. The system operates in a social context, and the software usually includes application programs which perform specific tasks for users.