31.

3 Immune Responses
Bell Ringer: Review! What is one of the bodies nonspecific defenses against an invading pathogen? A)Antibodies B)Killer T Cells C)Mucous, sweat and tears D)Antibiotics

31.3 Immune Responses

KEY CONCEPT The immune system has many responses to pathogens and foreign cells.

31.3 Immune Responses

The job of the immune systems is to fight off pathogens & infections.
Skin is a physical barrier to infection. Mucous Membranes trap pathogens entering the body.

31.3 Immune Responses

Two nonspecific responses.

1. Inflammation - blood vessels become leaky.

characterized by swelling, redness, and pain

2. Fever - body temperature increases

Low fevers stimulate white blood cells to mature.

31.3 Immune Responses

Cells of the immune system produce SPECIFIC RESPONSES

Specific Immune response: Antigens are surface proteins on pathogens. Each pathogen has a different antigen.

antigens

31.3 Immune Responses

White Blood Cells attack infections inside the body.

1.Phagocytes engulf and destroy pathogens. 2.T cells destroy infected cells. 3.B cells produce antibodies.
- Antibodies make pathogens ineffective.

31.3 Immune Responses

There are 2 specific immune responses.

pathogen antigens

1. Cellular Immunity T-cells to destroy infected body cells.

antigens T cell

receptors

activated T cells

memory T cells

31.3 Immune Responses

31.3 Immune Responses

2. Antibody (humoral) Immunity B-cells produce antibodies.

B cell pathogen

antibodies T cell

memory B cells activated B cells

31.3 Immune Responses

Both responses produce memory cells

31.3 Immune Responses

Vaccines
Allow person to acquire immunity without contracting disease Contain the antigen of a weakened pathogen Does not cure a person who is sick

31.3 Immune Responses

Vaccination provides immunity.

stimulates a specific immune response causes memory B & T cells to be produced allows immune system to respond quickly to infection next time has such a fast response, a person will not get sick
1
memory B cells
Antigens in a vaccine trigger an immune response, and memory B cells are made.

A memory B cell is stimulated when the real pathogen binds to it.

The B cell quickly activates and makes antibodies that fight the pathogens before you get sick.

31.3 Immune Responses

To Do: Go to: http://www.biomanbio.com/GamesandLabs/Physiogames /conflictimmunity.html Play through the game, think about the steps required for the establishment of immunity In groups of 2-3, make a short powerpoint presentation walking through the steps of acquiring cell mediated or humoral immunity Once done, one group from each will present in front of class

31.3 Immune Responses

Bell Closer: What is the role of the macrophage? A) Produces antibodies B) Engulfs pathogens C) Produces long lasting memory cells D) Protects against pathogen entry